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The activity of caspase-4\/11 is enhanced by endoplasmic reticulum stress (3), which occurs in fibrosis\/cirrhosis, leading to \u201csensitization\u201d of this pathway. Active caspase-4\/11 cleaves the dimeric protein Gasdermin D (GSDMD) (4), and freeing the N-terminal domain to migrate to the plasma membrane and form GSDMD N-terminal octameric pores (5). GSDMD pores insert themselves into the plasma membrane, allowing the deregulated passage of molecules and causing cell swelling and membrane rupture, eventually resulting in pyroptotic cell death (6).<\/jats:p><jats:p\/>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.668459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T08:50:52Z","timestamp":1671007852000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The Lipopolysaccharide-Sensing Caspase(s)-4\/11 Are Activated in Cirrhosis and Are Causally Associated With Progression to Multi-Organ Injury"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Ugo","family":"Soffientini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Beaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukriti","family":"Baweja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chhagan","family":"Bihari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abeba","family":"Habtesion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishal","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie","family":"Paradis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Archana","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tu Vinh","family":"Luong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aida","family":"Nadar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiv","family":"Sarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shilpa","family":"Chokshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedicte","family":"Py","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Moreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajiv","family":"Jalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gautam","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2564","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12850","article-title":"Mechanism of cell death in acute-on-chronic liver failure: a clinico-pathologic-biomarker study.","volume":"35","author":"Adebayo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1002\/cld.827","article-title":"Altered Microbiota in Cirrhosis and Its Relationship to the Development of Infection.","volume":"14","author":"Bajaj","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. 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