{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T08:19:17Z","timestamp":1781597957116,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689638400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell Dev. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The optimization of culture conditions is one of the main strategies to improve the embryo development competence in <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilization (IVF). Glucose is an important carbon source while also exists in the oviductal fluid <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>, the effect of glucose in embryo development microenvironment is still unclear. Here we employed the LC-MS to detect and analyze the metabolites in the culture medium of different cleavage stages including 2-Cell, 4-Cell and 8-Cell mouse embryos, respectively. The effects of the external glucose were estimated by measuring the development rate at different glucose concentrations from 0 to 5\u00a0mmol\/L, and the gene expression changes were detected to explore the potential mechanism after the addition of glucose in the media. Our results indicated the 2-Cell and 8-Cell stages had defined characteristic metabolites, while 4-Cell stage was the transition state. Global and contiguous metabolic characteristics showed the glycometabolism play a critical role at each early cleavage stages during the embryo development. The 8-Cell rates demonstrated the addition of glucose in culture media significantly improve the embryo competence, the highest rate was 87.33% using 3\u00a0mmol\/L glucose in media, in contrast only 9.95% using the media without glucose. Meanwhile, the blocked embryos were mainly enriched at 2-Cell stage. Further transcriptome study found 3\u00a0mmol\/L glucose in media remarkably upregulated the gene expression of lipid biosynthesis at 2-Cell stage, the increased lipid was confirmed by nile red staining. These data indicated the glucose may promote the development competence through increasing the lipid biosynthesis to overcoming the 2-Cell block. Our findings were helpful for the further optimization of IVF culture media, as well as the estimation of embryo quality using metabolites in the culture media.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1208501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T10:10:22Z","timestamp":1689675022000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Glucose promoting the early embryonic development by increasing the lipid synthesis at 2-cell stage"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Mingwen","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinfeng","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chanyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingbin","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhigang","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.1.153","article-title":"Evidence that glucose is not always an inhibitor of mouse preimplantation development in vitro","volume":"16","author":"Biggers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum. 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