{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T20:41:55Z","timestamp":1774644115071,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell Dev. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are subdivided into Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and Ph-negative MPNs. <jats:italic>BCR::ABL1<\/jats:italic> translocation is essential for the development and diagnosis of CML; on the other hand, the majority of Ph-negative MPNs are characterized by generally mutually exclusive mutations of Janus kinase 2 (<jats:italic>JAK2<\/jats:italic>), calreticulin (<jats:italic>CALR<\/jats:italic>), or thrombopoietin receptor\/myeloproliferative leukemia (<jats:italic>MPL<\/jats:italic>). <jats:italic>CALR<\/jats:italic> mutations have been described essentially in <jats:italic>JAK2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>MPL<\/jats:italic> wild-type essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis. Rarely coexisting <jats:italic>CALR<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>MPL<\/jats:italic> mutations have been found in Ph-negative MPNs. <jats:italic>BCR::ABL1<\/jats:italic> translocation and <jats:italic>JAK2<\/jats:italic> mutations were initially considered mutually exclusive genomic events, but a discrete number of cases with the combination of these genetic alterations have been reported. The presence of <jats:italic>BCR::ABL1<\/jats:italic> translocation with a coexisting <jats:italic>CALR<\/jats:italic> mutation is even more uncommon. Herein, starting from a routinely diagnosed case of <jats:italic>CALR<\/jats:italic>-mutated primary myelofibrosis subsequently acquiring <jats:italic>BCR::ABL1<\/jats:italic> translocation, we performed a comprehensive review of the literature, discussing the clinicopathologic and molecular features, as well as the outcome and treatment of cases with <jats:italic>BCR::ABL1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>CALR<\/jats:italic> co-occurrence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2024.1391078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T04:28:52Z","timestamp":1711427332000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms with concomitant CALR mutation and BCR::ABL1 translocation: diagnostic and therapeutic implications of a rare hybrid 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