{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T02:02:43Z","timestamp":1772503363814,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Robot. AI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Metaverse has been confirmed as a relatively amorphous concept of innovation, which refers to technological advancement. Metaverse, i.e., a coalition between reality world and virtual world, has created significant significance and convenience in education, communication, economy, etc. The COVID-19 outbreak has stimulated the growth of metaverse applications in medicine. The above-mentioned technology has broad applications while comprising online remote medical treatment, online conferences, medical education, preparation of surgical plans, etc. Moreover, technical, security, and financial challenges should be tackled down by the future widespread use of metaverse. Metaverse is limitlessly promising, and it will exert a certain effect on future scientific and technological advancements in the medical industry. The review article primarily aims to summarize the application of the metaverse in medicine and their challenge in the future of medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2023.1291199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T10:04:38Z","timestamp":1702289078000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Application and challenges of a metaverse in medicine"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yingshu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Congcong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lai","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hongfei","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-022-4255-1","article-title":"Metaverse and oral health promotion","volume":"232","author":"Albujeer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. Dent. J."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-05197-7","article-title":"Internet addiction and associated factors among undergraduate students of Jimma University; Jimma, South West Ethiopia, institutional based cross-sectional study","author":"Amano","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-019-0937-8","article-title":"The application of virtual reality and augmented reality in Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"19","author":"Ayoub","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2178","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-05920-6","article-title":"Patents and intellectual property assets as non-fungible tokens; key technologies and challenges","volume":"12","author":"Bamakan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2015.0407","article-title":"American thyroid association statement on remote-access thyroid surgery","volume":"26","author":"Berber","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-022-04202-x","article-title":"Virtual and augmented reality in critical care medicine: the patient's, clinician's, and researcher's perspective","volume":"26","author":"Bruno","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682221085643","article-title":"Into the spine metaverse: reflections on a future metaspine (Uni-)verse","volume":"12","author":"Chapman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glob. Spine J."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"020918","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4027017","article-title":"Augmented reality for improving catheterization in magnetic resonance imaging-guided cardiac electrophysiology therapy","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. Devices"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging9010011","article-title":"Visualization and cybersecurity in the metaverse: a survey","volume":"9","author":"Chow","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Imaging"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00183","article-title":"Avatars, people, and virtual worlds: foundations for research in metaverses","volume":"10","author":"Davis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Assoc. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5503","DOI":"10.3390\/s23125503","article-title":"A cost-driven method for deep-learning-based hardware trojan detection","volume":"23","author":"Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel)."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/jbhi.2023.3272021","article-title":"Distributed medical data storage mechanism based on proof of retrievability and vector commitment for metaverse services","author":"Fang","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inf."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691615592234","article-title":"Do angry birds make for angry children? A meta-analysis of video game influences on children's and adolescents' aggression, mental health, prosocial behavior, and academic performance","volume":"10","author":"Ferguson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Perspect. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34276","DOI":"10.2196\/34276","article-title":"Application of nonfungible tokens to health care. Comment on \u201cblockchain technology projects to provide telemedical services: systematic review\u201d","volume":"24","author":"Gambril","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Med. Internet Res."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnx109","article-title":"Innovative technology using virtual reality in the treatment of pain: does it reduce pain via distraction, or is there more to it?","volume":"19","author":"Gupta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain Med."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/s0741-5214(03)00604-9","article-title":"Three-dimensional reconstruction of autologous vein bypass graft distal anastomoses imaged with magnetic resonance: clinical and research applications","volume":"38","author":"Jackson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Surg."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3352\/jeehp.2021.18.22","article-title":"No difference in learning outcomes and usability between using controllers and hand tracking during a virtual reality endotracheal intubation training for medical students in Thailand","volume":"18","author":"Khundam","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Educ. Eval. Health Prof."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.3352\/jeehp.2021.18.33","article-title":"Training in lung cancer surgery through the metaverse, including extended reality, in the smart operating room of Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Korea","volume":"18","author":"Koo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Educ. Eval. Health Prof."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-022-4003-6","article-title":"Dentistry in the metaverse","volume":"232","author":"Kurian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. Dent. J."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3352\/jeehp.2021.18.32","article-title":"Educational applications of metaverse: possibilities and limitations","volume":"18","author":"Kye","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Educ. Eval. Health Prof."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/gastro\/gov027","article-title":"Computer vision and augmented reality in gastrointestinal endoscopy: figure 1","volume":"3","author":"Mahmud","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Rep. (Oxf)"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200204000-00005","article-title":"Transcontinental robot-assisted remote telesurgery: feasibility and potential applications","volume":"235","author":"Marescaux","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-023-02913-2","article-title":"A long distance telesurgical demonstration on robotic surgery phantoms over 5G","volume":"18","author":"Moustris","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Assist. Radiol. Surg."},{"key":"B24","article-title":"Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, development of AR technology-based spine surgery platform","year":"2021","journal-title":"Etoday"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk7030063","article-title":"The metaverse: a new challenge for the healthcare system: a scoping review","volume":"7","author":"Petrigna","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2456","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-02038-0","article-title":"Medical education in the metaverse","volume":"28","author":"Sandrone","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.03.061","article-title":"Problematic social media use and depressive symptoms among U.S. young adults: a nationally-representative study","volume":"182","author":"Shensa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2022.04.006","article-title":"The metaverse in cardiovascular medicine: applications, challenges and the role of non-fungible tokens","volume":"38","author":"Skalidis","year":"","journal-title":"Can. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2022.05.004","article-title":"CardioVerse: the cardiovascular medicine in the era of Metaverse","volume":"33","author":"Skalidis","year":"","journal-title":"Trends Cardiovasc Med."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1678611","article-title":"Three-dimensional printing for chest wall reconstruction in thoracic surgery: building on experience","volume":"68","author":"Smelt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Thorac. Cardiovasc Surg."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1097\/scs.0000000000007166","article-title":"Clinical application of carving template with 3D reconstruction technique for personalized and precise treatment of traumatic ear defects","volume":"32","author":"Song","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Craniofac Surg."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/s0262-4079(21)01450-0","article-title":"What is a metaverse","volume":"251","author":"Sparkes","year":"2023","journal-title":"New Sci."},{"key":"B33","unstructured":"Log in metaverse:human \u00d7 space \u00d7 the revolution of time2021"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e100825","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych-2022-100825","article-title":"Future of mental health in the metaverse","volume":"35","author":"Usmani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gen. Psychiatr."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-019-02996-0","article-title":"Is remote live urologic surgery a reality? Evidences from a systematic review of the literature","volume":"38","author":"Veneziano","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J. Urol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2013.01.021","article-title":"Stereoscopic augmented reality for da Vincii\u2122 robotic biliary surgery","volume":"4","author":"Volont\u00e9","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg. Case Rep."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e19487","DOI":"10.2196\/19487","article-title":"User perceptions of virtual hospital apps in China: systematic search","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR Mhealth Uhealth"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2022.110241","article-title":"The use of metaverse in fetal medicine and gynecology","volume":"150","author":"Werner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Radiol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.26516","article-title":"Three-dimensional printing-based personalized limb salvage and reconstruction treatment of pelvic tumors","volume":"124","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.auec.2022.08.002","article-title":"A scoping review of metaverse in emergency medicine","volume":"26","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Australas. Emerg. Care"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.auec.2022.08.002","article-title":"A scoping review of metaverse in emergency medicine","volume":"26","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Australas. Emerg. Care"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1673-4254.2016.04.021","article-title":"Computer-based three-dimensional reconstruction of lung cancer using 64-slice CT scanning data and virtual surgery","volume":"36","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nan Fang. Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2552","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-21-792","article-title":"Remote vascular interventional surgery robotics: a literature review","volume":"12","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Quant. Imaging Med. Surg."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5172","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-020-07823-x","article-title":"5G ultra-remote robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery in China","volume":"34","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surg. Endosc."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Robotics and AI"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/frobt.2023.1291199\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T10:04:44Z","timestamp":1702289084000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/frobt.2023.1291199\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/frobt.2023.1291199"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frobt.2023.1291199","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-9144"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-9144","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]]},"article-number":"1291199"}}