{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T02:39:45Z","timestamp":1777084785352,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Aerospace Medical Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>INTRODUCTION:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Neck injuries are commonly sustained during emergency aircraft ejections, with head-neck posture identified as a critical factor influencing injury risk. Despite this, the relationship between the initial head-neck posture and neck injury during emergency ejection has not been comprehensively studied. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of head-neck postures on the dynamic neck response of pilots during ejection.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>METHODS:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Using the Total Human Model for Safety, simulations were conducted involving four initial postures (i.e., rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending), each set at 15\u00b0, and four initial rotation angles (0\u00b0, 15\u00b0, 30\u00b0, 45\u00b0). Ejection acceleration curves were also simulated to the T1 vertebra and its inferior segments.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Neutral posture poses no risk of injury. In all the non-neutral postures (15\u00b0), only the rotation of 15\u00b0 may cause risk of neck injury, and notably, this risk increases as the rotational angle increases.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>DISCUSSION:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Initial head-neck posture markedly influences cervical loading and injury risk during ejection. Axial rotation presents the greatest risk by elevating vertebral stress and ligament tension, emphasizing the critical importance of maintaining a neutral posture to protect the cervical spine during pilot ejection.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      Du C-F, Zhang X-Y, Zhao H, Liu S-Y, Li T-C, Wang X-W, Zhou K-T.\n                      <jats:italic>Initial head-neck posture affects neck injury risk in pilot emergency ejection<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2026; 97(3):145\u2013150.\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3357\/amhp.6751.2026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T09:57:38Z","timestamp":1773223058000},"page":"145-150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Initial Head-Neck Posture Affects Neck Injury Risk in Pilot Emergency Ejection"],"prefix":"10.3357","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Cheng-Fei","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Yang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Song-Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tian-Cheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Wang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kun-Tao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1911","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"B1","series-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med.","first-page":"709","article-title":"Effect of Gz forces and head movements on cervical erector spinae muscle strain","volume":"63","author":"H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen O","year":"1992","unstructured":"H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen O, Vanharanta H. Effect of Gz forces and head movements on cervical erector spinae muscle strain. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1992; 63(8):709\u201316."},{"issue":"1","key":"B2","series-title":"Aerosp Med Hum Perform.","first-page":"26","article-title":"Head movements and neck muscle activity during air combat maneuvering","volume":"91","author":"Sovelius R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sovelius R, M\u00e4ntyl\u00e4 M, Huhtala H, Oksa J, Valtonen R,  Head movements and neck muscle activity during air combat maneuvering. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020 Jan 1; 91(1):26\u201331."},{"issue":"1","key":"B3","series-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med.","first-page":"16","article-title":"+Gz-related neck pain: a follow-up study","volume":"65","author":"H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen O","year":"1994","unstructured":"H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen O, Vanharanta H, Bloigu R. +Gz-related neck pain: a follow-up study. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1994 Jan; 65(1):16\u20138."},{"issue":"1","key":"B4","series-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med.","first-page":"66","article-title":"Spine injuries related to high-performance aircraft ejections: a 9-year retrospective study","volume":"85","author":"Manen O","year":"2014","unstructured":"Manen O, Cl\u00e9ment J, Bisconte S, Perrier \u00c9. Spine injuries related to high-performance aircraft ejections: a 9-year retrospective study. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2014 Jan; 85(1):66\u201370."},{"issue":"5","key":"B5","series-title":"J Phys: Conf Ser.","first-page":"052100","article-title":"Research on head-neck injuries of pilots during emergency ejection from the aircraft","volume":"1213","author":"Song R-Z","year":"2019","unstructured":"Song R-Z, Suo S-F, Jia X-H, Liu Y, Liu S-Y. Research on head-neck injuries of pilots during emergency ejection from the aircraft. J Phys: Conf Ser. 2019; 1213(5):052100."},{"issue":"12","key":"B6","series-title":"Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin.","first-page":"1510","article-title":"Effects of different helmet-mounted devices on pilot\u2019s neck injury under simulated ejection","volume":"26","author":"Liu J","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu J, Liu H, Bu W, Wang Y, Xu P,  Effects of different helmet-mounted devices on pilot\u2019s neck injury under simulated ejection. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin. 2023 Sep; 26(12):1510\u201321."},{"issue":"4","key":"B7","series-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med.","first-page":"337","article-title":"Vertebral fracture after aircraft ejection during Operation Desert Storm","volume":"68","author":"Osborne RG","year":"1997","unstructured":"Osborne RG, Cook AA. Vertebral fracture after aircraft ejection during Operation Desert Storm. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1997 Apr; 68(4):337\u201341."},{"issue":"7","key":"B8","series-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med.","first-page":"686","article-title":"Report of ejections in the Spanish Air Force, 1979\u20131995: an epidemiological and comparative study","volume":"70","author":"Moreno V\u00e1zquez JM","year":"1999","unstructured":"Moreno V\u00e1zquez JM, Dur\u00e1n Tejeda MR, Garc\u00eda Alc\u00f3n JL. Report of ejections in the Spanish Air Force, 1979\u20131995: an epidemiological and comparative study. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1999 Jul; 70(7):686\u201391."},{"key":"B9","series-title":"RCAF ejection experience 1952\u20131961.","author":"Smiley JR.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Smiley JR. RCAF ejection experience 1952\u20131961. Toronto (ON): RCAF Institute of Aviation Medicine; 1965. 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Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021 Mar 1; 92(3):172\u201381."},{"issue":"5","key":"B16","series-title":"Aerosp Med Hum Perform.","first-page":"458","article-title":"Posture and helmet configuration effects on joint reaction loads in the middle cervical spine","volume":"93","author":"Barrett JM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Barrett JM, McKinnon CD, Dickerson CR, Laing AC, Callaghan JP. Posture and helmet configuration effects on joint reaction loads in the middle cervical spine. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022 May 1; 93(5):458\u201366."},{"issue":"10","key":"B17","series-title":"Aerosp Med Hum Perform.","first-page":"834","article-title":"Joint Helmet-Mounted Cueing System and neck muscle activity during air combat maneuvering","volume":"90","author":"Sovelius R","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sovelius R, M\u00e4ntyl\u00e4 M, Heini H, Oksa J, Valtonen R,  Joint Helmet-Mounted Cueing System and neck muscle activity during air combat maneuvering. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2019 Oct 1; 90(10):834\u201340."},{"key":"B18","article-title":"A study of muscle control with two feedback controls for posture and reaction force for more accurate prediction of occupant kinematics in low-speed frontal impacts","author":"Kato D","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kato D, Nakahira Y, Iwamoto M. A study of muscle control with two feedback controls for posture and reaction force for more accurate prediction of occupant kinematics in low-speed frontal impacts. In: Proceedings of the 25th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV); 2017 Jun 5\u20138; Detroit, MI, USA. Washington (DC): National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; 2017."},{"key":"B19","article-title":"Development and validation of the Total HUman Model for Safety (THUMS) version 5 containing multiple 1D muscles for estimating occupant motions with muscle activation during side impacts","author":"Iwamoto M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Iwamoto M, Nakahira Y. Development and validation of the Total HUman Model for Safety (THUMS) version 5 containing multiple 1D muscles for estimating occupant motions with muscle activation during side impacts. Warrendale (PA): SAE Tech Pap; 2015. Report No.: 2015-01-1473."},{"key":"B20","series-title":"Traffic Inj Prev.","first-page":"S36","article-title":"Development and validation of the total human model for safety (THUMS) toward further understanding of occupant injury mechanisms in precrash and during crash","volume":"2015","author":"Iwamoto M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Iwamoto M, Nakahira Y, Kimpara H. Development and validation of the total human model for safety (THUMS) toward further understanding of occupant injury mechanisms in precrash and during crash. Traffic Inj Prev. 2015; 2015(16 Suppl 1):S36\u2013S48."},{"issue":"3","key":"B21","series-title":"J Biomech.","first-page":"307","article-title":"Dynamic responses of the head and cervical spine to axial impact loading","volume":"29","author":"Nightingale RW","year":"1996","unstructured":"Nightingale RW, McElhaney JH, Richardson WJ, Myers BS. Dynamic responses of the head and cervical spine to axial impact loading. J Biomech. 1996 Mar; 29(3):307\u201318."},{"key":"B22","first-page":"378","article-title":"Notice of retraction: numerical simulation of stability performance on ejection seat","author":"Tian J","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tian J, Chen L, Li Z. Notice of retraction: numerical simulation of stability performance on ejection seat. In: 2010 International Conference on Computer, Mechatronics, Control and Electronic Engineering; 2010 Aug; Changchun, China. Piscataway (NJ): IEEE; 2010:378\u201380."},{"key":"B23","article-title":"A new neck injury criterion candidate based on injury findings in the cervical spinal ganglia after experimental neck extension trauma","author":"Bostr\u00f6m O","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bostr\u00f6m O, Svensson MY, Aldman B, Hansson HA, H\u00e5land Y,  A new neck injury criterion candidate based on injury findings in the cervical spinal ganglia after experimental neck extension trauma. In: Proceedings of the 1996 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact; 1996 Sep 11\u201313; Dublin, Ireland. Zurich (Switzerland): IRCOBI; 1997."},{"issue":"4","key":"B24","series-title":"Int J Veh Saf.","first-page":"370","article-title":"Head injury of CHARM-70 FE model and a comparative study with Hybrid III and GHBMC model","volume":"11","author":"Wu H","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu H, Qian X, Ren Q, Zhan X. Head injury of CHARM-70 FE model and a comparative study with Hybrid III and GHBMC model. Int J Veh Saf. 2020 Nov 24; 11(4):370\u201389."},{"issue":"5","key":"B25","series-title":"Aerosp Med Hum Perform.","first-page":"466","article-title":"Restraint harness performance during flight maneuvers: a parametric study","volume":"86","author":"Du C","year":"2015","unstructured":"Du C, Liu X, Wang L, Liu S, Fan Y. Restraint harness performance during flight maneuvers: a parametric study. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2015 May; 86(5):466\u201371."},{"issue":"8","key":"B1","series-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med.","first-page":"709","article-title":"Effect of Gz forces and head movements on cervical erector spinae muscle strain","volume":"63","author":"H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen O","year":"1992","unstructured":"H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen O, Vanharanta H. Effect of Gz forces and head movements on cervical erector spinae muscle strain. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1992; 63(8):709\u201316."},{"issue":"1","key":"B2","series-title":"Aerosp Med Hum Perform.","first-page":"26","article-title":"Head movements and neck muscle activity during air combat maneuvering","volume":"91","author":"Sovelius R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sovelius R, M\u00e4ntyl\u00e4 M, Huhtala H, Oksa J, Valtonen R,  Head movements and neck muscle activity during air combat maneuvering. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020 Jan 1; 91(1):26\u201331."},{"issue":"1","key":"B3","series-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med.","first-page":"16","article-title":"+Gz-related neck pain: a follow-up study","volume":"65","author":"H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen O","year":"1994","unstructured":"H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen O, Vanharanta H, Bloigu R. +Gz-related neck pain: a follow-up study. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1994 Jan; 65(1):16\u20138."},{"issue":"1","key":"B4","series-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med.","first-page":"66","article-title":"Spine injuries related to high-performance aircraft ejections: a 9-year retrospective study","volume":"85","author":"Manen O","year":"2014","unstructured":"Manen O, Cl\u00e9ment J, Bisconte S, Perrier \u00c9. Spine injuries related to high-performance aircraft ejections: a 9-year retrospective study. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2014 Jan; 85(1):66\u201370."},{"issue":"5","key":"B5","series-title":"J Phys: Conf Ser.","first-page":"052100","article-title":"Research on head-neck injuries of pilots during emergency ejection from the aircraft","volume":"1213","author":"Song R-Z","year":"2019","unstructured":"Song R-Z, Suo S-F, Jia X-H, Liu Y, Liu S-Y. Research on head-neck injuries of pilots during emergency ejection from the aircraft. J Phys: Conf Ser. 2019; 1213(5):052100."},{"issue":"12","key":"B6","series-title":"Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin.","first-page":"1510","article-title":"Effects of different helmet-mounted devices on pilot\u2019s neck injury under simulated ejection","volume":"26","author":"Liu J","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu J, Liu H, Bu W, Wang Y, Xu P,  Effects of different helmet-mounted devices on pilot\u2019s neck injury under simulated ejection. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin. 2023 Sep; 26(12):1510\u201321."},{"issue":"4","key":"B7","series-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med.","first-page":"337","article-title":"Vertebral fracture after aircraft ejection during Operation Desert Storm","volume":"68","author":"Osborne RG","year":"1997","unstructured":"Osborne RG, Cook AA. Vertebral fracture after aircraft ejection during Operation Desert Storm. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1997 Apr; 68(4):337\u201341."},{"issue":"7","key":"B8","series-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med.","first-page":"686","article-title":"Report of ejections in the Spanish Air Force, 1979\u20131995: an epidemiological and comparative study","volume":"70","author":"Moreno V\u00e1zquez JM","year":"1999","unstructured":"Moreno V\u00e1zquez JM, Dur\u00e1n Tejeda MR, Garc\u00eda Alc\u00f3n JL. Report of ejections in the Spanish Air Force, 1979\u20131995: an epidemiological and comparative study. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1999 Jul; 70(7):686\u201391."},{"key":"B9","series-title":"RCAF ejection experience 1952\u20131961.","author":"Smiley JR.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Smiley JR. RCAF ejection experience 1952\u20131961. Toronto (ON): RCAF Institute of Aviation Medicine; 1965. Report No.: AD0465171."},{"issue":"5","key":"B10","series-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med.","first-page":"445","article-title":"Non-ejection cervical spine injuries due to +Gz in high performance aircraft","volume":"60","author":"Schall DG.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Schall DG. Non-ejection cervical spine injuries due to +Gz in high performance aircraft. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1989 May; 60(5):445\u201356."},{"issue":"5","key":"B11","series-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med.","first-page":"489","article-title":"Physical effects of ejection on the head-neck complex: demonstration of a cadaver model","volume":"80","author":"Stemper BD","year":"2009","unstructured":"Stemper BD, Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Shender BS, Paskoff GR. Physical effects of ejection on the head-neck complex: demonstration of a cadaver model. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2009 May; 80(5):489\u201394."},{"issue":"11","key":"B12","series-title":"Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng.","first-page":"1121","article-title":"Biomechanical investigation of thoracolumbar spine in different postures during ejection using a combined finite element and multi-body approach","volume":"30","author":"Du C","year":"2014","unstructured":"Du C, Mo Z, Tian S, Wang L, Fan J,  Biomechanical investigation of thoracolumbar spine in different postures during ejection using a combined finite element and multi-body approach. Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng. 2014 Nov; 30(11):1121\u201331."},{"issue":"7","key":"B13","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976).","first-page":"760","article-title":"Looking away from whiplash: effect of head rotation in rear impacts","volume":"30","author":"Kumar S","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kumar S, Ferrari R, Narayan Y. Looking away from whiplash: effect of head rotation in rear impacts. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005 Apr 1; 30(7):760\u20138."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"B14","series-title":"Occup Ergon.","first-page":"119","article-title":"Neck muscle activity during simulated in-flight static neck postures and helmet mounted equipment","volume":"13","author":"McKinnon CD","year":"2017","unstructured":"McKinnon CD, Dickerson CR, Laing ACT, Callaghan JP. Neck muscle activity during simulated in-flight static neck postures and helmet mounted equipment. Occup Ergon. 2017 May; 13(3\u20134):119\u201330."},{"issue":"3","key":"B15","series-title":"Aerosp Med Hum Perform.","first-page":"172","article-title":"Night vision goggle and counterweight use affect neck muscle activity during reciprocal scanning","volume":"92","author":"Healey LA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Healey LA, Derouin AJ, Callaghan JP, Cronin DS, Fischer SL. Night vision goggle and counterweight use affect neck muscle activity during reciprocal scanning. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021 Mar 1; 92(3):172\u201381."},{"issue":"5","key":"B16","series-title":"Aerosp Med Hum Perform.","first-page":"458","article-title":"Posture and helmet configuration effects on joint reaction loads in the middle cervical spine","volume":"93","author":"Barrett JM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Barrett JM, McKinnon CD, Dickerson CR, Laing AC, Callaghan JP. Posture and helmet configuration effects on joint reaction loads in the middle cervical spine. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022 May 1; 93(5):458\u201366."},{"issue":"10","key":"B17","series-title":"Aerosp Med Hum Perform.","first-page":"834","article-title":"Joint Helmet-Mounted Cueing System and neck muscle activity during air combat maneuvering","volume":"90","author":"Sovelius R","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sovelius R, M\u00e4ntyl\u00e4 M, Heini H, Oksa J, Valtonen R,  Joint Helmet-Mounted Cueing System and neck muscle activity during air combat maneuvering. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2019 Oct 1; 90(10):834\u201340."},{"key":"B18","article-title":"A study of muscle control with two feedback controls for posture and reaction force for more accurate prediction of occupant kinematics in low-speed frontal impacts","author":"Kato D","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kato D, Nakahira Y, Iwamoto M. A study of muscle control with two feedback controls for posture and reaction force for more accurate prediction of occupant kinematics in low-speed frontal impacts. In: Proceedings of the 25th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV); 2017 Jun 5\u20138; Detroit, MI, USA. Washington (DC): National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; 2017."},{"key":"B19","article-title":"Development and validation of the Total HUman Model for Safety (THUMS) version 5 containing multiple 1D muscles for estimating occupant motions with muscle activation during side impacts","author":"Iwamoto M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Iwamoto M, Nakahira Y. Development and validation of the Total HUman Model for Safety (THUMS) version 5 containing multiple 1D muscles for estimating occupant motions with muscle activation during side impacts. Warrendale (PA): SAE Tech Pap; 2015. Report No.: 2015-01-1473."},{"key":"B20","series-title":"Traffic Inj Prev.","first-page":"S36","article-title":"Development and validation of the total human model for safety (THUMS) toward further understanding of occupant injury mechanisms in precrash and during crash","volume":"2015","author":"Iwamoto M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Iwamoto M, Nakahira Y, Kimpara H. Development and validation of the total human model for safety (THUMS) toward further understanding of occupant injury mechanisms in precrash and during crash. Traffic Inj Prev. 2015; 2015(16 Suppl 1):S36\u2013S48."},{"issue":"3","key":"B21","series-title":"J Biomech.","first-page":"307","article-title":"Dynamic responses of the head and cervical spine to axial impact loading","volume":"29","author":"Nightingale RW","year":"1996","unstructured":"Nightingale RW, McElhaney JH, Richardson WJ, Myers BS. Dynamic responses of the head and cervical spine to axial impact loading. J Biomech. 1996 Mar; 29(3):307\u201318."},{"key":"B22","first-page":"378","article-title":"Notice of retraction: numerical simulation of stability performance on ejection seat","author":"Tian J","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tian J, Chen L, Li Z. Notice of retraction: numerical simulation of stability performance on ejection seat. In: 2010 International Conference on Computer, Mechatronics, Control and Electronic Engineering; 2010 Aug; Changchun, China. Piscataway (NJ): IEEE; 2010:378\u201380."},{"key":"B23","article-title":"A new neck injury criterion candidate based on injury findings in the cervical spinal ganglia after experimental neck extension trauma","author":"Bostr\u00f6m O","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bostr\u00f6m O, Svensson MY, Aldman B, Hansson HA, H\u00e5land Y,  A new neck injury criterion candidate based on injury findings in the cervical spinal ganglia after experimental neck extension trauma. In: Proceedings of the 1996 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact; 1996 Sep 11\u201313; Dublin, Ireland. Zurich (Switzerland): IRCOBI; 1997."},{"issue":"4","key":"B24","series-title":"Int J Veh Saf.","first-page":"370","article-title":"Head injury of CHARM-70 FE model and a comparative study with Hybrid III and GHBMC model","volume":"11","author":"Wu H","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu H, Qian X, Ren Q, Zhan X. Head injury of CHARM-70 FE model and a comparative study with Hybrid III and GHBMC model. Int J Veh Saf. 2020 Nov 24; 11(4):370\u201389."},{"issue":"5","key":"B25","series-title":"Aerosp Med Hum Perform.","first-page":"466","article-title":"Restraint harness performance during flight maneuvers: a parametric study","volume":"86","author":"Du C","year":"2015","unstructured":"Du C, Liu X, Wang L, Liu S, Fan Y. Restraint harness performance during flight maneuvers: a parametric study. 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