{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T00:40:11Z","timestamp":1739580011655,"version":"3.37.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Aerospace Medical Association","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold> There is a paucity of cases of fatal pulmonary barotrauma in the literature unless the patient is mechanically ventilated. Here we report a presumed pulmonary barotrauma caused by pulmonary cyst rupture as barometric pressure reduced during a commercial flight, with tragic consequences.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CASE REPORT:<\/jats:bold> A 71-yr-old woman with a history of a large pulmonary cyst lost consciousness on a commercial domestic flight (1.15-h flight time). This period of reduced level of consciousness was undetected and may have caused hypoxic brain injury. Subsequent hospital investigations revealed a large cavitating lesion in the left lung and free gas in the brain, suggestive of pulmonary barotrauma and cerebral arterial gas embolism. Progression of the hypoxic brain injury caused death.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>DISCUSSION:<\/jats:bold> The likely cause of death was speculated to be caused by the preexisting pulmonary cyst, which was ruptured by either Valsalva, cough suppression, change in barometric pressure, or a combination of all three, causing fatal air emboli.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Stevens G. <jats:italic>Fatal pulmonary barotrauma from a commercial flight<\/jats:italic>. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2025; 96(2):180\u2013182.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3357\/amhp.6577.2025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:30:46Z","timestamp":1738629046000},"page":"180-182","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fatal Pulmonary Barotrauma from a Commercial Flight"],"prefix":"10.3357","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Graham","family":"Stevens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1911","reference":[{"year":"2008","author":"Davis J","key":"B1","unstructured":"Davis J, Johnson R, Stepanek J, Fogarty J. Fundamentals of aerospace medicine. 4th edition. 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Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2021; 118(48):834. 10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0132"},{"key":"B10","series-title":"Case Rep Pulmonol.","first-page":"416360","article-title":"Cerebral arterial air embolism associated with mechanical ventilation and deep tracheal aspiration","volume":"2012","author":"Gursoy S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gursoy S, Duger C, Kaygusuz K, Ozdemir Kol I, Gurelik B, Mimaroglu C. Cerebral arterial air embolism associated with mechanical ventilation and deep tracheal aspiration. Case Rep Pulmonol. 2012; 2012:416360. 10.1155\/2012\/416360"},{"key":"B11","series-title":"Front Neurol.","first-page":"727754","article-title":"Case report: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy after traumatic brain injury","volume":"12","author":"Wang F","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang F, Darby J. Case report: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy after traumatic brain injury. 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