{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T07:51:34Z","timestamp":1793260294690,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82302635"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82302635"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003399","name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23YF1434600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23YF1434600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003399","name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZD2021CY001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZD2021CY001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Introduction:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a life-threatening disease in immunocompromised individuals, creating an urgent need for rapid, sensitive, and user-friendly methods for early detection of\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    spores in clinical and environmental samples.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    In this study, we developed a rapid ultrasonication-based beads beating (USBB) method for cell lysis and fungal DNA release, along with an integrated magnetic beads-based direct amplification (MBDA) method utilizing microfluidic chip technology. Our flexible thin-film microfluidic chip was developed to enable immediate contacting with an ultrasonic oscillator for nucleic acid extraction.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results and discussion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The chip achieved a lysis efficiency of 85.5% for\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    at 10\n                    <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                    spores per sample. Magnetic beads releasing Fe ions at 75-860 ng\/mL allowed high-efficiency direct PCR amplification. Complete transfer of the nucleic acid extract into PCR amplification led to a 100-fold improvement in detection sensitivity. The integrated USBB-MBDA system completed the entire workflow from sample-in to result-out within 35 min (5 min fungal DNA release and 30 min TaqMan assay). Using this approach, we achieved simultaneous triplex detection of\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:italic>fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus niger<\/jats:italic>\n                    , with a sensitivity as low as 10 spores per test. Validation on 37 clinical samples showed complete concordance with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS). This study establishes an integrated nucleic acid extraction and magnetic bead\u2013enabled direct amplification strategy, providing a versatile approach for the development of automated analytical platforms with broad applicability to\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    diagnostics.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2026.1775828","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T06:42:48Z","timestamp":1771483368000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Multiplex on-chip detection of Aspergillus by integrated ultrasonication-based bead beating lysis and magnetic beads direct amplification"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jinyu","family":"Zhong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiliang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth People\u2019s Hospital of Wuxi","place":["Wuxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoning","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IngeDx Technologies Co., Ltd.","place":["Suzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection and Immunity","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guodong","family":"Sui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1039\/b921112h","article-title":"Wireless induction heating in a microfluidic device for cell lysis","volume":"10","author":"Baek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lab. 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