{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T11:35:29Z","timestamp":1772710529850,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Digit. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adolescence is a vulnerable developmental period, characterized by high rates of mental health concerns, yet few adolescents receive treatment. Public libraries support adolescents by providing them with access to teen programming, technological resources, and have recently been providing mental health services. Digital mental health (DMH) services may help libraries provide scalable mental health solutions for their adolescent patrons and could be well positioned to address the mental health needs of historically underrepresented racial and ethnic (HURE) adolescents; however, little research has been conducted on the compatibility of DMH services with adolescent patron mental health needs or resource needs of library workers supporting them.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The research team formed a partnership with a public library, which serves a large HURE adolescent population. We conducted needs assessment and implementation readiness interviews with 17 library workers, including leadership, librarians, and workers with specialized areas of practice. Interview questions focused on library infrastructure, as well as library needs and preferences around the design and implementation of DMH services for adolescents. We used the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research as guiding implementation determinant framework to code and analyze the interview transcripts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings revealed library workers play an important role in guiding patrons to desired resources and share a goal of implementing adolescent DMH resources into the library and elevating marginalized adolescents\u2019 voices. Existing library resources, such as the library's role as a safe space for adolescents in the community, close relationships with external and community organizations, and availability of no-cost technological resources, could help facilitate the implementation of DMH services. Barriers related to community buy-in, mental health stigma, and library worker confidence in supporting adolescent mental health could affect service implementation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest public libraries are highly promising settings to deploy DMH services for adolescents. We identified important determinants that may impact the implementation of DMH services in public library settings. Special considerations are needed to design services to meet the mental health needs of HURE adolescent populations and those adolescents\u2019 most experiencing health inequities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2023.1183319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T22:28:01Z","timestamp":1690324081000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["\u201cThe library is so much more than books\u201d: considerations for the design and implementation of teen digital mental health services in public libraries"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Ashley A.","family":"Knapp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Hersch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Clarisa","family":"Wijaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kaylee P.","family":"Kruzan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Allison J.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sydney","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alanna","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vann","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Simmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Deepika","family":"Kour Sodhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nanette","family":"Hannah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Madhu","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Niranjan S.","family":"Karnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Justin D.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C. Hendricks","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Mohr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","year":""},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2016.01.006","article-title":"Association of lifetime mental disorders and subsequent alcohol and illicit drug use: results from the national comorbidity survey-adolescent supplement","volume":"55","author":"Conway","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2009.85","article-title":"Childhood and adolescent psychiatric disorders as predictors of young adult disorders","volume":"66","author":"Copeland","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201800332","article-title":"Increased rates of mental health service utilization by U.S. college students: 10-year population-level trends (2007\u20132017)","volume":"70","author":"Lipson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"key":"B5","author":"Vogel","year":""},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e209","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.3147","article-title":"Web-based intervention programs for depression: a scoping review and evaluation","volume":"16","author":"Renton","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.18203\/2394-6040.ijcmph20160647","article-title":"A cross sectional study to assess the effects of excessive use of smartphones among professional college going students","volume":"3","author":"Rai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Commun Med Public Health"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.04.042","article-title":"The stigma of mental illness in children and adolescents: a systematic review","volume":"243","author":"Kaushik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.3414\/ME15-22-0005","article-title":"Digital medicine and biomedical informatics: what\u2019s in a name?","volume":"55","author":"Shortliffe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Methods Inf Med"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e25847","DOI":"10.2196\/25847","article-title":"Evidence on digital mental health interventions for adolescents and young people: systematic overview","volume":"8","author":"Lehtimaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"JMIR Ment Health"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697072","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2021.697072","article-title":"Digital mental health for young people: a scoping review of ethical promises and challenges","volume":"3","author":"Wies","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Digit Health"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7893.2008.00066.x","article-title":"Providing online support for young people with mental health difficulties: challenges and opportunities explored","volume":"2","author":"Webb","year":"2008","journal-title":"Early Interv Psychiatry"},{"key":"B13","first-page":"1673","article-title":"Teens, social media & technology","volume":"31","author":"Anderson","year":"2018"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12663","article-title":"Annual research review: digital health interventions for children and young people with mental health problems\u2014a systematic and meta-review","volume":"58","author":"Hollis","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-020-00339-7","article-title":"Preventive digital mental health interventions for children and young people: a review of the design and reporting of research","volume":"3","author":"Bergin","year":"2020","journal-title":"NPJ Digit Med"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e176","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.7332","article-title":"Mental health mobile apps for preadolescents and adolescents: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Grist","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e153","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.7725","article-title":"Accelerating digital mental health research from early design and creation to successful implementation and sustainment","volume":"19","author":"Mohr","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"B18","first-page":"51","article-title":"Equal access as social equity: a literature review of programming and services in public libraries","volume":"47","author":"Kosmicki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Progress Libr"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1177\/0961000614532861","article-title":"Understanding the librarian\/user gap in perception of health information services: a phenomenographic approach","volume":"47","author":"Yi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Libr Inform Sci"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.32481\/djph.2020.09.014","article-title":"Developing a model policy for public libraries to address homelessness & mental illness","volume":"6","author":"Barone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dela J Public Health"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2020.306004","article-title":"Public libraries as key partners for advancing health equity","volume":"111","author":"Simon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1080\/01616846.2017.1275772","article-title":"Public libraries, serious mental illness, and homelessness: a survey of public librarians","volume":"36","author":"Pressley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Public Libr Quarter"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1080\/01930826.2021.1984137","article-title":"Library services and resources in support of mental health: a survey of initiatives in public and academic libraries","volume":"61","author":"Hall","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Libr Admin"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2030","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2016.0724","article-title":"Beyond books: public libraries as partners for population health","volume":"35","author":"Morgan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Aff"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1093\/sw\/swab032","article-title":"Library patrons\u2019 psychosocial needs: perceptions of need and reasons for accessing social work services","volume":"66","author":"Wahler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soc Work"},{"key":"B26","year":""},{"key":"B27","year":""},{"key":"B28","year":""},{"key":"B29","author":"Swarbrick","year":""},{"key":"B30","year":""},{"key":"B31","year":""},{"key":"B32","year":""},{"key":"B33","author":"Zickuhr","year":""},{"key":"B34","author":"Horrigan","year":""},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1177\/09610006209177","article-title":"What knowledge and attitudes inform public librarians\u2019 interactions with library patrons in crisis?","volume":"53","author":"Williams","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Libr Inform Sci"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-4-50","article-title":"Fostering implementation of health services research findings into practice: a consolidated framework for advancing implementation science","volume":"4","author":"Damschroder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"B37","year":""},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10201","DOI":"10.1002\/lrh2.10201","article-title":"CFIR Simplified: pragmatic application of and adaptations to the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR) for evaluation of a patient-centered care transformation within a learning health system","volume":"4","author":"Safaeinili","year":"2020","journal-title":"Learn Health Syst"},{"key":"B39","volume-title":"Contextual frameworks for research on the implementation of complex system interventions [Internet]","author":"Rojas Smith","year":"2014"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JHQ.0000460121.06309.f9","article-title":"A framework to guide implementation research for care transitions interventions","volume":"37","author":"Dy","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Healthc Qual"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1097\/QMH.0000000000000158","article-title":"Framework for research on implementation of process redesigns","volume":"27","author":"Ashok","year":"2018","journal-title":"Qual Manag Health Care"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s43058-022-00276-4","article-title":"A stakeholder-driven method for selecting implementation strategies: a case example of pediatric hypertension clinical practice guideline implementation","volume":"3","author":"Knapp","year":"","journal-title":"Implement Sci Commun Mar"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-018-0761-6","article-title":"A methodology for generating a tailored implementation blueprint: an exemplar from a youth residential setting","volume":"13","author":"Lewis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s40501-019-00181-z","article-title":"Use of digital mental health for marginalized and underserved populations","volume":"6","author":"Schueller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Psychiatry"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e25456","DOI":"10.2196\/25456","article-title":"It is time to REACT: opportunities for digital mental health apps to reduce mental health disparities in racially and ethnically minoritized groups","volume":"8","author":"Friis-Healy","year":"2021","journal-title":"JMIR Ment Health"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e46","DOI":"10.2196\/mhealth.3660","article-title":"Qualitative feedback from a text messaging intervention for depression: benefits, drawbacks, and cultural differences","volume":"2","author":"Aguilera","year":"2014","journal-title":"JMIR Mhealth Uhealth"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24393","DOI":"10.2196\/24393","article-title":"Development of a mobile app to support self-management of anxiety and depression in African American women: usability study","volume":"5","author":"McCall","year":"2021","journal-title":"JMIR Form Res"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028408","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2022.1028408","article-title":"Recommendations for design of a mobile application to support management of anxiety and depression among black American women","volume":"4","author":"McCall","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Digit Health"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34044","DOI":"10.2196\/34044","article-title":"Examining hashtag use of #blackboyjoy and #theblackmancan and related content on Instagram: descriptive content analysis","volume":"6","author":"Williams","year":"2022","journal-title":"JMIR Form Res"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e38716","DOI":"10.2196\/38716","article-title":"Insights into needs and preferences for mental health support on social Media and through Mobile apps among black male university students: exploratory qualitative study","volume":"6","author":"Williams","year":"2022","journal-title":"JMIR Form Res"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e30","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.1602","article-title":"Supportive accountability: a model for providing human support to enhance adherence to eHealth interventions","volume":"13","author":"Mohr","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.52.2.250","article-title":"Quality and trustworthiness in qualitative research in counseling psychology","volume":"52","author":"Morrow","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Counsel Psychol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-022-01245-0","article-title":"The updated consolidated framework for implementation research based on user feedback","volume":"17","author":"Damschroder","year":"2022","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113429","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health of children and adolescents: a narrative review with recommendations","volume":"293","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2021.05.003","article-title":"Mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents: a review of the current research","volume":"68","author":"Meade","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.2482","article-title":"Global prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents during COVID-19: a meta-analysis","volume":"175","author":"Racine","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpra.2019.10.004","article-title":"Use of technology to provide mental health care for racial and ethnic minorities: evidence, promise, and challenges","volume":"29","author":"Ramos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cogn Behav Pract"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-020-01041-8","article-title":"The implementation research logic model: a method for planning, executing, reporting, and synthesizing implementation projects","volume":"15","author":"Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-015-0089-9","article-title":"An introduction to implementation science for the non-specialist","volume":"3","author":"Bauer","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Psychol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Digital Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fdgth.2023.1183319\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T22:28:09Z","timestamp":1690324089000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fdgth.2023.1183319\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fdgth.2023.1183319"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fdgth.2023.1183319","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-253X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2673-253X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]]},"article-number":"1183319"}}