{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T15:44:20Z","timestamp":1793720660490,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":158,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Mechanical stimuli regulate the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and the homeostasis of chondrocytes, thus affecting implant success in cartilage tissue engineering. The mechanical microenvironment plays fundamental roles in the maturation and maintenance of natural articular cartilage, and the progression of osteoarthritis Hence, cartilage tissue engineering attempts to mimic this environment\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    to obtain implants that enable a superior regeneration process. However, the specific type of mechanical loading, its optimal regime, and the underlying molecular mechanisms are still under investigation. First, this review delineates the composition and structure of articular cartilage, indicating that the morphology of chondrocytes and components of the extracellular matrix differ from each other to resist forces in three top-to-bottom overlapping zones. Moreover, results from research experiments and clinical trials focusing on the effect of compression, fluid shear stress, hydrostatic pressure, and osmotic pressure are presented and critically evaluated. As a key direction, the latest advances in mechanisms involved in the transduction of external mechanical signals into biological signals are discussed. These mechanical signals are sensed by receptors in the cell membrane, such as primary cilia, integrins, and ion channels, which next activate downstream pathways. Finally, biomaterials with various modifications to mimic the mechanical properties of natural cartilage and the self-designed bioreactors for experiment\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    are outlined. An improved understanding of biomechanically driven cartilage tissue engineering and the underlying mechanisms is expected to lead to efficient articular cartilage repair for cartilage degeneration and disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1271762","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]],"date-time":"2023-11-24T05:35:34Z","timestamp":1700804134000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Double-edged role of mechanical stimuli and underlying mechanisms in cartilage tissue engineering"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yao","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanxiang","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianggang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiacheng","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changjun","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-021-00691-3","article-title":"A dysfunctional TRPV4-GSK3\u03b2 pathway prevents osteoarthritic chondrocytes from sensing changes in extracellular matrix viscoelasticity","volume":"5","author":"Agarwal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.07.006","article-title":"Shearing of synovial fluid activates latent TGF-\u03b2","volume":"20","author":"Albro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787538","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2021.787538","article-title":"Cartilage tissue engineering approaches need to assess fibrocartilage when hydrogel constructs are mechanically loaded","volume":"9","author":"Alizadeh Sardroud","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2017.00076","article-title":"Dynamic mechanical compression of chondrocytes for tissue engineering: a critical review","volume":"5","author":"Anderson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2017.11.021","article-title":"Biomaterials for articular cartilage tissue engineering: learning from biology","volume":"65","author":"Armiento","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24505","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c05394","article-title":"High-strength, strongly bonded nanocomposite hydrogels for cartilage repair","volume":"13","author":"Awasthi","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater Interfaces"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-016-0314-3","article-title":"Should we use cells, biomaterials, or tissue engineering for cartilage regeneration?","volume":"7","author":"Bernhard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2012.11.032","article-title":"Osmolarity determines the in vitro chondrogenic differentiation capacity of progenitor cells via nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5","volume":"53","author":"Caron","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09491-5","article-title":"Excessive mechanical loading promotes osteoarthritis through the gremlin-1-NF-\u03baB pathway","volume":"10","author":"Chang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3653","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21103653","article-title":"Hydrostatic pressure regulates oxidative stress through microRNA in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes","volume":"21","author":"Cheleschi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2016-0118","article-title":"Improvement of in vitro three-dimensional cartilage regeneration by a novel hydrostatic pressure bioreactor","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl. Med."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-019-1399-2","article-title":"A novel construct with biomechanical flexibility for articular cartilage regeneration","volume":"10","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2007.01.009","article-title":"Zonal changes in the three-dimensional morphology of the chondron under compression: the relationship among cellular, pericellular, and extracellular deformation in articular cartilage","volume":"40","author":"Choi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26018","article-title":"Effects of mechanical loading on human mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage tissue engineering","volume":"233","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102735","article-title":"Beyond the joints, the extra-articular manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"20","author":"Conforti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4226","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201511767","article-title":"A tissue-penetrating double network restores the mechanical properties of degenerated articular cartilage","volume":"55","author":"Cooper","year":"2016","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4502","article-title":"Ciliary IFT88 protects coordinated adolescent Growth Plate ossification from disruptive physiological mechanical forces","volume":"37","author":"Coveney","year":"","journal-title":"J. Bone Min. Res."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41894","article-title":"Role of ciliary protein intraflagellar transport protein 88 in the regulation of cartilage thickness and osteoarthritis development in mice","volume":"74","author":"Coveney","year":"","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.09.024","article-title":"Three-dimensional piezoelectric fibrous scaffolds selectively promote mesenchymal stem cell differentiation","volume":"149","author":"Damaraju","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-021-00649-4","article-title":"Targeting calcium-related mechanotransduction in early OA","volume":"17","author":"Delco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14","DOI":"10.1017\/erm.2021.16","article-title":"Integrins, cadherins and channels in cartilage mechanotransduction: perspectives for future regeneration strategies","volume":"23","author":"Dieterle","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Mol. Med."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.11851","article-title":"YAP1 controls degeneration of human cartilage chondrocytes in response to mechanical tension","volume":"46","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Biol. Int."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370219892601","article-title":"Roles of TRPV4 and piezo channels in stretch-evoked Ca(2+) response in chondrocytes","volume":"245","author":"Du","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood)"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10137","article-title":"Role of YAP\/TAZ in mechanotransduction","volume":"474","author":"Dupont","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1053\/s1063-4584(02)00347-3","article-title":"Hypo-osmotic stress induces calcium-dependent actin reorganization in articular chondrocytes","volume":"11","author":"Erickson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23670","article-title":"Mechanical stimulation of mesenchymal stem cells: implications for cartilage tissue engineering","volume":"36","author":"Fahy","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50940","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M305107200","article-title":"Mechanical regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in articular cartilage","volume":"278","author":"Fanning","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.21330","article-title":"Orientation of primary cilia of articular chondrocytes in three-dimensional space","volume":"294","author":"Farnum","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anat. Rec. Hob."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.03.003","article-title":"Mechanical loading inhibits cartilage inflammatory signalling via an HDAC6 and IFT-dependent mechanism regulating primary cilia elongation","volume":"27","author":"Fu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697281","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2021.697281","article-title":"Effects of mechanical compression on chondrogenesis of human synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells in agarose hydrogel","volume":"9","author":"Ge","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.12.469","article-title":"Fluid flow increases type II collagen deposition and tensile mechanical properties in bioreactor-grown tissue-engineered cartilage","volume":"12","author":"Gemmiti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Tissue Eng."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-019-00520-2","article-title":"Integrins in osteocyte biology and mechanotransduction","volume":"17","author":"Geoghegan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Osteoporos. Rep."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2010.11.044","article-title":"Effect of flow perfusion conditions in the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells cultured onto starch based biodegradable scaffolds","volume":"7","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-018-1705-y","article-title":"Inhibition of YAP with siRNA prevents cartilage degradation and ameliorates osteoarthritis development","volume":"97","author":"Gong","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mol. Med. Berl."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2764","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-1819-9","article-title":"Physical stimulation of chondrogenic cells in vitro: a review","volume":"469","author":"Grad","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1039\/c7ib00130d","article-title":"Chondrocyte burst promotes space for mineral expansion","volume":"10","author":"Hara","year":"2018","journal-title":"Integr. Biol. (Camb)"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C1146","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00542.2007","article-title":"Elucidation of the signaling network of COX-2 induction in sheared chondrocytes: COX-2 is induced via a Rac\/MEKK1\/MKK7\/JNK2\/c-Jun-C\/EBP\u03b2-dependent pathway","volume":"294","author":"Healy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.11293","article-title":"Protective effects of cilengitide on inflammation in chondrocytes under excessive mechanical stress","volume":"44","author":"Hirose","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Biol. Int."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2020.03.021","article-title":"The effect of hydrostatic pressure on proteoglycan production in articular cartilage in vitro: a meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Hodder","year":"2020","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-021-00724-w","article-title":"Mechanosignalling in cartilage: an emerging target for the treatment of osteoarthritis","volume":"18","author":"Hodgkinson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.3233\/bir-2008-0476","article-title":"Mechanical regulation of proteoglycan synthesis in normal and osteoarthritic human articular chondrocytes \u2013 roles for \u03b15 and \u03b1V\u03b25 integrins","volume":"45","author":"Holledge","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biorheology"},{"key":"B42","first-page":"73","article-title":"Adaptation of articular chondrocytes to changes in osmolality","volume":"40","author":"Hopewell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biorheology"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mbplus.2021.100063","article-title":"Small leucine-rich proteoglycans in physiological and biomechanical function of bone","volume":"11","author":"Hua","year":"2021","journal-title":"Matrix Biol. Plus"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465211007139","article-title":"Scaffold with natural calcified cartilage zone for osteochondral defect repair in minipigs","volume":"49","author":"Huang","year":"","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202102_24827","article-title":"Interrupting TGF-\u03b21\/CCN2\/integrin-\u03b15\u03b21 signaling alleviates high mechanical-stress caused chondrocyte fibrosis","volume":"25","author":"Huang","year":"","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2019.07.055","article-title":"Proteoglycan degradation mimics static compression by altering the natural gradients in fibrillar organisation in cartilage","volume":"97","author":"Inamdar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2021.09.037","article-title":"Reversible changes in the 3D collagen fibril architecture during cyclic loading of healthy and degraded cartilage","volume":"136","author":"Inamdar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2014.01.157","article-title":"Integrin \u03b11\u03b21 participates in chondrocyte transduction of osmotic stress","volume":"445","author":"Jablonski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4922","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.9b00667","article-title":"Smart piezoelectric nanohybrid of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and barium titanate for stimulated cartilage regeneration","volume":"2","author":"Jacob","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acs Appl. Bio Mater."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellbi.2003.11.007","article-title":"Ultrastructural, tomographic and confocal imaging of the chondrocyte primary cilium in situ","volume":"28","author":"Jensen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell Biol. Int."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.04.019","article-title":"Dynamic compression improves biosynthesis of human zonal chondrocytes from osteoarthritis patients","volume":"20","author":"Jeon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2018.06.023","article-title":"Mechanically cartilage-mimicking poly(PCL-PTHF urethane)\/collagen nanofibers induce chondrogenesis by blocking NF-kappa B signaling pathway","volume":"178","author":"Jiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6067","DOI":"10.2147\/jir.S339382","article-title":"Aberrant fluid shear stress contributes to articular cartilage pathogenesis via epigenetic regulation of ZBTB20 by H3K4me3","volume":"14","author":"Jin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2018.07.039","article-title":"Functionally graded multilayer scaffolds for in vivo osteochondral tissue engineering","volume":"78","author":"Kang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-015-0639-9","article-title":"Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a negative regulator of chondrogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"17","author":"Karystinou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1007\/s10237-021-01457-1","article-title":"Depth and strain rate-dependent mechanical response of chondrocytes in reserve zone cartilage subjected to compressive loading","volume":"20","author":"Kazemi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomech. Model Mechanobiol."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.TEA.2008.0357","article-title":"Dynamic compression stimulates proteoglycan synthesis by mesenchymal stem cells in the absence of chondrogenic cytokines","volume":"15","author":"Kisiday","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part A"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1290\/1543-706x(2004)40<138:Csspca>2.0.Co;2","article-title":"cyclic strain stimulates proliferative capacity, \u03b12 and \u03b15 integrin, gene marker expression by human articular chondrocytes propagated on flexible silicone membranes","volume":"40","author":"Lahiji","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. Anim."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204173142094383","DOI":"10.1177\/2041731420943839","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage regeneration","volume":"11","author":"Le","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Tissue Eng."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaaz5913","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz5913","article-title":"Combinatorial screening of biochemical and physical signals for phenotypic regulation of stem cell-based cartilage tissue engineering","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13630-015-0016-y","article-title":"The primary cilium functions as a mechanical and calcium signaling nexus","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cilia"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E5114","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1414298111","article-title":"Synergy between Piezo1 and Piezo2 channels confers high-strain mechanosensitivity to articular cartilage","volume":"111","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2001611118","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2001611118","article-title":"Inflammatory signaling sensitizes Piezo1 mechanotransduction in articular chondrocytes as a pathogenic feed-forward mechanism in osteoarthritis","volume":"118","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.08.019","article-title":"The influence of delayed compressive stress on TGF-\u03b21-induced chondrogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs through Smad-dependent and Smad-independent pathways","volume":"33","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.08.031","article-title":"Self-assembled N-cadherin mimetic peptide hydrogels promote the chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells through inhibition of canonical Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling","volume":"145","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2205059","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202205059","article-title":"Regeneration of humeral head using a 3D bioprinted anisotropic scaffold with dual modulation of endochondral ossification","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. (Weinh)"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2472","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.31.007","article-title":"Mechanism of the Piezo1 protein-induced apoptosis of the chondrocytes through the MAPK\/ERK1\/2 signal pathway","volume":"96","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.TEA.2009.0262","article-title":"Chondrogenesis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in fibrin-polyurethane composites is modulated by frequency and amplitude of dynamic compression and shear stress","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part A"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-10-49","article-title":"Responses of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to chemical microenvironment of the intervertebral disc","volume":"10","author":"Liang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2005513","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202005513","article-title":"Recent progress in cartilage lubrication","volume":"33","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816149","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.816149","article-title":"Piezo1 channels as force sensors in mechanical force-related chronic inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.1999.0277","article-title":"Integrin expression by primary and immortalized human chondrocytes: evidence of a differential role for \u03b11\u03b21 and \u03b12\u03b21 integrins in mediating chondrocyte adhesion to types II and VI collagen","volume":"8","author":"Loeser","year":"2000","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-022-02843-x","article-title":"NF\u03baB inhibition to lift the mechano-competence of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived neocartilage toward articular chondrocyte levels","volume":"13","author":"L\u00fcckgen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823679","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.823679","article-title":"Engineered human meniscus in modeling sex differences of knee osteoarthritis in vitro","volume":"10","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2018.01.001","article-title":"Functional effects of an interpenetrating polymer network on articular cartilage mechanical properties","volume":"26","author":"M\u00e4kel\u00e4","year":"2018","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2002.0791","article-title":"Co-localization of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 and fibronectin in human articular cartilage","volume":"10","author":"Martin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2021.110580","article-title":"Effects of chondrogenic priming duration on mechanoregulation of engineered cartilage","volume":"125","author":"McDermott","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1369\/jhc.5A6866.2006","article-title":"Localization of extracellular matrix receptors on the chondrocyte primary cilium","volume":"54","author":"McGlashan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23732","article-title":"The primary cilium as a signaling nexus for growth plate function and subsequent skeletal development","volume":"36","author":"Moore","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2021.104333","article-title":"A novel assessment of microstructural and mechanical behaviour of bilayer silica-reinforced nanocomposite hydrogels as a candidate for artificial cartilage","volume":"116","author":"Mostakhdemin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.TEA.2009.0480","article-title":"Functional properties of cell-seeded three-dimensionally woven poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering","volume":"16","author":"Moutos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part A"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.12438","article-title":"Cyclic compressive loading activates angiotensin II type 1 receptor in articular chondrocytes and stimulates hypertrophic differentiation through a G-protein-dependent pathway","volume":"8","author":"Nakamura","year":"2018","journal-title":"FEBS Open Bio"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.92b7.23200","article-title":"Joint distraction and movement for repair of articular cartilage in a rabbit model with subsequent weight-bearing","volume":"92","author":"Nishino","year":"","journal-title":"J. Bone Jt. Surg. Br."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21016","article-title":"Effect of gradual weight-bearing on regenerated articular cartilage after joint distraction and motion in a rabbit model","volume":"28","author":"Nishino","year":"","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.12.021","article-title":"A chondrocyte infiltrated collagen type I\/III membrane (MACI\u00ae implant) improves cartilage healing in the equine patellofemoral joint model","volume":"23","author":"Nixon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1319569111","article-title":"TRPV4-mediated mechanotransduction regulates the metabolic response of chondrocytes to dynamic loading","volume":"111","author":"O'Conor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29053","DOI":"10.1038\/srep29053","article-title":"Cartilage-specific knockout of the mechanosensory ion channel TRPV4 decreases age-related osteoarthritis","volume":"6","author":"O'Conor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1800247","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.201800247","article-title":"Stiffening by osmotic swelling constraint in cartilage-like cell culture scaffolds","volume":"18","author":"Offeddu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Macromol. Biosci."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R41","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2180","article-title":"Treatment of posttraumatic and focal osteoarthritic cartilage defects of the knee with autologous polymer-based three-dimensional chondrocyte grafts: 2-year clinical results","volume":"9","author":"Ossendorf","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.22203\/eCM.v037a22","article-title":"Cells under pressure - the relationship between hydrostatic pressure and mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis","volume":"37","author":"Pattappa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Cell Mater"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20210043","DOI":"10.1002\/EXP.20210043","article-title":"Bioinspired gradient scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering","volume":"3","author":"Peng","year":"","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e49","DOI":"10.1002\/mba2.49","article-title":"Dynamically adaptive scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering","volume":"2","author":"Peng","year":"","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B Appl. Biomaterials"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2017.12.024","article-title":"Extracellular matrix content and WNT\/\u03b2-catenin levels of cartilage determine the chondrocyte response to compressive load","volume":"1864","author":"Praxenthaler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20020435","article-title":"Current trends in fabrication of biomaterials for bone and cartilage regeneration: materials modifications and biophysical stimulations","volume":"20","author":"Przekora","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4506","article-title":"Primary cilia direct murine articular cartilage tidemark patterning through hedgehog signaling and ambulatory load","volume":"37","author":"Rux","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Bone Min. Res."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20566","article-title":"Rotating three-dimensional dynamic culture of adult human bone marrow-derived cells for tissue engineering of hyaline cartilage","volume":"27","author":"Sakai","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.3390\/polym12051150","article-title":"Agarose-based biomaterials: opportunities and challenges in cartilage tissue engineering","volume":"12","author":"Salati","year":"2020","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"045010","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/aba412","article-title":"Shear stress induced by fluid flow produces improvements in tissue-engineered cartilage","volume":"12","author":"Salinas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biofabrication"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22225","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202101699R","article-title":"The functionality and translatability of neocartilage constructs are improved with the combination of fluid-induced shear stress and bioactive factors","volume":"36","author":"Salinas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Faseb J."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.TEB.2018.0006","article-title":"A guide for using mechanical stimulation to enhance tissue-engineered articular cartilage properties","volume":"24","author":"Salinas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part B Rev."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioadv.2022.213019","article-title":"Engineered artificial articular cartilage made of decellularized extracellular matrix by mechanical and IGF-1 stimulation","volume":"139","author":"Sani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomater. Adv."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13587","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b19715","article-title":"A synergistic relationship between polycaprolactone and natural polymers enhances the physical properties and biological activity of scaffolds","volume":"12","author":"Sawadkar","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater Interfaces"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.22203\/ecm.v022a17","article-title":"A combination of shear and dynamic compression leads to mechanically induced chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"22","author":"Sch\u00e4tti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Cell Mater"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603515581680","article-title":"Mechanical loading of cartilage explants with compression and sliding motion modulates gene expression of lubricin and catabolic enzymes","volume":"6","author":"Sch\u00e4tti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cartilage"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"035011","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/ab8708","article-title":"Reinforcing interpenetrating network hydrogels with 3D printed polymer networks to engineer cartilage mimetic composites","volume":"12","author":"Schipani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biofabrication"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.22203\/ecm.v020a03","article-title":"Suppression of adverse angiogenesis in an albumin-based hydrogel for articular cartilage and intervertebral disc regeneration","volume":"20","author":"Scholz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Cell Mater"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2022.105552","article-title":"Towards a load bearing hydrogel: a proof of principle in the use of osmotic pressure for biomimetic cartilage constructs","volume":"137","author":"Schuiringa","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s41232-019-0105-1","article-title":"Shear bioreactors stimulating chondrocyte regeneration, a systematic review","volume":"39","author":"Sharifi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflamm. Regen."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2871","article-title":"The final steps of integrin activation: the end game","volume":"11","author":"Shattil","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2021.12232","article-title":"Excessive mechanical stretch-mediated osteoblasts promote the catabolism and apoptosis of chondrocytes via the Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway","volume":"24","author":"Song","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-022-01770-6","article-title":"Integrin \u03b1V\u03b23 signaling in the progression of osteoarthritis induced by excessive mechanical stress","volume":"46","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-021-00360-w","article-title":"G protein coupled estrogen receptor attenuates mechanical stress-mediated apoptosis of chondrocyte in osteoarthritis via suppression of Piezo1","volume":"27","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106681","article-title":"Piezo1 activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in nucleus pulposus cell-mediated by Ca(2+)\/NF-\u03baB pathway","volume":"85","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19051507","article-title":"Reproduction of characteristics of extracellular matrices in specific longitudinal depth zone cartilage within spherical organoids in response to changes in osmotic pressure","volume":"19","author":"Takada","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(86)90744-0","article-title":"Structure of integrin, a glycoprotein involved in the transmembrane linkage between fibronectin and actin","volume":"46","author":"Tamkun","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12765","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.12765","article-title":"Primary cilia: versatile regulator in cartilage development","volume":"53","author":"Tao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Prolif."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C898","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00571.2008","article-title":"Hyperosmolarity regulates SOX9 mRNA posttranscriptionally in human articular chondrocytes","volume":"297","author":"Tew","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4313","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094313","article-title":"Polycystin-2 is required for chondrocyte mechanotransduction and traffics to the primary cilium in response to mechanical stimulation","volume":"22","author":"Thompson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-014-3137-5","article-title":"Role of integrins and their ligands in osteoarthritic cartilage","volume":"35","author":"Tian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Int."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1007\/s10237-011-0341-z","article-title":"Hypotonic challenge modulates cell volumes differently in the superficial zone of intact articular cartilage and cartilage explant","volume":"11","author":"Turunen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomech. Model Mechanobiol."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3451","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043451","article-title":"Chondroitin sulfate-tyramine-based hydrogels for cartilage tissue repair","volume":"24","author":"Uzieliene","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2998","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19102998","article-title":"The role of physical stimuli on calcium channels in chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"19","author":"Uzieliene","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9690","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22189690","article-title":"Mechanotransducive biomimetic systems for chondrogenic differentiation in vitro","volume":"22","author":"Uzieliene","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12827","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12827","article-title":"Cyclic uniaxial mechanical load enhances chondrogenesis through entraining the molecular circadian clock","volume":"73","author":"V\u00e1g\u00f3","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Pineal Res."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.11.092","article-title":"In vitro generation of mechanically functional cartilage grafts based on adult human stem cells and 3D-woven poly(\u025b-caprolactone) scaffolds","volume":"31","author":"Valonen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3447","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 2: good or bad guy in the joint?","volume":"13","author":"Vincent","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2007.01.021","article-title":"FGF-2 is bound to perlecan in the pericellular matrix of articular cartilage, where it acts as a chondrocyte mechanotransducer","volume":"15","author":"Vincent","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1113\/jp275451","article-title":"Mechanoadaptation: articular cartilage through thick and thin","volume":"597","author":"Vincent","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-008-9448-5","article-title":"Hydrostatic pressure enhances chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells in osteochondrogenic medium","volume":"36","author":"Wagner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.22203\/ecm.v013a07","article-title":"Multi-axial mechanical stimulation of tissue engineered cartilage: review","volume":"13","author":"Waldman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. Cell Mater"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2022.01.004","article-title":"Mechanical overloading induces GPX4-regulated chondrocyte ferroptosis in osteoarthritis via Piezo1 channel facilitated calcium influx","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.10.002","article-title":"Instructive cartilage regeneration modalities with advanced therapeutic implantations under abnormal conditions","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.003","article-title":"The rate of hypo-osmotic challenge influences regulatory volume decrease (RVD) and mechanical properties of articular chondrocytes","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.10.002","article-title":"Instructive cartilage regeneration modalities with advanced therapeutic implantations under abnormal conditions","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.01.001","article-title":"Primary cilia and autophagy interaction is involved in mechanical stress mediated cartilage development via ERK\/mTOR axis","volume":"218","author":"Xiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.03.243","article-title":"Mechanical compressive loading stimulates the activity of proximal region of human COL2A1 gene promoter in transfected chondrocytes","volume":"344","author":"Xie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5011","DOI":"10.1039\/d1bm00413a","article-title":"Dynamic loading enhances chondrogenesis of human chondrocytes within a biodegradable resilient hydrogel","volume":"9","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2022.05.042","article-title":"Integration exosomes with MOF-modified multifunctional scaffold for accelerating vascularized bone regeneration","volume":"34","author":"Xu","year":"","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2022.107825","article-title":"Iron-based metal\u2013organic framework as a dual cooperative release system for enhanced vascularization and bone regeneration","volume":"34","author":"Xu","year":"","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2014.01.022","article-title":"Integrin activation and internalization mediated by extracellular matrix elasticity: a biomechanical model","volume":"47","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.188","article-title":"Comparison of chondro-inductivity between collagen and hyaluronic acid hydrogel based on chemical\/physical microenvironment","volume":"182","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9156","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27592","article-title":"Mechanical stress protects against osteoarthritis via regulation of the AMPK\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway","volume":"234","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-018-0805-8","article-title":"Cyclic tensile strain upregulates pro-inflammatory cytokine expression via FAK-MAPK signaling in chondrocytes","volume":"41","author":"Yanoshita","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3115","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201506025","article-title":"Microneedles integrated with pancreatic cells and synthetic glucose-signal amplifiers for smart insulin delivery","volume":"28","author":"Ye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Mater"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2023.01.012","article-title":"Recent development in multizonal scaffolds for osteochondral regeneration","volume":"25","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2021-221513","article-title":"Mechanical overloading promotes chondrocyte senescence and osteoarthritis development through downregulating FBXW7","volume":"81","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3971","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22083971","article-title":"3D bioprinting of human tissues: biofabrication, bioinks, and bioreactors","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1080\/19336950.2021.1903184","article-title":"Mechanosensory and mechanotransductive processes mediated by ion channels in articular chondrocytes: potential therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Channels (Austin)"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-018-0032-9","article-title":"Advanced smart biomaterials and constructs for hard tissue engineering and regeneration","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone Res."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes12020237","article-title":"TRPV4 and PIEZO channels mediate the mechanosensing of chondrocytes to the biomechanical microenvironment","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Membr. (Basel)"},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2014.10.010","article-title":"Cross-talk between TGF-beta\/SMAD and integrin signaling pathways in regulating hypertrophy of mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis under deferral dynamic compression","volume":"38","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20210170","DOI":"10.1002\/exp.20210170","article-title":"Microneedle system for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine","volume":"3","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Explor. (Beijing)"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916146","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.916146","article-title":"In vitro cartilage regeneration regulated by a hydrostatic pressure bioreactor based on hybrid photocrosslinkable hydrogels","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5408","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.15204","article-title":"Mechanotransduction pathways in the regulation of cartilage chondrocyte homoeostasis","volume":"24","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21948-0","article-title":"Mechanical stress determines the configuration of TGF\u03b2 activation in articular cartilage","volume":"12","author":"Zhen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2012.0685","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell and chondrocyte fates in a multishear microdevice are regulated by Yes-associated protein","volume":"22","author":"Zhong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev."},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2000370","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202000370","article-title":"Stiffness of nanoparticulate mineralized collagen scaffolds triggers osteogenesis via mechanotransduction and canonical Wnt signaling","volume":"21","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Macromol. Biosci."},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15174","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015174","article-title":"Prolonged application of high fluid shear to chondrocytes recapitulates gene expression profiles associated with osteoarthritis","volume":"5","author":"Zhu","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1271762\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]],"date-time":"2023-11-24T05:35:40Z","timestamp":1700804140000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1271762\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"references-count":158,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1271762"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1271762","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-4185"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-4185","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"article-number":"1271762"}}