{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,21]],"date-time":"2026-06-21T06:16:50Z","timestamp":1782022610410,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Allergy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We present a case of a 52-year-old patient suffering from multi-phasic life-threatening anaphylaxis refractory to epinephrine treatment. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy was initiated as the <jats:italic>ultima ratio<\/jats:italic> to stabilize the patient hemodynamically during episodic severe bronchospasm. ECMO treatment was successfully weaned after 4 days. Mastocytosis was diagnosed as the underlying condition. Although epinephrine is recommended as a first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, this impressive case provides clear evidence of its limited therapeutic success and emphasizes the need for causal therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/falgy.2022.934436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T05:32:35Z","timestamp":1659072755000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Multi-phasic life-threatening anaphylaxis refractory to epinephrine managed by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): A case 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