{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T03:45:48Z","timestamp":1781927148535,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31871303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31871303"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cyanobacteria, renowned for their photosynthetic capabilities, serve as efficient microbial chassis capable of converting carbon dioxide into a spectrum of bio-chemicals. However, conventional genetic manipulation strategies have proven incompatible with the precise and systematic modifications required in the field of cyanobacterial synthetic biology. Here, we present an in-depth analysis of endogenous CRISPR-Cas systems within cyanobacterial genomes, with a particular focus on the Type I systems, which are the most widely distributed. We provide a comprehensive summary of the reported DNA defense mechanisms mediated by cyanobacterial Type I CRISPR-Cas systems and their current applications in genome editing. Furthermore, we offer insights into the future applications of these systems in the context of cyanobacterial genome editing, underscoring their potential to revolutionize synthetic biology approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2025.1552030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T07:03:14Z","timestamp":1740639794000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cyanobacterial type I CRISPR-Cas systems: distribution, mechanisms, and genome editing applications"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yongjiu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuxiao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianliang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoming","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2015.03.009","article-title":"Metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria for the synthesis of commodity products","volume":"33","author":"Angermayr","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-13231-5.00003-9","article-title":"Chapter 20 - cyanobacteria: a key player in nutrient cycling","volume-title":"Cyanobacteria","author":"Bhardwaj","year":"2024"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.10.31.621247","article-title":"Development of a CRISPR activation system for targeted gene upregulation in Synechocystis sp","volume":"6803","author":"Bourgade","year":"2024","journal-title":"PCC"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.4161\/rna.24571","article-title":"Evidence for the widespread distribution of CRISPR-Cas system in the Phylum Cyanobacteria","volume":"10","author":"Cai","year":"2013","journal-title":"RNA Biol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-019-0310-0","article-title":"Harnessing type I CRISPR-Cas systems for genome engineering in human cells","volume":"37","author":"Cameron","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. 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