{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T22:45:31Z","timestamp":1778798731875,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,28]],"date-time":"2019-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":331,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Poultry Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,22]],"date-time":"2018-06-22T05:28:03Z","timestamp":1529645283000},"page":"3967-3976","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Bacillus subtilis in broiler diets with different levels of energy and protein"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Farshad","family":"Goodarzi Boroojeni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W","family":"Vahjen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K","family":"M\u00e4nner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Blanch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Sandvang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Zentek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2014.10.012","article-title":"Effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis on heat-stressed broilers performance, intestinal morphology and microflora composition","volume":"198","author":"Al-Fataftah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2012.12110","article-title":"The Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria probiotics influences intestinal mucin gene expression, histomorphology and growth performance in broilers","volume":"25","author":"Aliakbarpour","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.2478\/v10220-012-0055-x","article-title":"The usefulness of prebiotics and probiotics in modern poultry nutrition: a review\/przydatnosc prebiotyk\u00f3w i probiotyk\u00f3w w nowoczesnym zywieniu drobiu-przeglad","volume":"13","author":"Alloui","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1017\/S0043933907001560","article-title":"Feed particle size: Implications on the digestion and performance of poultry","volume":"63","author":"Amerah","year":"2007","journal-title":"Worlds Poult. Sci. J."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2016.03.004","article-title":"Diet energy and feed intake in chickens","volume":"233","author":"Classen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2014.0062","article-title":"Immunomodulatory role of probiotics in poultry and potential in ovo application","volume":"6","author":"Cox","year":"2015","journal-title":"Beneficial Microbes"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/japr\/9.2.149","article-title":"Bacillus subtilis C-3102 (Calsporin) improves live performance and microbiological status of broiler chickens","volume":"9","author":"Fritts","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib8","first-page":"235","article-title":"Die kolorimetrische phosphors\u00e4urebestimmung mit ammonium-vanadat-molybdat und ihre anwendung in der pflanzenanalyse","volume":"59","author":"Gericke","year":"1952","journal-title":"Z. Pflanzenernaehr. Dueng. Bodenkd."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib9","series-title":"Empfehlungen zur Energie- und N\u00e4hrstoffversorgung der Legehennen und Masth\u00fchner Broiler","author":"GfE","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2016.07.010","article-title":"The effects of hydrothermal processing on feed hygiene, nutrient availability, intestinal microbiota and morphology in poultry\u2014A review","volume":"220","author":"Goodarzi Boroojeni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2010.03.003","article-title":"An update on alternatives to antimicrobial growth promoters for broilers","volume":"187","author":"Huyghebaert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3097","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2014-04086","article-title":"Effect of Bacillus subtilis C-3102 spores as a probiotic feed supplement on growth performance, noxious gas emission, and intestinal microflora in broilers","volume":"93","author":"Jeong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib13","first-page":"349","article-title":"B","volume":"2011","author":"Knap","year":"2011","journal-title":"subtilis-improved protein digestibility and equal performance in energy-reduced diets for broilers [Conference poster]. Actes des 9\u00e8mes Journ\u00e9es de la Recherche Avicole, Tours, France, 29 et 30 mars"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.16.0118","article-title":"Stress, nutrition, and intestinal immune responses in pigs\u2014a review","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2016.11.015","article-title":"Effect of Bacillus subtilis supplementation and dietary crude protein level on growth performance and intestinal morphological changes of meat type chicken","volume":"195","author":"Mahmoud","year":"2017","journal-title":"Livestock Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2011.636029","article-title":"Effect of different concentrations of Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, carcase quality, gut microflora and immune response of broiler chickens","volume":"52","author":"Moln\u00e1r","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02290267","article-title":"Analysis of short chain fatty acids from different intestinal samples by capillary gas chromatography","volume":"40","author":"Sch\u00e4fer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chromatographia"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2011.05.021","article-title":"Effect of supplementation of Bacillus subtilis LS 1\u20132 to broiler diets on growth performance, nutrient retention, caecal microbiology and small intestinal morphology","volume":"93","author":"Sen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-8401(95)00916-7","article-title":"Determination of titanium dioxide added as an inert marker in chicken digestibility studies","volume":"59","author":"Short","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.22358\/jafs\/70012\/2001","article-title":"Probiotic feed additives-effectiveness and expected modes of action","volume":"10","author":"Simon","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Anim. Feed Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2573","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2011-01502","article-title":"Single or combined effects of mannan-oligosaccharides and probiotic supplements on the total oxidants, total antioxidants, enzymatic antioxidants, liver enzymes, and serum trace minerals in cyclic heat-stressed broilers","volume":"90","author":"Sohail","year":"2011","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2013-03455","article-title":"Effect of a probiotic mixture on intestinal microflora, morphology, and barrier integrity of broilers subjected to heat stress","volume":"93","author":"Song","year":"2014","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1017\/S0043933911000249","article-title":"The gizzard: function, influence of diet structure and effects on nutrient availability","volume":"67","author":"Svihus","year":"2011","journal-title":"Worlds Poult. Sci. J."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1093\/japr\/16.3.296","article-title":"Evaluation of the performance and intestinal gut microflora of broilers fed on corn-soy diets supplemented with Bacillus subtilis PB6 (CloSTAT)","volume":"16","author":"Teo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2011.08.008","article-title":"Protection activity of a novel probiotic strain of Bacillus subtilis against Salmonella Enteritidis infection","volume":"93","author":"Thirabunyanon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib26","series-title":"Handbuch der landwirtschaftlichen Versuchs-und Untersuchungsmethodik, Methodenbuch Band VI-Chemische, physikalische und mikrobiologische Untersuchungsverfahren f\u00fcr Milch Milchprodukte und Molkereihilfsstoffe","author":"VDLUFA","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0264.2003.00430.x","article-title":"Morphology of the small intestine of weaned piglets and a novel method for morphometric evaluation","volume":"32","author":"Wiese","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anatom. Histol. Embryol."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey265_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1017\/S0043933909000087","article-title":"Dietary modulation of gut microflora in broiler chickens: a review of the role of six kinds of alternatives to in-feed antibiotics","volume":"65","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Worlds Poult. Sci. J."}],"container-title":["Poultry Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579119305012?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579119305012?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ps\/article-pdf\/97\/11\/3967\/25862931\/pey265.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T20:33:14Z","timestamp":1758486794000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0032579119305012"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0032579119305012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3382\/ps\/pey265","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5791"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5791","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Bacillus subtilis in broiler diets with different levels of energy and protein","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Poultry Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3382\/ps\/pey265","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2018 Poultry Science Association Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}