{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T11:15:42Z","timestamp":1771931742502,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Artif. Intell."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Human history has been shaped by revolutions of varying pace, with artificial intelligence (AI) emerging in mere decades. This paper introduces a preliminary framework for fostering a symbiotic human\u2013AI relationship by integrating human free will into AI systems. We conceptualize free will as \u2018structured unpredictability\u2019 and propose a speculative extension of Shannon\u2019s information theory to model its informational contributions. By framing free will as an informational surplus, we envision AI as a mirror and amplifier of human creativity. While theoretical, this framework lays the foundation for future empirical and computational research to preserve human autonomy and diversity in AI-driven systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/frai.2026.1694537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T14:18:38Z","timestamp":1770992318000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Free will as structured unpredictability: toward a symbiotic human\u2013AI relationship"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Mory","family":"Ghomshei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnotech Energy Inc","place":["Vancouver, BC, Canada"]},{"name":"2w2e Environmental Consulting GmbH","place":["D\u00fcbendorf, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karim C.","family":"Abbaspour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2w2e Environmental Consulting GmbH","place":["D\u00fcbendorf, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Nicomachean ethics","year":"1926"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.3998\/ergo.12405314.0003.023","article-title":"Free will skepticism and the question of creativity: creativity, desert, and self-creation","volume":"3","author":"Caruso","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ergo, Open Access J. 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