{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T21:54:29Z","timestamp":1775166869451,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Virtual Real."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is increasing use of head-worn displays to support immersive virtual reality (VR) experiences. However, users of such technology often encounter motion sickness-like effects, commonly termed cybersickness. The unpleasant effects of cybersickness can limit the duration of VR technology usage and deter return use after only one bad experience. One explanation of cybersickness is that it is a physiological responses to perceived differences between the visual and vestibular stimulation provided via VR technology and the user\u2019s current body positioning and movement, i.e., a mismatch between visual and vestibular senses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An exploratory user study is described that investigates the use of technology to influence vestibular cues and change experiences of cybersickness. A vestibular stimulation device using bone conduction was applied to users experiencing cybersickness induced by a VR roller-coaster in a head-worn display. Three conditions were tested: a control group without the device and two groups with the device configured to different vibration force levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results showed that users with the stronger vibration level, when compared to a control group, had different virtual environment experiences with longer ride durations and lower reported nausea scores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although limited by participant numbers, the results are promising for applying vestibular stimulation to positively influence cybersickness experiences in head-worn displays. Given the spreading application of VR technologies and the need to mitigate cybersickness, there is a need to further evaluate the efficacy of such devices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/frvir.2024.1478106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T06:58:11Z","timestamp":1737615491000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Exploring vestibular stimulation to reduce the influence of cybersickness on virtual reality experiences"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Shamus P.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugene","family":"Nalivaiko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sam","family":"Owen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Depireux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e29595","article-title":"CyPVICS: A framework to prevent or minimise cybersickness in immersive virtual clinical simulation","volume":"10","author":"Botha","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"B2","first-page":"61","article-title":"Habituation to virtual simulation sickness when volunteers are tested at weekly intervals","volume-title":"Human factors in the age of virtual reality","author":"Clemes","year":"2003"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-019-00407-8","article-title":"Effects of steering locomotion and teleporting on cybersickness and presence in HMD-based virtual reality","volume":"24","author":"Clifton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Virtual Real."},{"key":"B4","first-page":"1","article-title":"A systematic review of cybersickness","author":"Davis","year":"2014"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-020-00425-x","article-title":"Evaluating discrete viewpoint control to reduce cybersickness in virtual reality","volume":"24","author":"Farmani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Virtual Real."},{"key":"B6","first-page":"201","article-title":"Combating VR sickness through subtle dynamic field-of-view modification","author":"Fernandes","year":"2016"},{"key":"B7","unstructured":"Frisby stereotest\n          \n          \n            \n              Frisby\n              J.\n            \n          \n          \n          1983"},{"key":"B8","first-page":"1","article-title":"The effects of a vibro-kinetic multi-sensory experience in passive seated vehicular movement in a virtual reality context","author":"Gard\u00e9","year":"2018"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00338.2018","article-title":"A comparative study of cybersickness during exposure to virtual reality and \u201cclassic\u201d motion sickness: are they different?","volume":"10","author":"Gavgani","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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