{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T11:09:00Z","timestamp":1788952140296,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    High-quality skin wound healing requires rapid closure, complete re-epithelialization, orderly collagen remodeling, minimal scarring, and restoration of local sensory function. Substantial evidence confirms that peripheral nerve regeneration in the skin is not a passive concomitant of repair, but a critical foundation for functional tissue regeneration. However, effective combinatorial strategies to synchronously promote nerve regeneration and wound healing via a personalized electroactive microenvironment remain an unmet clinical need, driving the development of targeted electroactive biomaterials. In this study, an electroactive polycaprolactone\/carbon nanotube (PCL\/CNT) nanopatch was fabricated by electrospinning. Its microstructure and electroactivity were characterized, and the biosafety and efficacy of the patch combined with exogenous electrical stimulation (ES) were evaluated.\n                    <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    , PC12 cell proliferation, neurite outgrowth, and neural marker expression were quantified.\n                    <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    efficacy and biosafety were assessed in a Sprague-Dawley rat full-thickness skin defect model. Compared with PCL, the PCL\/CNT nanopatch exhibited uniformly aligned fibers and significantly enhanced conductivity. PCL\/CNT + ES enhanced PC12 cell viability, promoted neurite outgrowth, and upregulated neural markers\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    , this group showed accelerated re-epithelialization, thicker granulation tissue, more organized collagen deposition, and elevated density of NF200-positive nerve fibers compared with the control, pure PCL, and PCL\/CNT groups. No visceral abnormalities were detected, confirming biosafety. The \u201ctopography guidance + electrical stimulation\u201d strategy exerted a synergistic effect on skin wound healing by enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration, coordinating tissue repair, and improving healing quality. This study presents a promising therapeutic approach for high-quality wound healing and supports the rational design of electroactive biomaterials targeting synchronous nerve regeneration and wound repair.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2026.1852546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T10:12:13Z","timestamp":1788948733000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exogenous electrical stimulation combined with electroactive nanopatches promotes cutaneous nerve regeneration and wound healing"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Chenxi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hand Microsurgery and Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, Ningbo No.6 Hospital","place":["Ningbo, China"]},{"name":"Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation","place":["Ningbo, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baicheng","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Ningbo University","place":["Ningbo, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaoxiang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hand Microsurgery and Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, Ningbo No.6 Hospital","place":["Ningbo, China"]},{"name":"Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation","place":["Ningbo, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianting","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hand Microsurgery and Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, Ningbo No.6 Hospital","place":["Ningbo, China"]},{"name":"Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation","place":["Ningbo, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongqiang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children\u2019s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University","place":["Wenzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiadong","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hand Microsurgery and Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, Ningbo No.6 Hospital","place":["Ningbo, China"]},{"name":"Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation","place":["Ningbo, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanqing","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hand Microsurgery and Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, Ningbo No.6 Hospital","place":["Ningbo, China"]},{"name":"Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation","place":["Ningbo, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-017-0390-0","article-title":"Surgical denervation of specific cutaneous nerves impedes excisional wound healing of small animal ear pinnae","volume":"55","author":"Alapure","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. 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