{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T05:22:20Z","timestamp":1780377740401,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Digit. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mental health disorders and cognitive decline are pressing global concerns, increasing the demand for non-pharmacological interventions targeting emotional dysregulation, memory deficits, and neural dysfunction. This review systematically examines three promising methodologies\u2014music therapy, brainwave entrainment (binaural beats, isochronic tones, multisensory stimulation), and their integration into a unified therapeutic paradigm. Emerging evidence indicates that music therapy modulates affect, reduces stress, and enhances cognition by engaging limbic, prefrontal, and reward circuits. Brainwave entrainment, particularly within the gamma frequency range (30\u2013100\u2005Hz), facilitates neural oscillatory patterns linked to relaxation, concentration, and memory, with 40\u2005Hz showing promise for cognitive enhancement, albeit with individual variability. Synchronized multisensory stimulation, combining auditory and visual inputs at gamma frequencies, has demonstrated potential in enhancing memory and supporting neural integrity, particularly in Alzheimer's disease. However, challenges such as patient response variability, lack of standardization, and scalability hinder widespread implementation. Recent research suggests that a synergistic application of these modalities may optimize therapeutic outcomes by leveraging complementary mechanisms. To actualize this, AI-driven biofeedback, enabling real-time physiological assessment and individualized adjustments\u2014such as tailoring musical complexity, entrainment frequencies, and multisensory components\u2014emerges as a promising solution. This adaptive model enhances treatment accessibility and consistency while maximizing long-term efficacy. Although in early stages, preliminary evidence highlights its transformative potential in reshaping non-pharmacological therapeutic strategies. Advancing this field requires interdisciplinary research, rigorous evaluation, and ethical data stewardship to develop innovative, patient-centered solutions for mental health and cognitive rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2025.1552396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T06:52:27Z","timestamp":1740466347000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Advancing personalized digital therapeutics: integrating music therapy, brainwave entrainment methods, and AI-driven biofeedback"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Dian","family":"Jiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930241279888","article-title":"Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia: mechanisms, treatment, and future directions","volume":"19","author":"Mok","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2012.06.011","article-title":"Yogic meditation reverses NF-\u03baB and IRF-related transcriptome dynamics in leukocytes of family dementia caregivers in a randomized controlled trial","volume":"38","author":"Black","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PSY.0000077505.67574.E3","article-title":"Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation","volume":"65","author":"Davidson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2010.02.025","article-title":"From alpha to gamma: electrophysiological correlates of meditation-related states of consciousness","volume":"75","author":"Fell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2015.09.018","article-title":"A systematic review of the neurophysiology of mindfulness on EEG oscillations","volume":"57","author":"Lomas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11060801","article-title":"Influence of binaural beats stimulation of gamma frequency over memory performance and EEG spectral density","volume":"11","author":"Borges","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthcare (Switzerland)"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2014.10.010","article-title":"Analysis of EEG activity in response to binaural beats with different frequencies","volume":"94","author":"Gao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Psychophysiol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0286023","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0286023","article-title":"Binaural beats to entrain the brain? 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