{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T08:31:45Z","timestamp":1782462705275,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell Dev. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Besides skeletal muscle dysfunction, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) exhibits a progressive cardiomyopathy characterized by an impaired calcium (Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>) homeostasis and a mitochondrial dysfunction. Here we aimed to determine whether sarco-endoplasmic reticulum (SR\/ER)\u2013mitochondria interactions and mitochondrial function were impaired in dystrophic heart at the early stage of the pathology. For this purpose, ventricular cardiomyocytes and mitochondria were isolated from 3-month-old dystrophin-deficient mice (<jats:italic>mdx<\/jats:italic> mice). The number of contacts points between the SR\/ER Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> release channels (IP3R1) and the porine of the outer membrane of the mitochondria, VDAC1, measured using <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> proximity ligation assay, was greater in <jats:italic>mdx<\/jats:italic> cardiomyocytes. Expression levels of IP3R1 as well as the mitochondrial Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> uniporter (MCU) and its regulated subunit, MICU1, were also increased in <jats:italic>mdx<\/jats:italic> heart. MICU2 expression was however unchanged. Furthermore, the mitochondrial Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> uptake kinetics and the mitochondrial Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> content were significantly increased. Meanwhile, the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>-dependent pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphorylation was reduced, and its activity significantly increased. In Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>-free conditions, pyruvate-driven complex I respiration was decreased whereas in the presence of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, complex I-mediated respiration was boosted. Further, impaired complex I-mediated respiration was independent of its intrinsic activity or expression, which remains unchanged but is accompanied by an increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production. Finally, <jats:italic>mdx<\/jats:italic> mice were treated with the complex I modulator metformin for 1 month. Metformin normalized the SR\/ER-mitochondria interaction, decreased MICU1 expression and mitochondrial Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> content, and enhanced complex I-driven respiration. In summary, before any sign of dilated cardiomyopathy, the DMD heart displays an aberrant SR\/ER-mitochondria coupling with an increase mitochondrial Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> homeostasis and a complex I dysfunction. Such remodeling could be reversed by metformin providing a novel therapeutic perspective in DMD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.609493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T13:20:38Z","timestamp":1611580838000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Metformin Reverses the Enhanced Myocardial SR\/ER\u2013Mitochondria Interaction and Impaired Complex I-Driven Respiration in Dystrophin-Deficient Mice"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Claire","family":"Angebault","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Panel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathilde","family":"Lac\u00f4te","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Rieusset","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Lacampagne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00e9my","family":"Fauconnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2018.10.017","article-title":"Speckle-tracking echocardiography in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a prospective multicenter controlled cross-sectional study","volume":"32","author":"Amedro","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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