{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T17:39:41Z","timestamp":1767980381341,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]],"date-time":"2023-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007917","name":"Agricultural Research Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007917","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008762","name":"Genome Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008762","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Artif. Intell."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The computational modeling of food processing, aimed at various applications including industrial automation, robotics, food safety, preservation, energy conservation, and recipe nutrition estimation, has been ongoing for decades within food science research labs, industry, and regulatory agencies. The datasets from this prior work have the potential to advance the field of data-driven modeling if they can be harmonized, but this requires a standardized language as a starting point. Our primary goal is to explore two interdependent aspects of this language: the granularity of process modeling sub-parts and parameter details and the substitution of compatible inputs and processes. A delicate semantic distinction\u2014categorizing planned processes based on the objectives they seek to fulfill vs. categorizing them by the actions or mechanisms they utilize\u2014helps organize and facilitate this endeavor. To bring an ontological lens to process modeling, we employ the Open Biological and Biomedical Ontology Foundry ontological framework to organize two main classes of the FoodOn upper-level material processing hierarchy according to objective and mechanism, respectively. We include examples of material processing by mechanism, ranging from abstract ones such as \u201capplication of energy\u201d down to specific classes such as \u201cheating by microwave.\u201d Similarly, material processing by objective\u2014often a transformation to bring about materials with certain qualities or composition\u2014can, for example, range from \u201cmaterial processing by heating threshold\u201d to \u201csteaming rice\u201d.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/frai.2023.1137961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]],"date-time":"2023-07-04T10:33:47Z","timestamp":1688466827000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ontological how and why: action and objective of planned processes in the food domain"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Damion","family":"Dooley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tarini","family":"Naravane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0154556","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0154556","article-title":"The Ontology for Biomedical Investigations","volume":"11","author":"Bandrowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B2","unstructured":""},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199652952.003.0004","article-title":"\u201cSurfaces and surfactants,\u201d","volume-title":"Soft Matter Physics","author":"Doi","year":"2013"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3233\/SW-223096","article-title":"Food process ontology requirements","volume":"22","author":"Dooley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Semant. 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