{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T19:35:36Z","timestamp":1793043336267,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":191,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]],"date-time":"2023-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81871574"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81871574"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell Dev. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Refractory skin defects such as pressure ulcers, diabetic ulcers, and vascular ulcers represent a challenge for clinicians and researchers in many aspects. The treatment strategies for wound healing have high cost and limited efficacy. To ease the financial and psychological burden on patients, a more effective therapeutic approach is needed to address the chronic wound. MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exosomes), the main bioactive extracellular vesicles of the paracrine effect of MSCs, have been proposed as a new potential cell-free approach for wound healing and skin regeneration. The benefits of MSC-exosomes include their ability to promote angiogenesis and cell proliferation, increase collagen production, regulate inflammation, and finally improve tissue regenerative capacity. However, poor targeting and easy removability of MSC-exosomes from the wound are major obstacles to their use in clinical therapy. Thus, the concept of bioengineering technology has been introduced to modify exosomes, enabling higher concentrations and construction of particles of greater stability with specific therapeutic capability. The use of biomaterials to load MSC-exosomes may be a promising strategy to concentrate dose, create the desired therapeutic efficacy, and maintain a sustained release effect. The beneficial role of MSC-exosomes in wound healing is been widely accepted; however, the potential of bioengineering-modified MSC-exosomes remains unclear. In this review, we attempt to summarize the therapeutic applications of modified MSC-exosomes in wound healing and skin regeneration. The challenges and prospects of bioengineered MSC-exosomes are also discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1029671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]],"date-time":"2023-02-27T02:01:50Z","timestamp":1677463310000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Bioengineered MSC-derived exosomes in skin wound repair and regeneration"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Hanxing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengyong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hairui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siwei","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yudong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenqing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeqian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baoyun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhixing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-016-0339-2","article-title":"A comprehensive insight on ocular pharmacokinetics","volume":"6","author":"Agrahari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Deliv. Transl. Res."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1009951","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1009951","article-title":"MicroRNAs are minor constituents of extracellular vesicles that are rarely delivered to target cells","volume":"17","author":"Albanese","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1807","article-title":"Delivery of siRNA to the mouse brain by systemic injection of targeted exosomes","volume":"29","author":"Alvarez-Erviti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12993","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.12993","article-title":"Exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells and application to skin wound healing","volume":"54","author":"An","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Prolif."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11604","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.2c00125","article-title":"Nanochitin: Chemistry, structure, assembly, and applications","volume":"122","author":"Bai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2020.08.003","article-title":"GMP-compliant sponge-like dressing containing MSC lyo-secretome: Proteomic network of healing in a murine wound model","volume":"155","author":"Bari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2017.02.020","article-title":"Exosomes: Therapy delivery tools and biomarkers of diseases","volume":"174","author":"Barile","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-019-1276-z","article-title":"Therapeutic angiogenesis using stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: An emerging approach for treatment of ischemic diseases","volume":"10","author":"Bian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18071450","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem\/stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles and their potential as novel immunomodulatory therapeutic agents","volume":"18","author":"B\u00f6rger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2002070","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202002070","article-title":"HOTAIR-loaded mesenchymal stem\/stromal cell extracellular vesicles enhance angiogenesis and wound healing","volume":"11","author":"Born","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2160","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.17-0133","article-title":"Inferior in vivo osteogenesis and superior angiogenesis of human adipose-derived stem cells compared with bone marrow-derived stem cells cultured in xeno-free conditions","volume":"6","author":"Brennan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl. Med."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.3390\/cells7120273","article-title":"Tangential flow filtration for highly efficient concentration of extracellular vesicles from large volumes of fluid","volume":"7","author":"Busatto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2022.01.013","article-title":"3D-MSCs A151 ODN-loaded exosomes are immunomodulatory and reveal a proteomic cargo that sustains wound resolution","volume":"41","author":"Cam\u00f5es","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00146","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in regenerative medicine: Applications in skin wound healing","volume":"8","author":"Casado-D\u00edaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(05)67699-4","article-title":"Treatment for diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"366","author":"Cavanagh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9070824","article-title":"Elastomeric cardiowrap scaffolds functionalized with mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes induce a positive modulation in the inflammatory and wound healing response of mesenchymal stem cell and macrophage","volume":"9","author":"Chachques","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6120173","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6120173","article-title":"Insight into reepithelialization: How do mesenchymal stem cells perform?","volume":"2016","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0392-8","article-title":"Exosomal PD-L1 contributes to immunosuppression and is associated with anti-PD-1 response","volume":"560","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm-2019-0419","article-title":"Intracellular uptake of and sensing with SERS-active hybrid exosomes: Insight into a role of metal nanoparticles","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanomedicine (Lond)"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp857","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell secretes microparticles enriched in pre-microRNAs","volume":"38","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14888","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1408301111","article-title":"Quantitative and stoichiometric analysis of the microRNA content of exosomes","volume":"111","author":"Chevillet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2022.112580","article-title":"Preparation of thermo-responsive polymer encapsulated exosomes and its role as a therapeutic agent for blood clot lysis","volume":"216","author":"Das","year":"2022","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.06.001","article-title":"Monocyte and macrophage plasticity in tissue repair and regeneration","volume":"185","author":"Das","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"cvac031","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvac031","article-title":"Methods for the identification and characterization of extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular studies - from exosomes to microvesicles","author":"Davidson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240600855905","article-title":"Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement","volume":"8","author":"Dominici","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2015.04.014","article-title":"Stem cell heterogeneity and plasticity in epithelia","volume":"16","author":"Donati","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3830","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11233830","article-title":"Circulating small extracellular vesicle-derived miR-342-5p ameliorates beta-amyloid formation via targeting beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 in alzheimer's disease","volume":"11","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8070727","article-title":"Overview of extracellular vesicles, their origin, composition, purpose, and methods for exosome isolation and analysis","volume":"8","author":"Doyle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1039\/d0nr07622h","article-title":"Exosome-mediated delivery of gene vectors for gene therapy","volume":"13","author":"Duan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.15283\/ijsc17043","article-title":"Histological evaluation of experimentally induced critical size defect skin wounds using exosomal solution of mesenchymal stem cells derived microvesicles","volume":"10","author":"El-Tookhy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Stem Cells"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2017.10.040","article-title":"The emerging role of exosome-derived non-coding RNAs in cancer biology","volume":"414","author":"Fan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3663","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.26574","article-title":"Immortalization of canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their seminiferous tubule transplantation","volume":"119","author":"Fang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell Biochem."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2015-0367","article-title":"Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal MicroRNAs suppress myofibroblast differentiation by inhibiting the transforming growth factor-\u03b2\/SMAD2 pathway during wound healing","volume":"5","author":"Fang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl. Med."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2015.0635","article-title":"Challenges in the treatment of chronic wounds","volume":"4","author":"Frykberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care (New Rochelle)"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8080784","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell migration and tissue repair","volume":"8","author":"Fu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2014.11.029","article-title":"Active loading into extracellular vesicles significantly improves the cellular uptake and photodynamic effect of porphyrins","volume":"205","author":"Fuhrmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Control Release"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2021.112613","article-title":"A multifunctional antibacterial and self-healing hydrogel laden with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for accelerating diabetic wound healing","volume":"133","author":"Geng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomater. Adv."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.21037\/sci.2017.09.06","article-title":"Clinical potential of mesenchymal stem\/stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles","volume":"4","author":"Giebel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Investig."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18061122","article-title":"Engineering exosomes for cancer therapy","volume":"18","author":"Gilligan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2021.01.001","article-title":"Critical considerations for the development of potency tests for therapeutic applications of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived small extracellular vesicles","volume":"23","author":"Gimona","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20389","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v2i0.20389","article-title":"As we wait: Coping with an imperfect nomenclature for extracellular vesicles","volume":"2","author":"Gould","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2018.03.005","article-title":"Smurf1 regulates macrophage proliferation, apoptosis and migration via JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways","volume":"97","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-021-00730-1","article-title":"The exosome journey: From biogenesis to uptake and intracellular signalling","volume":"19","author":"Gurung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.3390\/life11070665","article-title":"Cutaneous wound healing: An update from physiopathology to current therapies","volume":"11","author":"Gushiken","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.119351","article-title":"A human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) delivery platform using engineered uterine exosomes to improve endometrial receptivity","volume":"275","author":"Hajipour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2015.03.033","article-title":"Exosomes as drug delivery vehicles for Parkinson's disease therapy","volume":"207","author":"Haney","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Control Release"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7132708","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7132708","article-title":"MSC-derived exosome promotes M2 polarization and enhances cutaneous wound healing","volume":"2019","author":"He","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-022-04090-5","article-title":"Curcumin-loaded mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes efficiently attenuate proliferation and inflammatory response in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes","volume":"195","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2009.00860.x","article-title":"Human liver stem cell-derived microvesicles accelerate hepatic regeneration in hepatectomized rats","volume":"14","author":"Herrera","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104619","article-title":"A photo-triggering double cross-linked adhesive, antibacterial, and biocompatible hydrogel for wound healing","volume":"25","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2020.104468","article-title":"Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes suppress dermal fibroblasts-myofibroblats transition via inhibiting the TGF-\u03b21\/Smad 2\/3 signaling pathway","volume":"115","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Pathol."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.21234","article-title":"Exosomes from human umbilical cord blood accelerate cutaneous wound healing through miR-21-3p-mediated promotion of angiogenesis and fibroblast function","volume":"8","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.02.007","article-title":"Development of a novel RNAi therapy: Engineered miR-31 exosomes promoted the healing of diabetic wounds","volume":"6","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2020.08.003","article-title":"Exosomes derived from TSG-6 modified mesenchymal stromal cells attenuate scar formation during wound healing","volume":"177","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00870","article-title":"Pluripotency of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adult marrow","volume":"418","author":"Jiang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9412","DOI":"10.1016\/s0021-9258(18)48095-7","article-title":"Vesicle formation during reticulocyte maturation. Association of plasma membrane activities with released vesicles (exosomes)","volume":"262","author":"Johnstone","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21030727","article-title":"Current knowledge and future perspectives on mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a new therapeutic agent","volume":"21","author":"Joo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2712","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3712","article-title":"Ongoing activation of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors mediates maturation of exosomal multivesicular endosomes","volume":"4","author":"Kajimoto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601176","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2020.601176","article-title":"Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles reduce neuroinflammation, promote neural cell proliferation and improve oligodendrocyte maturation in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury","volume":"14","author":"Kaminski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell Neurosci."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8278","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44569-6","article-title":"Surface modification of gold nanoparticles with neuron-targeted exosome for enhanced blood-brain barrier penetration","volume":"9","author":"Khongkow","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2018.12.014","article-title":"Advanced drug delivery systems and artificial skin grafts for skin wound healing","volume":"146","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3119","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19103119","article-title":"Exosomes secreted from induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells accelerate skin cell proliferation","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2750","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-2954","article-title":"PTEN loss confers BRAF inhibitor resistance to melanoma cells through the suppression of BIM expression","volume":"71","author":"KimParaiso","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03733-8","article-title":"Designer exosomes produced by implanted cells intracerebrally deliver therapeutic cargo for Parkinson's disease treatment","volume":"9","author":"Kojima","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2014.41","article-title":"MSC-Derived exosomes: A novel tool to treat therapy-refractory graft-versus-host disease","volume":"28","author":"Kordelas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.3390\/ph14121263","article-title":"Antimicrobial and regenerative effects of placental multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell secretome-based chitosan gel on infected burns in rats","volume":"14","author":"Kudinov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharm. (Basel)"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbl2709256","article-title":"Targeting castration-resistant prostate cancer using mesenchymal stem cell exosomes for therapeutic MicroRNA-let-7c delivery","volume":"27","author":"Kurniawati","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scr.2009.12.003","article-title":"Exosome secreted by MSC reduces myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury","volume":"4","author":"Lai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R087411","article-title":"Membrane lipids define small extracellular vesicle subtypes secreted by mesenchymal stromal cells","volume":"60","author":"Lai","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2014.03.051","article-title":"Low immunogenicity of allogeneic human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo","volume":"446","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30087","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v4.30087","article-title":"Applying extracellular vesicles based therapeutics in clinical trials - an ISEV position paper","volume":"4","author":"Lener","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2022.11.006","article-title":"Impact of storage conditions and duration on function of native and cargo-loaded mesenchymal stromal cell extracellular vesicles","author":"Levy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaba6884","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aba6884","article-title":"Shattering barriers toward clinically meaningful MSC therapies","volume":"6","author":"Levy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2019.11.034","article-title":"The MSC-derived exosomal lncRNA H19 promotes wound healing in diabetic foot ulcers by upregulating PTEN via MicroRNA-152-3p","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00845","article-title":"Exosomes derived from miR-133b-modified mesenchymal stem cells promote recovery after spinal cord injury","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6830","DOI":"10.1039\/c6tb01560c","article-title":"Fabrication of hydroxyapatite\/chitosan composite hydrogels loaded with exosomes derived from miR-126-3p overexpressed synovial mesenchymal stem cells for diabetic chronic wound healing","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Mater Chem. B"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.18133","article-title":"Progress in exosome isolation techniques","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5240","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b17620","article-title":"Tissue-engineered bone immobilized with human adipose stem cells-derived exosomes promotes bone regeneration","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater Interfaces"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.170373","article-title":"Exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells promote endothelial cell angiogenesis by transferring miR-125a","volume":"129","author":"Liang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1900046","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201900046","article-title":"Adhesive hemostatic conducting injectable composite hydrogels with sustained drug release and photothermal antibacterial activity to promote full-thickness skin regeneration during wound healing","volume":"15","author":"Liang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2017.130","article-title":"Hematopoietic stem cell-derived exosomes promote hematopoietic differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells in vitro via inhibiting the miR126\/Notch1 pathway","volume":"39","author":"Liao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1700611","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201700611","article-title":"Exosome-liposome hybrid nanoparticles deliver CRISPR\/Cas9 system in MSCs","volume":"5","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. (Weinh)"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4430","DOI":"10.1039\/c7nr00352h","article-title":"Integration of stem cell-derived exosomes with in situ hydrogel glue as a promising tissue patch for articular cartilage regeneration","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.5603\/FHC.a2022.0015","article-title":"Application of adipose mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes-loaded \u03b2-chitin nanofiber hydrogel for wound healing","volume":"60","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Folia Histochem Cytobiol."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2018.01.045","article-title":"Nanoengineered injectable hydrogels for wound healing application","volume":"70","author":"Lokhande","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26913","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v3.26913","article-title":"Minimal experimental requirements for definition of extracellular vesicles and their functions: A position statement from the international society for extracellular vesicles","volume":"3","author":"L\u00f6tvall","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2017.12","article-title":"Engineering exosomes as refined biological nanoplatforms for drug delivery","volume":"38","author":"Luan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1528109","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2018.1528109","article-title":"Precipitation with polyethylene glycol followed by washing and pelleting by ultracentrifugation enriches extracellular vesicles from tissue culture supernatants in small and large scales","volume":"7","author":"Ludwig","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2022.01.016","article-title":"Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles inhibit shoulder stiffness via let-7a\/Tgfbr1 axis","volume":"17","author":"Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20884","DOI":"10.1039\/c9nr02791b","article-title":"Aptamer-functionalized exosomes from bone marrow stromal cells target bone to promote bone regeneration","volume":"11","author":"Luo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00177","article-title":"Engineered human adipose stem-cell-derived exosomes loaded with miR-21-5p to promote diabetic cutaneous wound healing","volume":"17","author":"Lv","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.01.016","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles and retinal ischemia-reperfusion","volume":"197","author":"Mathew","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-018-0250-9","article-title":"Specificities of secretion and uptake of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles for cell-to-cell communication","volume":"21","author":"Mathieu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4389","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24384-2","article-title":"Specificities of exosome versus small ectosome secretion revealed by live intracellular tracking of CD63 and CD9","volume":"12","author":"Mathieu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3153","DOI":"10.2147\/ijn.S133430","article-title":"Pseudotyping exosomes for enhanced protein delivery in mammalian cells","volume":"12","author":"Meyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomedicine"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23052521","article-title":"Treatment of chronic kidney disease with extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells and CD133(+) expanded cells: A comparative preclinical analysis","volume":"23","author":"Miyasaki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-020-00299-w","article-title":"The evolving translational potential of small extracellular vesicles in cancer","volume":"20","author":"M\u00f6ller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-019-0223-5","article-title":"Extracellular vesicle-based therapeutics: Natural versus engineered targeting and trafficking","volume":"51","author":"Murphy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.1c00094","article-title":"Natural or synthetic RNA delivery: A stoichiometric comparison of extracellular vesicles and synthetic nanoparticles","volume":"21","author":"Murphy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2020.06.026","article-title":"Adiponectin stimulates exosome release to enhance mesenchymal stem-cell-driven therapy of heart failure in mice","volume":"28","author":"Nakamura","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.016782","article-title":"Clinical challenges of chronic wounds: Searching for an optimal animal model to recapitulate their complexity","volume":"7","author":"Nunan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dis. Model Mech."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6644463","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6644463","article-title":"Effect of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles on damaged human corneal endothelial cells","volume":"2021","author":"Nuzzi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2012.180","article-title":"Systemically injected exosomes targeted to EGFR deliver antitumor microRNA to breast cancer cells","volume":"21","author":"Ohno","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-020-00739-7","article-title":"Improvement of stem cell-derived exosome release efficiency by surface-modified nanoparticles","volume":"18","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnology"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5411.143","article-title":"Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"284","author":"Pittenger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3198","article-title":"MicroRNA profiling: Approaches and considerations","volume":"13","author":"Pritchard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7197","DOI":"10.1039\/d0tb01100b","article-title":"A moisturizing chitosan-silk fibroin dressing with silver nanoparticles-adsorbed exosomes for repairing infected wounds","volume":"8","author":"Qian","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mater Chem. B"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10010048","article-title":"Engineering extracellular vesicles as nanotherapeutics for regenerative medicine","volume":"10","author":"Ramasubramanian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.17-0055","article-title":"Concise review: Developing best-practice models for the therapeutic use of extracellular vesicles","volume":"6","author":"Reiner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl. Med."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-019-1152-x","article-title":"Microvesicles from human adipose stem cells promote wound healing by optimizing cellular functions via AKT and ERK signaling pathways","volume":"10","author":"Ren","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01368","article-title":"Sustained delivery system for stem cell-derived exosomes","volume":"10","author":"Riau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-061616-030146","article-title":"Stem cell extracellular vesicles: Extended messages of regeneration","volume":"57","author":"Riazifar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13101546","article-title":"Synergistic effect of biomaterial and stem cell for skin tissue engineering in cutaneous wound healing: A concise review","volume":"13","author":"Riha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polym. (Basel)"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2022.11.011","article-title":"Engineered extracellular vesicles for delivery of siRNA promoting targeted repair of traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"23","author":"Rong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2021.11.002","article-title":"Exosome-loaded hydrogels: A new cell-free therapeutic approach for skin regeneration","volume":"171","author":"Safari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.07.042","article-title":"Surface functionalization of exosomes for target-specific delivery and in vivo imaging & tracking: Strategies and significance","volume":"326","author":"Salunkhe","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Control Release"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E266","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.12807","article-title":"A dermal equivalent engineered with TGF-\u03b23 expressing bone marrow stromal cells and amniotic membrane: Cosmetic healing of full-thickness skin wounds in rats","volume":"40","author":"Samadikuchaksaraei","year":"2016","journal-title":"Artif. Organs"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652970","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2021.652970","article-title":"Mesenchymal stromal cells and their secretome: New therapeutic perspectives for skeletal muscle regeneration","volume":"9","author":"Sandon\u00e0","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-475x.11.s2.1.x","article-title":"Wound bed preparation: A systematic approach to wound management","volume":"11","author":"Schultz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00534","article-title":"New technologies for analysis of extracellular vesicles","volume":"118","author":"Shao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-019-03220-3","article-title":"Knockout of beta-2 microglobulin enhances cardiac repair by modulating exosome imprinting and inhibiting stem cell-induced immune rejection","volume":"77","author":"Shao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6616","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.57701","article-title":"TGF-\u03b2 loaded exosome enhances ischemic wound healing in vitro and in vivo","volume":"11","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00904","article-title":"GMSC-derived exosomes combined with a chitosan\/silk hydrogel sponge accelerates wound healing in a diabetic rat skin defect model","volume":"8","author":"Shi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C848","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00041.2020","article-title":"Exosomes derived from mmu_circ_0000250-modified adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote wound healing in diabetic mice by inducing miR-128-3p\/SIRT1-mediated autophagy","volume":"318","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2019.11.020","article-title":"Genetically engineered cell-derived nanoparticles for targeted breast cancer immunotherapy","volume":"28","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm199909023411006","article-title":"Cutaneous wound healing","volume":"341","author":"Singer","year":"1999","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00282","article-title":"Mesenchymal stromal cell derived extracellular vesicles reduce hypoxia-ischaemia induced perinatal brain injury","volume":"10","author":"Sisa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1800","article-title":"Glioblastoma microvesicles transport RNA and proteins that promote tumour growth and provide diagnostic biomarkers","volume":"10","author":"Skog","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1021\/bc500291r","article-title":"Surface functionalization of exosomes using click chemistry","volume":"25","author":"Smyth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioconjug Chem."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2008.0254","article-title":"Influence of adult mesenchymal stem cells on in vitro vascular formation","volume":"15","author":"Sorrell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part A"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1709262","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2019.1709262","article-title":"Exosomal PD-L1 functions as an immunosuppressant to promote wound healing","volume":"9","author":"Su","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2200849","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202200849","article-title":"Engineered exosomes containing cathelicidin\/LL-37 exhibit multiple biological functions","volume":"11","author":"Su","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2200895","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202200895","article-title":"An optimally designed engineering exosome-reductive COF integrated nanoagent for synergistically enhanced diabetic fester wound healing","volume":"18","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8040533","article-title":"Thrombin preconditioning of extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells accelerates cutaneous wound healing by boosting their biogenesis and enriching cargo content","volume":"8","author":"Sung","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2022.101663","article-title":"Repair, regeneration and rejuvenation require un-entangling pluripotency from senescence","volume":"80","author":"Tabibzadeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a023267","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a023267","article-title":"Wound healing and skin regeneration","volume":"5","author":"Takeo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.3390\/ph14040345","article-title":"Assessment of tumorigenic potential in mesenchymal-stem\/stromal-cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEV)","volume":"14","author":"Tan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.17133","article-title":"Exosomes derived from miR-140-5p-overexpressing human synovial mesenchymal stem cells enhance cartilage tissue regeneration and prevent osteoarthritis of the knee in a rat model","volume":"7","author":"Tao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.Ccr-17-2664","article-title":"Clinical significance of PD-L1(+) exosomes in plasma of head and neck cancer patients","volume":"24","author":"Theodoraki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1535750","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2018.1535750","article-title":"Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): A position statement of the international society for extracellular vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines","volume":"7","author":"Th\u00e9ry","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870193","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.870193","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stromal cells release functional mitochondria in extracellular vesicles","volume":"10","author":"Thomas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6507","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.56367","article-title":"Targeted delivery of neural progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicles for anti-inflammation after cerebral ischemia","volume":"11","author":"Tian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2015.123","article-title":"Obesity reduces the pro-angiogenic potential of adipose tissue stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) by impairing miR-126 content: Impact on clinical applications","volume":"40","author":"Togliatto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. (Lond)"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1042\/bst20180079","article-title":"MSC exosome works through a protein-based mechanism of action","volume":"46","author":"Toh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1087-0024.2000.00014.x","article-title":"Angiogenesis in wound healing","volume":"5","author":"Tonnesen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol Symp. Proc."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1153124","article-title":"Ceramide triggers budding of exosome vesicles into multivesicular endosomes","volume":"319","author":"Trajkovic","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2019.05.004","article-title":"Mesenchymal stromal cell homing: Mechanisms and strategies for improvement","volume":"15","author":"Ullah","year":"2019","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1800163","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.201800163","article-title":"Proteomic signature of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived small extracellular vesicles","volume":"19","author":"van Balkom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9081797","article-title":"Feasibility of mechanical extrusion to coat nanoparticles with extracellular vesicle membranes","volume":"9","author":"Van Deun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.125","article-title":"Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles","volume":"19","author":"van Niel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.23736\/s0026-4806.20.07205-5","article-title":"Stem cell-derived exosomes for wound healing: Current status and promising directions","volume":"112","author":"Vu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Minerva Med."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1039\/c9bm01207a","article-title":"The fabrication of a highly efficient self-healing hydrogel from natural biopolymers loaded with exosomes for the synergistic promotion of severe wound healing","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.29766","article-title":"Engineering bioactive self-healing antibacterial exosomes hydrogel for promoting chronic diabetic wound healing and complete skin regeneration","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.15283\/ijsc21067","article-title":"Pharmaceutical activation of Nrf2 accelerates diabetic wound healing by exosomes from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Stem Cells"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10279","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b03656","article-title":"Efficient angiogenesis-based diabetic wound healing\/skin reconstruction through bioactive antibacterial adhesive ultraviolet shielding nanodressing with exosome release","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2402916","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2402916","article-title":"Fetal dermal mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes accelerate cutaneous wound healing by activating Notch signaling","volume":"2019","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19861","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v2i0.19861","article-title":"How pure are your vesicles?","volume":"2","author":"Webber","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaav8521","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aav8521","article-title":"Advances in therapeutic applications of extracellular vesicles","volume":"11","author":"Wiklander","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2017.00063","article-title":"Toward exosome-based therapeutics: Isolation, heterogeneity, and fit-for-purpose potency","volume":"4","author":"Willis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Cardiovasc Med."},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20360","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v2i0.20360","article-title":"Standardization of sample collection, isolation and analysis methods in extracellular vesicle research","volume":"2","author":"Witwer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609206","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2019.1609206","article-title":"Defining mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-derived small extracellular vesicles for therapeutic applications","volume":"8","author":"Witwer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1967.tb08741.x","article-title":"The nature and significance of platelet products in human plasma","volume":"13","author":"Wolf","year":"1967","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-021-00958-6","article-title":"Bone mesenchymal stem cells stimulation by magnetic nanoparticles and a static magnetic field: Release of exosomal miR-1260a improves osteogenesis and angiogenesis","volume":"19","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnology"},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.120467","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles: A bright star of nanomedicine","volume":"269","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2022.109193","article-title":"Exosomes from M2-polarized macrophages relieve oxygen\/glucose deprivation\/normalization-induced neuronal injury by activating the Nrf2\/HO-1 signaling","volume":"721","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.2174\/1871530322666220523151713","article-title":"Engineered BMSCs-derived exosomal miR-542-3p promotes cutaneous wound healing","volume":"23","author":"Xiong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocr. Metab. Immune Disord. Drug Targets"},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-01777-6","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles from adipose-derived stem cells ameliorate ultraviolet B-induced skin photoaging by attenuating reactive oxygen species production and inflammation","volume":"11","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.00011","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles from Notch activated cardiac mesenchymal stem cells promote myocyte proliferation and neovasculogenesis","volume":"8","author":"Xuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12827","article-title":"Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome miR-29b-3p alleviates UV irradiation-induced photoaging in skin fibroblast","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed."},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5911","DOI":"10.2147\/ijn.S249129","article-title":"Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes combined pluronic F127 hydrogel promote chronic diabetic wound healing and complete skin regeneration","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomedicine"},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-018-0060-4","article-title":"Exosomal PD-L1 harbors active defense function to suppress T cell killing of breast cancer cells and promote tumor growth","volume":"28","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2021.04.030","article-title":"Exosomal circ_0030167 derived from BM-MSCs inhibits the invasion, migration, proliferation and stemness of pancreatic cancer cells by sponging miR-338-5p and targeting the Wif1\/Wnt8\/\u03b2-catenin axis","volume":"512","author":"Yao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2012.07.001","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell: An efficient mass producer of exosomes for drug delivery","volume":"65","author":"Yeo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s40364-019-0159-x","article-title":"Exosomes from mesenchymal stem\/stromal cells: A new therapeutic paradigm","volume":"7","author":"Yin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomark. Res."},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.04.003","article-title":"Molecular imaging based on metabolic glycoengineering and bioorthogonal click chemistry","volume":"132","author":"Yoon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabe0083","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abe0083","article-title":"Metabolically engineered stem cell-derived exosomes to regulate macrophage heterogeneity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"7","author":"You","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2021.12398","article-title":"Exosomes from miR-29a-modified adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells reduce excessive scar formation by inhibiting TGF-\u03b22\/Smad3 signaling","volume":"24","author":"Yuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3200","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-017-0041-4","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles from human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hiPSC-MSCs) protect against renal ischemia\/reperfusion injury via delivering specificity protein (SP1) and transcriptional activating of sphingosine kinase 1 and inhibiting necroptosis","volume":"8","author":"Yuan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2013.0479","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells secrete immunologically active exosomes","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev."},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-015-0417-0","article-title":"Exosomes released from human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived MSCs facilitate cutaneous wound healing by promoting collagen synthesis and angiogenesis","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2018.06.035","article-title":"Cell-free therapy based on adipose tissue stem cell-derived exosomes promotes wound healing via the PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway","volume":"370","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2021.07.014","article-title":"Hypoxic ucMSC-secreted exosomal miR-125b promotes endothelial cell survival and migration during wound healing by targeting TP53INP1","volume":"26","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12570","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.12570","article-title":"Exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells enhance fracture healing through HIF-1\u03b1-mediated promotion of angiogenesis in a rat model of stabilized fracture","volume":"52","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Prolif."},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-019-0282-2","article-title":"Exosomes: Biogenesis, biologic function and clinical potential","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Biosci."},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2020.111671","article-title":"Preparation of exosomes encapsulated nanohydrogel for accelerating wound healing of diabetic rats by promoting angiogenesis","volume":"120","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater Sci. Eng. C Mater Biol. Appl."},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-022-03008-6","article-title":"Comprehensive proteomic analysis of exosome mimetic vesicles and exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2021.0100","article-title":"Human exosomes accelerate cutaneous wound healing by promoting collagen synthesis in a diabetic mouse model","volume":"30","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev."},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-017-0578-2","article-title":"Therapeutic angiogenesis of adipose-derived stem cells for ischemic diseases","volume":"8","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-021-01037-x","article-title":"Challenges and advances in clinical applications of mesenchymal stromal cells","volume":"14","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-022-02980-3","article-title":"Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes encapsulated in pluronic F127 hydrogel promote wound healing and regeneration","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2022.114182","article-title":"Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells attenuate neurological damage in traumatic brain injury by alleviating glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity","volume":"357","author":"Zhuang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcell.2023.1029671\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]],"date-time":"2023-02-27T02:01:55Z","timestamp":1677463315000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcell.2023.1029671\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]]},"references-count":191,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcell.2023.1029671"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2023.1029671","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-634X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-634X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]]},"article-number":"1029671"}}