{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T06:00:32Z","timestamp":1781071232861,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009391","name":"University of Tabuk","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009391","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Diabetes is considered a serious chronic disease that carries a high risk of significant complications. Recently, the utilization of natural hypoglycemic plants has been increasing for the management of diabetes due to their biosafety, low side effects, and economical features.\n                      <jats:italic>Opuntia ficus-indica<\/jats:italic>\n                      (OFI) fruit has various pharmacological properties as a source of bioactive compounds, which have shown effectiveness in diabetes treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fruits peel mucilage (FM) was extracted from OFI fruit for the green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), which were then encapsulated with chitosan (Ch) to generate nanocomposites (Ch\/FM\/SeNPs). This study was carried out to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of nanocomposites (Ch\/FM\/SeNPs) against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Accordingly, rats were divided into six groups, namely, normal control (GI), diabetic control (GII), treatment groups (GIII, GIV, and GV) administered nanocomposite powder (Ch\/FM\/SeNPs) with concentrations 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3\u00a0mg\/kg, respectively, and (GVI) received glibenclamide at a dose of 5\u00a0mg\/kg for 28\u00a0days. At the end of the treatment, the rats were subjected to analysis including body weight, blood glucose level, lipid profile, and hepatic and renal function tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The nanocomposite (Ch\/FM\/SeNPs) had an average particle size (PS) of 81.18\u00a0nm and a positive charge (+30.11\u00a0mV), with an equivalent ratio of Ch and FM\/SeNPs (1:1). The average particle size of FM\/SeNPs was 6.34\u00a0nm with a negative charge (\u221225.93\u00a0mV). The morphological characteristics indicated semi-spherical shapes of the nanocomposites (NCs) and stabilization and homogenous distribution of SeNPs within the polymer nanocomposites. The results indicated that treatment of diabetic rats with nanocomposite powder (Ch\/FM\/SeNPs) at a concentration of 0.3\u00a0mg\/kg resulted in significant increases in body weight, along with significant reductions in blood glucose levels and improvement in biological parameters, lipid profile, and hepatic and renal function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Promisingly, the nanocomposite (Ch\/FM\/SeNPs) can be used as a hypoglycemic compound; therefore, it could be recommended for the development of antidiabetic drugs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2026.1836736","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T05:20:33Z","timestamp":1781068833000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nanocomposites of Opuntia ficus-indica mucilage-mediated selenium nanoparticles and nanochitosan as antidiabetic candidates in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Haddad A.","family":"El Rabey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk","place":["Tabuk, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara E.","family":"Elnagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fish Processing and Biotechnology, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University","place":["Kafrelsheikh, Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayman Y.","family":"Allam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University","place":["Shibin El Kom, Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amnah","family":"Obidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk","place":["Tabuk, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adel I.","family":"Alalawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk","place":["Tabuk, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahad M.","family":"Almutairi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk","place":["Tabuk, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad A.","family":"Tayel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fish Processing and Biotechnology, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University","place":["Kafrelsheikh, Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14310","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.14310","article-title":"An overview and update on the chemical composition and potential health benefits of opuntia ficus\u2010indica (L.) miller","volume":"46","author":"Abbas","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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