{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T22:06:30Z","timestamp":1771625190271,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Comput. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mounting experimental evidence suggests the hypothesis that brain-state-specific neural mechanisms, supported by the connectome shaped by evolution, could play a crucial role in integrating past and contextual knowledge with the current, incoming flow of evidence (e.g., from sensory systems). These mechanisms would operate across multiple spatial and temporal scales, necessitating dedicated support at the levels of individual neurons and synapses. A notable feature within the neocortex is the structure of large, deep pyramidal neurons, which exhibit a distinctive separation between an apical dendritic compartment and a basal dendritic\/perisomatic compartment. This separation is characterized by distinct patterns of incoming connections and three brain-state-specific activation mechanisms, namely, apical-amplification, -isolation, and drive, which have been proposed to be associated - with wakefulness, deeper NREM sleep stages, and REM sleep, respectively. The cognitive roles of apical mechanisms have been supported by experiments in behaving animals. In contrast, classical models of learning in spiking networks are based on single-compartment neurons, lacking the ability to describe the integration of apical and basal\/somatic information. This work provides the computational community with a two-compartment spiking neuron model that supports the proposed forms of brain-state-specific activity. A machine learning evolutionary algorithm, guided by a set of fitness functions, selected parameters defining neurons that express the desired apical dendritic mechanisms. The resulting spiking model can be further approximated by a piece-wise linear transfer function (ThetaPlanes) for use in large-scale bio-inspired artificial intelligence systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2025.1566196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T10:09:46Z","timestamp":1747735786000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Simplified two-compartment neuron with calcium dynamics capturing brain-state specific apical-amplification, -isolation and -drive"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Pastorelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alper","family":"Yegenoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Kolodziej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Willem","family":"Wybo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Simula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Diaz-Pier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Johan Frederik","family":"Storm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pier Stanislao","family":"Paolucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/EMPDP.2019.8671560","article-title":"\u201cArbor \u2013 a morphologically-detailed neural network simulation library for contemporary high-performance computing architectures,\u201d","volume-title":"2019 27th Euromicro International Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing (PDP)","author":"Abi Akar","year":"2019"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.05.18.541285","article-title":"High-density exploration of activity states in a multi-area brain model","author":"Aquilu\u00e9-Llorens","year":"2023","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2020.09.018","article-title":"Apical drive\u2014a cellular mechanism of dreaming?","volume":"119","author":"Aru","year":"","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2020.07.006","article-title":"Cellular mechanisms of conscious processing","volume":"24","author":"Aru","year":"","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1217645111","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying subunit independence in pyramidal neuron dendrites","volume":"111","author":"Behabadi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.07.002","article-title":"Single cortical neurons as deep artificial neural networks","volume":"109","author":"Beniaguev","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10464","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-24-10464.1998","article-title":"Synaptic modifications in cultured hippocampal neurons: dependence on spike timing, synaptic strength, and postsynaptic cell type","volume":"18","author":"Bi","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1189664","article-title":"Dendritic discrimination of temporal input sequences in cortical neurons","volume":"329","author":"Branco","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci. Signal"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3637","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00686.2005","article-title":"Adaptive exponential integrate-and-fire model as an effective description of neuronal activity","volume":"94","author":"Brette","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008925309027","article-title":"Dynamics of sparsely connected networks of excitatory and inhibitory spiking neurons","volume":"8","author":"Brunel","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Comput. Neurosci"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22488","article-title":"Hippocampal sharp wave-ripple: a cognitive biomarker for episodic memory and planning","volume":"25","author":"Buzs\u00e1ki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.03.045","article-title":"Functional connectivity dynamically evolves on multiple time-scales over a static structural connectome: models and mechanisms","volume":"160","author":"Cabral","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-04580-0","article-title":"Simulations approaching data: cortical slow waves in inferred models of the whole hemisphere of mouse","volume":"6","author":"Capone","year":"","journal-title":"Commun. Biol"},{"key":"B14","first-page":"2625","article-title":"Burst-dependent plasticity and dendritic amplification support target-based learning and hierarchical imitation learning","volume":"162","author":"Capone","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. Mach. Learn. Res"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2220743120","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2220743120","article-title":"Beyond spiking networks: The computational advantages of dendritic amplification and input segregation","volume":"120","author":"Capone","year":"","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-45525-0","article-title":"Sleep-like slow oscillations improve visual classification through synaptic homeostasis and memory association in a thalamo-cortical model","volume":"9","author":"Capone","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhx326","article-title":"Slow waves in cortical slices: how spontaneous activity is shaped by laminar structure","volume":"29","author":"Capone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511541612","author":"Carnevale","year":"2006","journal-title":"The NEURON Book"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14251","article-title":"Branch-specific dendritic Ca2+ spikes cause persistent synaptic plasticity","volume":"520","author":"Cichon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2006.10.047","article-title":"Predicting neuronal activity with simple models of the threshold type: adaptive exponential integrate-and-fire model with two compartments","volume":"70","author":"Clopath","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2211.06889","article-title":"Nrem and rem: cognitive and energetic gains in thalamo-cortical sleeping and awake spiking model","author":"De Luca","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2211.06889"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s10827-009-0164-4","article-title":"Self-sustained asynchronous irregular states and up-down states in thalamic, cortical and thalamocortical networks of nonlinear integrate-and-fire neurons","volume":"27","author":"Destexhe","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Comput. Neurosci"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1162\/neco_a_01173","article-title":"Biologically realistic mean-field models of conductance-based networks of spiking neurons with adaptation","volume":"31","author":"di Volo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neural Comput"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00279-3","article-title":"Sleep enhances plasticity in the developing visual cortex","volume":"30","author":"Frank","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781107447615","volume-title":"Neuronal Dynamics: From Single Neurons to Networks and Models of Cognition","author":"Gerstner","year":"2014"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.4249\/scholarpedia.1430","article-title":"NEST (NEural Simulation Tool)","volume":"2","author":"Gewaltig","year":"2007","journal-title":"Scholarpedia"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1009045","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1009045","article-title":"Thalamo-cortical spiking model of incremental learning combining perception, context and nrem-sleep","volume":"17","author":"Golosio","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3697","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-09-03697.2003","article-title":"Learning input correlations through nonlinear temporally asymmetric hebbian plasticity","volume":"23","author":"G\u00fctig","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e159","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060159","article-title":"The human connectome: a structural description of the human brain","volume":"6","author":"Hagmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1002107","article-title":"Models of neocortical layer 5b pyramidal cells capturing a wide range of dendritic and perisomatic active properties","volume":"7","author":"Hay","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7101(84)90008-4","article-title":"Efficient computation of branched nerve equations","volume":"15","author":"Hines","year":"1984","journal-title":"Int. J. Biomed. Comput"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbot.2022.846219","article-title":"Avoiding catastrophe: active dendrites enable multi-task learning in dynamic environments","volume":"16","author":"Iyer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Neurorob"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3178","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.10-09-03178.1990","article-title":"Voltage dependence of NMDA-activated macroscopic conductances predicted by single-channel kinetics","volume":"10","author":"Jahr","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn4000","article-title":"Finding the engram","volume":"16","author":"Josselyn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-53702-7.00007-5","article-title":"Effects of sleep deprivation on cognition","volume":"185","author":"Killgore","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.5.1015","article-title":"Reduction of the Hodgkin-Huxley equations to a single-variable threshold model","volume":"1045","author":"Kistler","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neural Comput"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2012.11.006","article-title":"A cellular mechanism for cortical associations: an organizing principle for the cerebral cortex","volume":"36","author":"Larkum","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2022.02.009","article-title":"The guide to dendritic spikes of the mammalian cortex in vitro and in vivo","volume":"489","author":"Larkum","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1171958","article-title":"Synaptic integration in tuft dendrites of layer 5 pyramidal neurons: a new unifying principle","volume":"325","author":"Larkum","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhh065","article-title":"Top-down dendritic input increases the gain of layer 5 pyramidal neurons","volume":"14","author":"Larkum","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1038\/18686","article-title":"A new cellular mechanism for coupling inputs arriving at different cortical layers","volume":"398","author":"Larkum","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1139\/y82-039","article-title":"The effects of l-glutamate and its analogues upon the membrane conductance of central murine neurones in culture","volume":"60","author":"MacDonald","year":"1982","journal-title":"Canad. J. Physiol. Pharmacol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-062111-150343","article-title":"Active properties of neocortical pyramidal neuron dendrites","volume":"36","author":"Major","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Neurosci"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2584","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00011.2008","article-title":"Spatiotemporally graded NMDA spike\/plateau potentials in basal dendrites of neocortical pyramidal neurons","volume":"99","author":"Major","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1126\/science.275.5297.213","article-title":"Regulation of synaptic efficacy by coincidence of postsynaptic aps and epsps","volume":"275","author":"Markram","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2015.08.057","article-title":"Contextual feedback to superficial layers of v1","volume":"25","author":"Muckli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Biol"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2014.00090","article-title":"Spike-timing prediction in cortical neurons with active dendrites","volume":"8","author":"Naud","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Comput. Neurosci"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3389\/fninf.2018.00032","article-title":"Toward rigorous parameterization of underconstrained neural network models through interactive visualization and steering of connectivity generation","volume":"12","author":"Nowke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Neuroinform"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-35747-8","article-title":"Introducing the Dendrify framework for incorporating dendrites to spiking neural networks","volume":"14","author":"Pagkalos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2023.08.010","article-title":"The representation of occluded image regions in area v1 of monkeys and humans","volume":"33","author":"Papale","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Biol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2019.00033","article-title":"Scaling of a large-scale simulation of synchronous slow-wave and asynchronous awake-like activity of a cortical model with long-range interconnections","volume":"13","author":"Pastorelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Syst. Neurosci"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198876984.001.0001","author":"Phillips","year":"2023","journal-title":"The Cooperative Neuron: Cellular Foundations of Mental Life"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2024.09.002","article-title":"Cellular psychology: relating cognition to context-sensitive pyramidal cells","volume":"29","author":"Phillips","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"niw015","DOI":"10.1093\/nc\/niw015","article-title":"The effects of arousal on apical amplification and conscious state","volume":"2016","author":"Phillips","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci. Consc"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00962717","article-title":"Intrinsic and network rhythmogenesis in a reduced traub model for CA3 neurons","volume":"1","author":"Pinsky","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Comput. Neurosci"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00148-X","article-title":"Arithmetic of subthreshold synaptic summation in a model CA1 pyramidal cell","volume":"37","author":"Poirazi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004275","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004275","article-title":"Automated high-throughput characterization of single neurons by means of simplified spiking models","volume":"11","author":"Pozzorini","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6704","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3791-05.2006","article-title":"The properties and implications of NMDA spikes in neocortical pyramidal cells","volume":"26","author":"Rhodes","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/s004220050570","article-title":"Exact digital simulation of time-invariant linear systems with applications to neuronal modeling","volume":"81","author":"Rotter","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol. Cybern"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1038\/35005094","article-title":"NMDA spikes in basal dendrites of cortical pyramidal neurons","volume":"1261","author":"Schiller","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5492.744","article-title":"Untangling dendrites with quantitative models","volume":"290","author":"Segev","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)03007-9","article-title":"Why do we sleep?","volume":"886","author":"Sejnowski","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004090","article-title":"Physiology of layer 5 pyramidal neurons in mouse primary visual cortex: coincidence detection through bursting","volume":"11","author":"Shai","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2015.00098","article-title":"A simple transfer function for nonlinear dendritic integration","volume":"9","author":"Singh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Comput. Neurosci"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1038\/78829","article-title":"Competitive hebbian learning through spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity","volume":"3","author":"Song","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.0010042","article-title":"The human connectome: A structural description of the human brain","author":"Sporns","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5281\/zenodo.6368024","author":"Spreizer","year":"2022","journal-title":"NEST 3.3 (3.3)"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e47314","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.47314","article-title":"Brian 2, an intuitive and efficient neural simulator","volume":"8","author":"Stimberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.02.004","article-title":"An integrative, multiscale view on neural theories of consciousness","volume":"112","author":"Storm","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.01.024","article-title":"General anesthesia decouples cortical pyramidal neurons","volume":"180","author":"Suzuki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-5529-2_1","article-title":"\u201cLearning to learn: Introduction and overview,\u201d","volume-title":"Learning to Learn","author":"Thrun","year":"1998"},{"key":"B72","volume-title":"Learning to Learn","author":"Thrun","year":"2012"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.12.025","article-title":"Sleep and the price of plasticity: from synaptic and cellular homeostasis to memory consolidation and integration","volume":"81","author":"Tononi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.14335","article-title":"Sleep and synaptic down-selection","volume":"51","author":"Tononi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.13-05-02199.1993","article-title":"Control of firing mode of corticotectal and corticopontine layer v burst-generating neurons by norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and 1 s,3r-acpd","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.03.036","article-title":"Network homeostasis and state dynamics of neocortical sleep","volume":"90","author":"Watson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4231","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3648-15.2016","article-title":"Synaptic mechanisms of memory consolidation during sleep slow oscillations","volume":"36","author":"Wei","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e60936","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.60936","article-title":"Data-driven reduction of dendritic morphologies with preserved dendro-somatic responses","volume":"10","author":"Wybo","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.01.074","article-title":"Electrical compartmentalization in neurons","volume":"26","author":"Wybo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2587","DOI":"10.1162\/NECO_a_00788","article-title":"A sparse reformulation of the green's function formalism allows efficient simulations of morphological neuron models","volume":"27","author":"Wybo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neural Comput"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s00422-013-0568-0","article-title":"The Green's function formalism as a bridge between single- and multi-compartmental modeling","volume":"107","author":"Wybo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol. Cybern"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2300558120","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2300558120","article-title":"NMDA-driven dendritic modulation enables multitask representation learning in hierarchical sensory processing pathways","volume":"120","author":"Wybo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-64580-9_7","article-title":"\u201cEnsemble kalman filter optimizing deep neural networks: an alternative approach to non-performing gradient descent,\u201d","volume-title":"Machine Learning, Optimization, and Data Science: 6th International Conference, LOD 2020, Siena, Italy, July 19\u201323, 2020, Revised Selected Papers, Part II 6","author":"Yegenoglu","year":"2020"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885207","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2022.885207","article-title":"Exploring parameter and hyper-parameter spaces of neuroscience models on high performance computers with learning to learn","volume":"16","author":"Yegenoglu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Comput. Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fncom.2025.1566196\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T10:09:50Z","timestamp":1747735790000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fncom.2025.1566196\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"references-count":84,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fncom.2025.1566196"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncom.2025.1566196","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-5188"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-5188","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"article-number":"1566196"}}