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Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during inflammation is associated with the occurrence of sepsis. We report herein a treatment for sepsis based on PEGylated catalase, which can effectively break down hydrogen peroxide, a key component of ROS that is chemically stable and able to diffuse around the tissues and form downstream ROS. PEGylated catalase can effectively regulate the cytokine production by activated leukocytes, suppress the elevated level of AST, ALT, TNF-\u03b1, and IL-6 in mice with induced sepsis, and significantly improve the survival rate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2021.800684","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T13:45:42Z","timestamp":1638279942000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["An Antioxidant Enzyme Therapeutic for Sepsis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Feifei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeren","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chaoyong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunfeng","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3578","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)40291-2","article-title":"Alteration of Immunological Properties of Bovine Serum Albumin by Covalent Attachment of Polyethylene Glycol","volume":"252","author":"Abuchowski","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. 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