{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T19:35:53Z","timestamp":1790019353983,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell Dev. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study investigates the association between the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A\/2B (\n                      <jats:italic>CDKN2A\/2B<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) gene and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Chinese women, with a focus on potential gene-environment interactions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A case-control study was conducted with 1,566 pregnant women from Beijing, Wuhan, and Zunyi, China. Blood samples were analyzed using targeted next-generation sequencing. Logistic regression was applied to examine the relationship between gene polymorphisms, environmental exposures, and GDM. Gene-environment interactions were assessed using Excel tools developed by Knol and Andersson et al.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Genetic analysis revealed significant associations between two of the three loci: rs23832080 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002, OR = 0.801) and rs10811661 (P = 0.00055, OR = 0.746), and GDM. Haplotype analysis showed that haplotypes of these loci were correlated with GDM (AGC: P = 0.002, OR = 0.784; AAT:\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.024, OR = 1.183; GAT:\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.043, OR = 1.247). Environmental exposure analysis indicated that ozone (O\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) and PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      were associated with GDM. Interaction analysis revealed that the wild-type alleles of rs2383208 and rs10811661 interacted with O\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      , increasing the risk of GDM, while the wild-type allele of rs10811661 also interacted with PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      , further elevating GDM risk.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      CDKN2A\/2B gene polymorphisms, haplotypes, environmental exposure to O\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      and PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      , and gene-environment interactions contribute to an increased risk of GDM in Chinese women.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Chinese Clinical Trial Registry,\n                      <jats:ext-link>chictr.org.cn<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , ChiCTR2000029178.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2026.1725802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T05:50:27Z","timestamp":1776837027000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["CDKN2A\/2B gene variants and gene-environment interactions increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Chinese women"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University","place":["Zunyi, China"]},{"name":"The People\u2019s Hospital of QianNan","place":["Duyun, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runqiu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University","place":["Zunyi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University","place":["Zunyi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongsong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University","place":["Zunyi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5003","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21145003","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus: a harbinger of the vicious cycle of diabetes","volume":"21","author":"Alejandro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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