{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T01:35:13Z","timestamp":1791077713809,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK107944 GM121621"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK107944 GM121621"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell Dev. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:underline>B<\/jats:underline>\n                    cl-2-related\n                    <jats:underline>o<\/jats:underline>\n                    varian\n                    <jats:underline>k<\/jats:underline>\n                    iller, Bok, was first labeled \u201cpro-apoptotic\u201d due to its ability to cause cell death when over-expressed. However, it has become apparent that this is not a good name, since Bok is widely expressed in tissues other than ovaries. Further, there is serious doubt as to whether Bok is a real \u201ckiller,\u201d due to disparities in the ability of over-expressed versus endogenous Bok to trigger apoptosis. In this brief review, we rationalize these disparities and argue that endogenous Bok is very different from the pro-apoptotic, mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization mediators, Bak and Bax. Instead, Bok is a stable, endoplasmic reticulum-located protein bound to inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptors. From this location, Bok plays a variety of roles, including regulation of endoplasmic reticulum\/mitochondria contact sites and mitochondrial dynamics. Therefore, categorizing Bok as a \u201ckiller\u201d may well be misleading and instead, endogenous Bok would better be considered an endoplasmic reticulum-located \u201cbystander\u201d, with non-apoptotic roles.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1161910","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T01:31:01Z","timestamp":1681263061000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Bok: real killer or bystander with non-apoptotic roles?"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Caden G.","family":"Bonzerato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J. 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