{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:14:39Z","timestamp":1785370479668,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548979200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548979200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,5]],"date-time":"2019-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":246,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Poultry Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,4]],"date-time":"2018-10-04T02:34:13Z","timestamp":1538620453000},"page":"904-911","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Comparison of performance and feed digestibility of the non-antibiotic feed supplement (Novacid) and an antibiotic growth promoter in broiler chickens"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8067-4739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milad","family":"Manafi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahdi","family":"Hedayati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasrollah","family":"Pirany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0761-8810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Apeh Akwu","family":"Omede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.3382\/japr.2010-00168","article-title":"Probiotics and phytogenics for poultry: Myth or reality?","volume":"19","author":"Applegate","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib2","series-title":"Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists","author":"AOAC International","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib3","series-title":"Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists","author":"AOAC International","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib4","series-title":"Method 990.03: Periodic acid Schiff staining. In Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International","author":"AOAC International","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib5","series-title":"Ross 308: Broiler Nutrition Specification","author":"Aviagen","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2010.03.007","article-title":"Essential oils in poultry nutrition: Main effects and modes of action","volume":"158","author":"Brenes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/81.5.621","article-title":"In vitro study on the effect of organic acids on Campylobacter jejuni\/coli populations in mixtures of water and feed","volume":"81","author":"Chaveerach","year":"2002","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2008.10719681","article-title":"Supplementation of konjac glucomannan into a low-fiber Chinese diet promoted bowel movement and improved colonic ecology in constipated adults: a placebo-controlled, diet-controlled trial","volume":"27","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2005.02.008","article-title":"Unhydrolyzed and hydrolyzed konjac glucomannans modulated cecal and fecal microflora in Balb\/c mice","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2010.05.001","article-title":"Konjac glucomannan hydrolysate beneficially modulates bacterial composition and activity within the faecal microbiota","volume":"2","author":"Connolly","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Funct. Foods"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1080\/000716602762388536","article-title":"The effects of dietary inclusion of herbs and their volatile oils on the performance of growing chickens","volume":"43","author":"Cross","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br. Poultry Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1093\/japr\/11.4.453","article-title":"Use of organic acids as a model to study the impact of gut microflora on nutrition and metabolism","volume":"11","author":"Dibner","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1108\/00346650810906930","article-title":"Effects of konjac glucomannan hydrolysates on the gut microflora of mice","volume":"38","author":"Elamir","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nutr. Food Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1080\/03079450120106000","article-title":"Dietary mannan-oligosaccharides and their effect on chicken caecal microflora in relation to Salmonella Enteritidis colonization","volume":"31","author":"Fernandez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib15","first-page":"95","article-title":"Use of herbs and spices and their extracts in animal nutrition","volume":"92","author":"Frankic","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta. Agr. Slov."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.3382\/japr.2006-00116","article-title":"Effect of formic acid and plant extracts on growth, nutrient digestibility, intestine mucosa morphology, and meat yield of broilers","volume":"16","author":"Garcia","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib17","first-page":"149","article-title":"The effects of antibiotic growth promoter, probiotic or organic acid supplementation on performance, intestinal microflora and tissue of broilers","volume":"5","author":"Gunal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. of Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib18","article-title":"The use of Chinese herbs as alternative for growth promoters in broiler diets","author":"Guo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. XII World's Poult. Cong."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114508143549","article-title":"The thickness of the intestinal mucous layer in the colon of rats fed various sources of non-digestible carbohydrates is positively correlated with the pool of SCFA but negatively correlated with the proportion of butyric acid in digesta","volume":"102","author":"Hedemann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/83.2.169","article-title":"Influence of two plant extracts on broilers performance, digestibility, and digestive organ size","volume":"83","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2004","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.123.16.416","article-title":"Control of Salmonella infections in broiler chickens by the acid treatment of their feed","volume":"123","author":"Hinton","year":"1988","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.109.110171","article-title":"Soluble fiber viscosity affects both goblet cell number and small intestine mucin secretion in rats","volume":"139","author":"Ito","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib23","first-page":"41","article-title":"Plant extracts enhance broiler performance. Poult. Sci. Assoc. 91stAnnu. Meeting, 11\u201314 Aug., 2002, Newark, Delaware","volume":"80","author":"Jamroz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2006.06.009","article-title":"Effect of a commercial essential oil on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and intestinal microflora population in broiler chickens","volume":"134","author":"Jang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.2307\/1296312","article-title":"Antibiotics in animal feeds and animal production","volume":"22","author":"Jukes","year":"1972","journal-title":"Bioscience"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib26","first-page":"19","article-title":"A novel look at a classic approach of plant extracts","volume":"8","author":"Kamel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Feed mix"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18061283","article-title":"Antibacterial and antifungal activities of spices","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib28","first-page":"11","article-title":"Oxidative damage caused by an excess of Copper in oat leaves","volume":"35","author":"Luna","year":"1994","journal-title":"Plant Cell Physiol."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.2141\/jpsa.0150027","article-title":"Comparison study of a natural non-antibiotic growth promoter and a commercial probiotic on growth performance, immune response and biochemical parameters of broiler chicks","volume":"52","author":"Manafi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1590\/s1806-92902016001200003","article-title":"Assessment of a natural, non-antibiotic blend on performance, blood biochemistry, intestinal microflora, and morphology of broilers challenged with Escherichia coli","volume":"45","author":"Manafi","year":"2016","journal-title":"R. Bras. Zootec."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew347","article-title":"Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis and bacitracin methylene disalicylate on growth performance, digestibility, blood metabolites, immunity, and intestinal microbiota after intramuscular inoculation with Escherichia coli in broilers","volume":"96","author":"Manafi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib32","first-page":"14","article-title":"Antibiotics are not the only growth promoters","volume":"16","author":"Mellor","year":"2000","journal-title":"World Poult"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/83.4.669","article-title":"The effect of two different blends of essential oil components on the proliferation of Clostridium perfringens in the intestines of broiler chickens","volume":"83","author":"Mitsch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)41154-9","article-title":"Use of sulfasuxidine, streptothricin and streptomycin in nutritional studies with the chick","volume":"165","author":"Moore","year":"1946","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib35","series-title":"Chemical Analysis of Feedstuffs (in German)","author":"Naumann","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib36","first-page":"167","article-title":"Digestive stimulant action of spices: a myth or reality?","volume":"119","author":"Platel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.3382\/japr\/pfv041","article-title":"Organic acid blend in diets of broiler chickens challenged with Clostridium perfringens","volume":"24","author":"Pereira","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1017\/S0043933913000032","article-title":"Beneficial effects of phytoadditives in broiler nutrition","volume":"69","author":"Puva\u010da","year":"2013","journal-title":"Worlds Poult. Sci. J."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/82.4.632","article-title":"Perspectives on the use of organic acids and short chain fatty acids as antimicrobials","volume":"82","author":"Ricke","year":"2003","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib40","series-title":"SAS\/STAT User's Guide. Version 9.2","author":"SAS Institute","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mcp120","article-title":"Re-interpreting the role of endo-\u03b2-mannanases as mannan endotransglycosylase\/hydrolases in the plant cell wall","volume":"104","author":"Schr\u00f6der","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Bot."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/80.3.314","article-title":"The use of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy to predict the moisture, nitrogen, calcium, total phosphorus, gross energy, and phytate phosphorus contents of broiler excreta","volume":"80","author":"Smith","year":"2001","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib43","first-page":"1137","article-title":"Herbal feed additives in poultry","volume":"5","author":"Suganya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Sci. Env. Tech."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.151.12.355","article-title":"Incidence and antibiotic resistance of pathogenic Escherichia coli among poultry in Belgium","volume":"151","author":"Vandemaele","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s40781-017-0133-9","article-title":"Dietary inclusion effects of phytochemicals as growth promoters in animal production","volume":"59","author":"Valenzuela-Grijalva","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1080\/03079450600711045","article-title":"The use of organic acids to combat Salmonella in poultry: A mechanistic explanation of the efficacy","volume":"35","author":"Van Immerseel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.3382\/ps\/pey437_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/peu015","article-title":"Effect of dietary coarsely ground corn on broiler live performance, gastrointestinal tract development, apparent ileal digestibility of energy and nitrogen, and digesta particle size distribution and retention time","volume":"94","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey529","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559347200000}}],"container-title":["Poultry Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579119305644?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579119305644?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ps\/article-pdf\/98\/2\/904\/27783054\/pey437.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T20:39:07Z","timestamp":1758487147000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0032579119305644"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0032579119305644"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3382\/ps\/pey437","relation":{"erratum":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3382\/ps\/pey529","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0032-5791"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5791","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comparison of performance and feed digestibility of the non-antibiotic feed supplement (Novacid) and an antibiotic growth promoter in broiler chickens","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Poultry Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3382\/ps\/pey437","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3382\/ps\/pey529","name":"associatedlink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to the associated document"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2018 Poultry Science Association Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}