{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T19:52:11Z","timestamp":1780343531262,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell Dev. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Producing an adequate number of muscle stem cells (MuSCs) with robust regenerative potential is essential for the successful cell therapy of muscle-wasting disorders. We have recently developed a method to produce skeletal myogenic cells with exceptional engraftability and expandability through an <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> pluripotent stem cell (PSC) differentiation approach. We have subsequently mapped engraftment and gene expression and found that leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (<jats:italic>Lifr<\/jats:italic>) expression is positively correlated with engraftability. We therefore investigated the effect of LIF, the endogenous ligand of LIFR, on cultured MuSCs and examined their engraftment potential. We found that LIF-treated MuSCs exhibited elevated expression of PAX7, formed larger colonies from single cells, and favored the retention of PAX7<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> \u201creserve cells\u201d upon myogenic differentiation. This suggested that LIF promoted the maintenance of cultured MuSCs at a stem cell stage. Moreover, LIF enhanced the engraftment capability of MuSCs that had been expanded <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> for 12 days by 5-fold and increased the number of MuSCs that repopulated the stem cell pool post-transplantation. These results thereby demonstrated the effectiveness of our <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> PSC differentiation platform to identify positive regulators of the engraftability of cultured MuSCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2024.1362671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T04:26:58Z","timestamp":1707971218000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["In vivo PSC differentiation as a platform to identify factors for improving the engraftability of cultured muscle stem cells"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ning","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Sundquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunny S. 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