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By integrating Policy-based Governance infrastructure, the system strengthens digital signature verification and resists tampering, even under Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) conditions. Evaluation on 1,000 official PDFs shows that the proposed framework achieves 93.1% detection of shadow attacks with 98.4% precision and only 1.6% false positives, compared to traditional PKI methods that failed to detect any tampering. The approach maintains efficiency, scalability, and cost-effectiveness, providing a resilient foundation for secure, transparent, and trustworthy e-governance services.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fbloc.2025.1699773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T06:40:59Z","timestamp":1765348859000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Securing E-governance: a blockchain-based framework for tamper-proof PDF document exchange"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Mishra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Ganesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"19","article-title":"A blockchain-based secure mutual authentication system for e-government services","author":"Al-Ameri","year":"2023"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102820","article-title":"Attributes impacting cybersecurity policy development: an evidence from seven nations","volume":"120","author":"Alok Mishra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. 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