{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T04:59:47Z","timestamp":1790657987401,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Allergy"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oscillometry provides a non-invasive assessment of respiratory system mechanics and has shown potential for early detection of lung disease. However, differences in device hardware and signal processing may limit comparisons between devices. The objective of this study was to evaluate agreement between two commercial forced oscillometry devices, Tremoflo C-100 (Thorasys Medical Systems, Canada) and Resmon Pro (Restech srl, Italy) in patients with a spectrum of abnormal lung physiology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>49 patients with chronic lung disease and 27 healthy volunteers completed paired oscillometry using both devices in an alternating order. Measurements of resistance at 5\u2005Hz (R5), resistance between 5 and 19\u2005Hz (R5\u201319), reactance at 5\u2005Hz (X5), the resonant frequency of the lungs (Fres), and area of reactance (AX) were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, Bland\u2013Altman analysis, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and effect size calculations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Significant differences were found between devices for all impedance measurements (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.001). The Resmon Pro reported lower R5, R5\u201319, Fres, and AX, and less negative X5 than the Tremoflo C-100. ICC estimates ranged from 0.59 to 0.85, but Bland\u2013Altman analysis demonstrated systematic bias and wide limits of agreement; for AX, the bias was \u22124.10 cmH\u2082O\/L with limits of agreement from \u221214.99 to 6.80 cmH\u2082O\/L.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic biases and wide limits of agreement indicate that the devices should not be used interchangeably for longitudinal patient monitoring. Standardization of oscillometry device signal generation and processing is necessary to enable accurate cross-device comparison in both clinical and research applications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/falgy.2026.1896281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T04:48:11Z","timestamp":1790657291000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of two respiratory oscillometers in patients with a broad range of lung function patterns"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Murphy","family":"Binnie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto","place":["Toronto, ON, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce K. Y.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto","place":["Toronto, ON, Canada"]},{"name":"Toronto General Pulmonary Function Laboratory, Division of Respirology, University Health Network","place":["Toronto, ON, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung-Wai","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto","place":["Toronto, ON, Canada"]},{"name":"Toronto General Pulmonary Function Laboratory, Division of Respirology, University Health Network","place":["Toronto, ON, Canada"]},{"name":"Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Multi-Organ Transplant Unit, University Health Network","place":["Toronto, ON, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00712-2020","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00712-2020","article-title":"Improving spirometry testing by understanding patient preferences","volume":"7","author":"Johnson","year":"2021","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2025.04.008","article-title":"Oscillometry","volume":"46","author":"Farah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210208","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0208-2021","article-title":"Clinical significance and applications of oscillometry","volume":"31","author":"Kaminsky","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c100058","article-title":"Oscillation mechanics of the respiratory system","volume":"1","author":"Bates","year":"2011","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00089403","article-title":"The forced oscillation technique in clinical practice: methodology, recommendations and future developments","volume":"22","author":"Oostveen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00160","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00160-2019","article-title":"Comparison of oscillometry devices using active mechanical test loads","volume":"5","author":"Dandurand","year":"2019","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25984","article-title":"Reference values for respiratory sinusoidal oscillometry in children aged 3 to 17 years","volume":"57","author":"Ducharme","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e27409","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.27409","article-title":"Correction to \u201creference values for respiratory sinusoidal oscillometry in children aged 3 to 17 years\u201d","volume":"60","author":"Ducharme","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00138","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00138-2018","article-title":"Interdevice agreement in respiratory resistance values by oscillometry in asthmatic children","volume":"5","author":"Ducharme","year":"2019","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"key":"B10","author":"Dumas","year":"2019"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2130","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-38513-x","article-title":"Comparison of forced and impulse oscillometry measurements: a clinical population and printed airway model study","volume":"9","author":"Soares","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pulmfd.2026.100002","article-title":"Agreement of respiratory impedance measurements between two commercial forced oscillation technique devices: a randomized crossover study","volume":"1","author":"De","year":"2026","journal-title":"Pulm Funct Diagn"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11618","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-48039-x","article-title":"Oscillometry in chronic obstructive lung disease: in vitro and in vivo evaluation of the impulse oscillometry and tremoflo devices","volume":"9","author":"Lundblad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108402","article-title":"Comparison of oscillometry ratios between IOS and AOS in patients with asthma and COPD","volume":"248","author":"Suter","year":"2025","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-019-00247-y","article-title":"I say IOS you say AOS: comparative bias in respiratory impedance measurements","volume":"197","author":"Kuo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e001163","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2021-001163","article-title":"Correlation of respiratory oscillometry with CT image analysis in a prospective cohort of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"9","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open Respir Res"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e003600","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2025-003600","article-title":"Standard pulmonary function tests and respiratory oscillometry patterns in hypersensitivity pneumonitis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ Open Respir Res"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resinv.2025.101352","article-title":"Oscillometrically assessed higher respiratory reactance is associated with impaired lung function and poorer prognosis in patients with fibrotic idiopathic interstitial pneumonias","volume":"64","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2026","journal-title":"Respir Investig"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhlto.2026.100575","article-title":"Early detection of chronic lung allograft dysfunction with spectral and intrabreath oscillometry","volume":"13","author":"Fu","year":"2026","journal-title":"JHLT Open"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980942","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.980942","article-title":"Characterization of chronic lung allograft dysfunction phenotypes using spectral and intrabreath oscillometry","volume":"13","author":"Fu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201908-1539OC","article-title":"Airway oscillometry detects spirometric-silent episodes of acute cellular rejection","volume":"201","author":"Cho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158870","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1158870","article-title":"Intra-subject variability in oscillometry correlates with acute rejection and CLAD post-lung transplant","volume":"10","author":"Vasileva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1328395","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1328395","article-title":"Effects of donor smoking history on early post-transplant lung function measured by oscillometry","volume":"11","author":"Belousova","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11758","DOI":"10.3389\/ti.2023.11758","article-title":"Oscillometry in stable single and double lung allograft recipients transplanted for interstitial lung disease: results of a multi-center Australian study","volume":"36","author":"Sim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250018","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0018-2025","article-title":"Respiratory oscillometry in monitoring lung transplant allograft function: a systematic scoping review","volume":"35","author":"Olanipekun","year":"2026","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2022.12.026","article-title":"Airway oscillometry parameters in baseline lung allograft dysfunction: associations from a multicenter study","volume":"42","author":"Darley","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900753","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00753-2019","article-title":"Technical standards for respiratory oscillometry","volume":"55","author":"King","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201908-1590ST","article-title":"Standardization of spirometry 2019 update. An official American thoracic society and European respiratory society technical statement","volume":"200","author":"Graham","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2003369","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.03369-2020","article-title":"Technical standards for respiratory oscillometry: test loads for calibration and verification","volume":"56","author":"Thamrin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.07412","article-title":"Development of quality assurance and quality control guidelines for respiratory oscillometry in clinic studies","volume":"65","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202205-0963OC","article-title":"A race-neutral approach to the interpretation of lung function measurements","volume":"207","author":"Bowerman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00126212","article-title":"Respiratory impedance in healthy subjects: baseline values and bronchodilator response","volume":"42","author":"Oostveen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00398-2025","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00398-2025","article-title":"Interpreting respiratory oscillometry in adults with asthma or COPD: findings of an international Delphi study","volume":"11","author":"Chung","year":"2025","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2101499","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01499-2021","article-title":"ERS\/ATS technical standard on interpretive strategies for routine lung function tests","volume":"60","author":"Stanojevic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Allergy"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/falgy.2026.1896281\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T04:48:14Z","timestamp":1790657294000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/falgy.2026.1896281\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/falgy.2026.1896281"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/falgy.2026.1896281","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-6101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2673-6101","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"article-number":"1896281"}}