{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T20:25:26Z","timestamp":1791663926901,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is an important and powerful analytical technique in chemical and biochemical analyses. Metal\u2013organic frameworks (MOFs) can effectively capture volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with high adsorption capacity and fast kinetics, and the local surface plasmon resonance characteristics of gold nanoparticles can quickly and effectively distinguish different VOCs by SERS. Combining both, we designed a novel SERS substrate based on embedding gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) within MIL-101(Cr) for the recognition of various VOCs in the gaseous phase. Occupying of AuNPs inside MIL-101(Cr) increased the micropore-specific surface area of AuNPs@MIL-101(Cr), which enabled AuNPs@MIL-101(Cr) to absorb more toluene molecules and consequently realized its high detection sensitivity. The detection limits for toluene, 4-ethylbenzaldehyde, and formaldehyde were down to 6, 5, and 75,\u00a0ppm respectively. Moreover, this substrate could be used for detecting different VOCs simultaneously. Finally, we discussed the enhancement of AuNPs outside and inside MIL-101(Cr) on the Raman signal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.921693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T06:57:11Z","timestamp":1655708231000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["AuNPs@MIL-101 (Cr) as a SERS-Active Substrate for Sensitive Detection of VOCs"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Dan","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruimeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinghao","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongxing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"026004","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7155\/10\/2\/026004","article-title":"Measurement of Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds from Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Using Closed Gas Loop GC-IMS and GC-APCI-MS","volume":"10","author":"Allers","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Breath. Res."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5526","DOI":"10.1021\/ac200265g","article-title":"Use of Urine Volatile Organic Compounds to Discriminate Tuberculosis Patients from Healthy Subjects","volume":"83","author":"Banday","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11098","DOI":"10.1021\/la201938u","article-title":"Kinetically Controlled Seeded Growth Synthesis of Citrate-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles of up to 200 Nm: Size Focusing versus Ostwald Ripening","volume":"27","author":"Bast\u00fas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1021\/ac990963k","article-title":"Analysis of Human Skin Emanations by Gas Chromatography\/Mass Spectrometry. 2. Identification of Volatile Compounds that Are Candidate Attractants for the Yellow Fever Mosquito (Aedes aegypti)","volume":"72","author":"Bernier","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2007.01.012","article-title":"Sample Preparation for the Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in Air and Water Matrices","volume":"1153","author":"Demeestere","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2008.09.002","article-title":"Development of Ultra-low-power Consumption MOX Sensors with Ppb-Level VOC Detection Capabilities for Emerging Applications","volume":"135","author":"Elmi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B Chem."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2040","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1116275","article-title":"A Chromium Terephthalate-Based Solid with Unusually Large Pore Volumes and Surface Area","volume":"309","author":"Fe\u0301rey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20489","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202002720","article-title":"SERS\u2010Active MIL\u2010100(Fe) Sensory Array for Ultrasensitive and Multiplex Detection of VOCs","volume":"59","author":"Fu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-9351(03)00035-5","article-title":"Risk Assessment of Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds in Different Indoor Environments","volume":"94","author":"Guo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"093001","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6439\/aac849","article-title":"Intelligent Gas-Sensing Systems and Their Applications","volume":"28","author":"Hsieh","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Micromech. Microeng."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3955","DOI":"10.1021\/ac5002355","article-title":"Fabrication of Gold Nanoparticle-Embedded Metal-Organic Framework for Highly Sensitive Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Detection","volume":"86","author":"Hu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5558","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b00905","article-title":"Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Active Gold Nanoparticles with Enzyme-Mimicking Activities for Measuring Glucose and Lactate in Living Tissues","volume":"11","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2018.08.072","article-title":"Highly Sensitive Olfactory Biosensors for the Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds by Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging","volume":"123","author":"Hurot","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2546","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CC00564H","article-title":"Plasmonic Nose: Integrating the MOF-Enabled Molecular Preconcentration Effect with a Plasmonic Array for Recognition of Molecular-Level Volatile Organic Compounds","volume":"54","author":"Koh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6121","DOI":"10.1021\/ac4010309","article-title":"Selected Ion Flow Tube Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Exhaled Breath for Volatile Organic Compound Profiling of Esophago-Gastric Cancer","volume":"85","author":"Kumar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2952","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TC00040J","article-title":"Metal-organic Frameworks: Opportunities and Challenges for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering - a Review","volume":"8","author":"Lai","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mat. Chem. C"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3390\/s19020233","article-title":"Semiconductor Metal Oxides as Chemoresistive Sensors for Detecting Volatile Organic Compounds","volume":"19","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2017.07.013","article-title":"GC-MS Based Metabolomics Used for the Identification of Cancer Volatile Organic Compounds as Biomarkers","volume":"147","author":"Lubes","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5692","DOI":"10.1039\/C8RA10366F","article-title":"Comparative Research on Three Types of MIL-101(Cr)-SO3H for Esterification of Cyclohexene with Formic Acid","volume":"9","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4342","DOI":"10.1039\/c8tc00245b","article-title":"Resistive-based Gas Sensors for Detection of Benzene, Toluene and Xylene (BTX) Gases: a Review","volume":"6","author":"Mirzaei","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mat. Chem. C"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1702275","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201702275","article-title":"Selective Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering for Quantitative Detection of Lung Cancer Biomarkers in Superparticle@MOF Structure","volume":"30","author":"Qiao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Mat."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.3390\/mi10040228","article-title":"Micro Milled Microfluidic Photoionization Detector for Volatile Organic Compounds","volume":"10","author":"Rezende","year":"2019","journal-title":"Micromachines"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4005(03)00477-5","article-title":"Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Using SnO2 Gas-Sensor Array and Artificial Neural Network","volume":"96","author":"Srivastava","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sens. Actuat B Chem."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2018.09.077","article-title":"Real-time Detection of Alcohol Vapors and Volatile Organic Compounds via Optical Electronic Nose Using Carbon Dots Prepared from Rice Husk and Density Functional Theory Calculation","volume":"560","author":"Thongsai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Colloids Surfaces A Physicochem. Eng. Aspects"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2016.08.040","article-title":"Recent Advances in Engineered Graphene and Composites for Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Non-invasive Diseases Diagnosis","volume":"110","author":"Tripathi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.126562","article-title":"Implanting Polyethylene Glycol into MIL-101(Cr) as Hydrophobic Barrier for Enhancing Toluene Adsorption under Highly Humid Environment","volume":"404","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1039\/c8dt04360d","article-title":"A Rationally Designed Vapoluminescent Compound with Adsorptive Channels and Responsive Luminophores for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)","volume":"48","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2790","DOI":"10.1039\/b703747c","article-title":"A Supramolecular Approach to Sub-ppb Aromatic VOC Detection in Air","volume":"27","author":"Zampolli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17008","DOI":"10.1039\/C5TA03524D","article-title":"Palladium Nanoparticles Incorporated within Sulfonic Acid-Functionalized MIL-101(Cr) for Efficient Catalytic Conversion of Vanillin","volume":"3","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Mat. Chem. A"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micromeso.2020.110044","article-title":"Synthesis of MIL-101(Cr) and its Water Adsorption Performance","volume":"297","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microporous Mesoporous Mater."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2016.11.008","article-title":"Enhanced Hydrophobic MIL(Cr) Metal-Organic Framework with High Capacity and Selectivity for Benzene VOCs Capture from High Humid Air","volume":"313","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2019.01.018","article-title":"Colorimetric Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds for Shelf-Life Monitoring of Milk","volume":"100","author":"Ziyaina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food control."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fbioe.2022.921693\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T00:10:04Z","timestamp":1655856604000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fbioe.2022.921693\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fbioe.2022.921693"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2022.921693","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-4185"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-4185","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]},"article-number":"921693"}}