{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T04:10:11Z","timestamp":1777349411939,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Bioinform."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abundance profiles from metagenomic sequencing data synthesize information from billions of sequenced reads coming from thousands of microbial genomes. Analyzing and understanding these profiles can be a challenge since the data they represent are complex. Particularly challenging is their visualization, as existing techniques are inadequate when the taxa number is in the thousands. We present a technique, and accompanying software, for the visualization of metagenomic abundance profiles using a space-filling curve that transforms a profile into an interactive 2D image. We created Jasper, an easy to use tool for the visualization and exploration of metagenomic profiles from DNA sequencing data. It orders taxa using a space-filling Hilbert curve, and creates a \u201c<jats:italic>Microbiome Map<\/jats:italic>\u201d, where each position in the image represents the abundance of a single taxon from a reference collection. Jasper can order taxa in multiple ways, and the resulting <jats:italic>microbiome maps<\/jats:italic> can highlight \u201chot spots\u201d of microbes that are dominant in taxonomic clades or biological conditions. We use Jasper to visualize samples from a variety of microbiome studies, and discuss ways in which <jats:italic>microbiome maps<\/jats:italic> can be an invaluable tool to visualize spatial, temporal, disease, and differential profiles. Our approach can create detailed <jats:italic>microbiome maps<\/jats:italic> involving hundreds of thousands of microbial reference genomes with the potential to unravel latent relationships (taxonomic, spatio-temporal, functional, and other) that could remain hidden using traditional visualization techniques. The maps can also be converted into animated movies that bring to life the dynamicity of microbiomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fbinf.2023.1154588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T15:59:56Z","timestamp":1687190396000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Microbiome maps: Hilbert curve visualizations of metagenomic profiles"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Camilo","family":"Valdes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vitalii","family":"Stebliankin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Ruiz-Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji In","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hajeong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giri","family":"Narasimhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1214\/18-AOAS1229","article-title":"Modeling association in microbial communities with clique loglinear models","volume":"13","author":"Adrian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. 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