{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T18:30:21Z","timestamp":1785436221418,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583971200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000277","name":"Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SE1961"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SE1961"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000277","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000277","name":"Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SE1960"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SE1960"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000277","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T14:17:15Z","timestamp":1584022635000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The Scrapie Prevalence in a Goat Herd Is Underestimated by Using a Rapid Diagnostic Test"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Timm","family":"Konold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Spiropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jemma","family":"Thorne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Phelan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Fothergill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Rajanayagam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Floyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Vidana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Charnley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadya","family":"Coates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Simmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.c5892","article-title":"Assessment of welfare on 24 commercial UK dairy goat farms based on direct observations.","volume":"167","author":"Anzuino","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.006114-0","article-title":"Identification of seven haplotypes of the caprine PrP gene at codons 127, 142, 154, 211, 222 and 240 in french alpine and saanen breeds and their association with classical scrapie.","volume":"90","author":"Barillet","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2007056","article-title":"Atypical\/Nor98 scrapie: properties of the agent, genetics, and epidemiology.","volume":"39","author":"Benestad","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.150.2.38","article-title":"Clinical findings and treatment of listeriosis in 67 sheep and goats.","volume":"150","author":"Braun","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"B5","author":"Breiman","year":"1984","journal-title":"Classification and Regression Trees."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054911","article-title":"The limits of test-based scrapie eradication programs in goats.","volume":"8","author":"Corbi\u00e8re","year":"","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.047225-0","article-title":"PrP-associated resistance to scrapie in five highly infected goat herds.","volume":"94","author":"Corbi\u00e8re","year":"","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.45-4-443","article-title":"A histopathologic and immunohistochemical review of archived UK caprine scrapie cases.","volume":"45","author":"Dustan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2014.3781","article-title":"Scientific opinion on the scrapie situation in the EU after 10 years of monitoring and control in sheep and goats.","volume":"12","year":"2014","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2017.4962","article-title":"Scientific opinion on genetic resistance to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) in goats.","volume":"15","author":"Ricci","year":"2017","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"B11","year":"2001","journal-title":"Regulation (EC) No 999\/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001 Laying Down Rules for the Prevention, Control And Eradication of Certain Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870501700601","article-title":"Diagnosis of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in animals: a review.","volume":"17","author":"Gavier-Wid\u00e9n","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268816002272","article-title":"Goats with aspartic acid or serine at codon 146 of the PRNP gene remain scrapie-negative after lifetime exposure in affected herds in Cyprus.","volume":"145","author":"Georgiadou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.103521","article-title":"Prion protein genotype survey confirms low frequency of scrapie-resistant K222 allele in British goat herds.","volume":"178","author":"Goldmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-42-110","article-title":"Caprine prion gene polymorphisms are associated with decreased incidence of classical scrapie in goat herds in the United Kingdom.","volume":"42","author":"Goldmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.158.10.325","article-title":"Postmortem diagnosis of preclinical and clinical scrapie in sheep by the detection of disease-associated PrP in their rectal mucosa.","volume":"158","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres\/2010020","article-title":"Pathogenesis of natural goat scrapie: modulation by host PRNP genotype and effect of co-existent conditions.","volume":"41","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres\/2009048","article-title":"High prevalence of scrapie in a dairy goat herd: tissue distribution of disease-associated PrP and effect of PRNP genotype and age.","volume":"40","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1136\/inpract.8.1.5","article-title":"Skin diseases in goats.","volume":"8","author":"Jackson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Practice"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-6-13","article-title":"Monitoring of clinical signs in goats with transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.","volume":"6","author":"Konold","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.158.8.280","article-title":"Atypical scrapie cases in the UK.","volume":"158","author":"Konold","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/51101","article-title":"Clinical examination protocol to detect atypical and classical scrapie in sheep.","volume":"19","author":"Konold","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"B23","article-title":"Scrapie","author":"Konold","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infectious Diseases of Livestock"},{"key":"B24","first-page":"77","article-title":"Scrapie in a four year old goat.","volume":"11","author":"Laven","year":"1990","journal-title":"Goat Vet. Soc. J."},{"key":"B25","author":"Mayhew","year":"2009","journal-title":"Large Animal Neurology."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-016-0379-0","article-title":"Genetic, histochemical and biochemical studies on goat TSE cases from Cyprus.","volume":"47","author":"Niedermeyer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"B27","first-page":"1","article-title":"Chapter 14.8. Scrapie","author":"Bonbon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Terrestrial Animal Health Standards Commission"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.155.20.636","article-title":"Two Irish cases of scrapie resembling Nor98.","volume":"155","author":"Onnasch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268814002064","article-title":"Allelic variants at codon 146 in the PRNP gene show significant differences in the risk for natural scrapie in Cypriot goats.","volume":"143","author":"Ortiz-Pelaez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0195-48","article-title":"The prion diseases.","volume":"272","author":"Prusiner","year":"1995","journal-title":"Sci. Am."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638719896327","article-title":"Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy in goats: is PrP rapid test sensitivity affected by genotype?","volume":"32","author":"Simmons","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-016-0394-1","article-title":"L-BSE experimentally transmitted to sheep presents as a unique disease phenotype.","volume":"47","author":"Simmons","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-6-14","article-title":"The natural atypical scrapie phenotype is preserved on experimental transmission and sub-passage in PRNP homologous sheep.","volume":"6","author":"Simmons","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"B34","author":"Stevens","year":"1982","journal-title":"Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques."},{"key":"B35","author":"Tanudimadja","year":"1973","journal-title":"Morphology of the lymph drainage of the head, neck, thoracic limb and Thorax Of The Goat (Capra Hircus)."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110200171.5.398","article-title":"Clinical findings in scrapie","author":"Ulvund","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prions in Humans and Animals"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0463.2002.100104.x","article-title":"Early and late pathogenesis of natural scrapie infection in sheep.","volume":"110","author":"van Keulen","year":"2002","journal-title":"APMIS"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00164\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]],"date-time":"2022-10-18T16:06:28Z","timestamp":1666109188000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00164\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00164"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00164","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-4185"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-4185","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]]},"article-number":"164"}}