{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T06:15:04Z","timestamp":1771481704958,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":153,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell Dev. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized as central regulators of metabolic pathways, influencing glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory responses. Their ability to mediate inter-organ communication positions them as both biomarkers and therapeutic candidates for metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This review synthesizes recent literature on the mechanistic roles of exosomal miRNAs in metabolic regulation, their influence on insulin sensitivity and lipid homeostasis, and their interaction with cytokine networks. It also evaluates current approaches in exosome engineering, including miRNA enrichment, surface modification, and CRISPR\/Cas9-based editing, as well as emerging high-throughput technologies for profiling exosomal miRNAs. Exosomal miRNAs modulate insulin signaling, lipid catabolism, adipogenesis, and inflammatory responses, thereby contributing to metabolic adaptation and disease progression. Specific miRNAs, such as miR-122, miR-155, and miR-34a, have been implicated in obesity, diabetes, and NAFLD, serving as both biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Advances in exosome engineering and delivery strategies have demonstrated improved specificity, stability, and therapeutic efficacy. High-throughput sequencing and single-vesicle analyses provide insights into the heterogeneity and dynamics of exosomal miRNAs, supporting their clinical translation. Exosomal miRNAs represent promising tools for diagnosis and therapy in metabolic disorders. Their dual role as regulators of metabolic processes and carriers of therapeutic cargo underscores their potential in precision medicine. Future integration of bioengineering, CRISPR-based modulation, and omics-driven predictive modeling will enhance their translational applicability, paving the way for personalized therapies in metabolic diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2026.1731121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T05:22:50Z","timestamp":1771478570000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The interplay between exosomal miRNAs and cytokine networks in metabolic diseases"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Radhika","family":"Joshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith","place":["Banasthali, Rajasthan, India"]},{"name":"Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith","place":["Banasthali, Rajasthan, India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kanika","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, LSU Health Sciences Center","place":["Shreveport, LA, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Devesh U.","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Dayaram Patel Pharmacy College","place":["Bardoli, Gujarat, India"]},{"name":"Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University","place":["Rajpura, Punjab, India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vipin","family":"Saini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University Campus","place":["Haryana, India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Swapnil","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith","place":["Banasthali, Rajasthan, India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1051","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00399.2011","article-title":"Translational control mechanisms in metabolic regulation: critical role of RNA binding proteins, microRNAs, and cytoplasmic RNA granules","volume":"301","author":"Adeli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metabolism"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-021-00354-w","article-title":"MicroRNA-mediated regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism","volume":"22","author":"Agbu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2024.156724","article-title":"Inflammation-related miRNAs in obesity, CVD, and NAFLD","volume":"182","author":"Aghaei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2022.2033","article-title":"Manufacturing therapeutic exosomes: from bench to industry","volume":"45","author":"Ahn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Cells"},{"key":"B5","article-title":"Protein society diversity award winners","author":"Aljoudi","year":"2021"},{"key":"B6","volume-title":"Mechanisms underlying the modulation of hepatic lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in insulin resistant states: examining the contribution of the gut and adipose tissue","author":"Alvares","year":"2023"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2025.102629","article-title":"The impact of ncRNAs on type 2 diabetes: a comprehensive review covering molecular mechanisms to clinical applications","volume":"36","author":"Amine","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12843","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232112843","article-title":"miRNAs as biomarkers in diabetes: moving towards precision medicine","volume":"23","author":"Angelescu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.108493","article-title":"Dendritic cell immunotherapy with miR-155 enriched tumor-derived exosome suppressed cancer growth and induced antitumor immune responses in murine model of colorectal cancer induced by CT26 cell line","volume":"104","author":"Asadirad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2022.101606","article-title":"Non-coding RNA-based regulation of inflammation","volume":"59","author":"Ashrafizadeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Semin. Immunol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22031429","article-title":"Ancient evolutionary origin and properties of universally produced natural exosomes contribute to their therapeutic superiority compared to artificial nanoparticles","volume":"22","author":"Askenase","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.5b00067","article-title":"Self-assembly of nanostructured materials through irreversible covalent bond formation","volume":"48","author":"Baek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Accounts Chem. Res."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.126951","article-title":"A comprehensive review on the emerging role of long non-coding RNAs in the regulation of NF-\u03baB signaling in inflammatory lung diseases","volume":"253","author":"Bhat","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2443","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12202443","article-title":"Assessment of inner blood\u2013retinal barrier: animal models and methods","volume":"12","author":"Bora","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2017.01.020","article-title":"Shortcuts to a functional adipose tissue: the role of small non-coding RNAs","volume":"12","author":"Brandao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10071596","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles in organ fibrosis: mechanisms, therapies, and diagnostics","volume":"10","author":"Brigstock","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-023-01137-3","article-title":"Biomarkers of obesity-mediated insulin resistance: focus on microRNAs","volume":"15","author":"Cai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetol. Metabolic Syndrome"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1645","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.1645","article-title":"Engineering exosomes to reshape the immune microenvironment in breast cancer: molecular insights and therapeutic opportunities","volume":"14","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683026","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.683026","article-title":"Microglial morphology across distantly related species: phylogenetic, environmental and age influences on microglia reactivity and surveillance states","volume":"12","author":"Carvalho-Paulo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12158","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1808855115","article-title":"Obesity-associated exosomal miRNAs modulate glucose and lipid metabolism in mice","volume":"115","author":"Casta\u00f1o","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8080853","article-title":"Exosomes and their noncoding RNA cargo are emerging as new modulators for diabetes mellitus","volume":"8","author":"Chang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2023.01.009","article-title":"MicroRNAs: key modulators of inflammation-associated diseases","volume":"154","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2012.01.020","article-title":"The magic and mystery of microRNA-27 in atherosclerosis","volume":"222","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7510","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.102263","article-title":"MiR-27a promotes insulin resistance and mediates glucose metabolism by targeting PPAR-\u03b3-mediated PI3K\/AKT signaling","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2022.12.013","article-title":"Intelligent nanotherapeutic strategies for the delivery of CRISPR system","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2014.11.002","article-title":"Circulating microRNA as a diagnostic marker in populations with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications","volume":"78","author":"Chien","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Chin. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3390\/futurepharmacol5010011","article-title":"Inter-tissue communication mechanisms via exosomes and their implications in metabolic diseases: opportunities for pharmacological regulation","volume":"5","author":"Chimal-Vega","year":"2025","journal-title":"Future Pharmacol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s40580-024-00426-5","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles as nanotheranostic platforms for targeted neurological disorder interventions","volume":"11","author":"Choi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nano Converg."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-816053-4.00003-1","article-title":"Exosomes, microvesicles, and their friends in solid tumors","volume-title":"Exosomes","author":"Corbeil","year":"2020"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5338","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms14035338","article-title":"Exosomes as intercellular signaling organelles involved in health and disease: basic science and clinical applications","volume":"14","author":"Corrado","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-042222-024535","article-title":"Exosome-mediated impact on systemic metabolism","volume":"86","author":"Cunha e Rocha","year":"2024","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2022.109945","article-title":"Progress toward molecular therapy for diabetes mellitus: a focus on targeting inflammatory factors","volume":"189","author":"Dehghan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116337","article-title":"The Janus face of mitophagy in myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury and recovery","volume":"173","author":"Deng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1186\/s40824-023-00445-z","article-title":"Tumor-derived systems as novel biomedical tools\u2014turning the enemy into an ally","volume":"27","author":"Desai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomaterials Res."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.030","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles in endothelial cells: from mediators of cell-to-cell communication to cargo delivery tools","volume":"172","author":"Desideri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11060804","article-title":"Overview and update on extracellular vesicles: considerations on exosomes and their application in modern medicine","volume":"11","author":"Di Bella","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biology"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5029619","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5029619","article-title":"Towards therapeutic delivery of extracellular vesicles: strategies for in vivo tracking and biodistribution analysis","volume":"2016","author":"Di Rocco","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5813","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.58731","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles derived from M1 macrophages deliver miR-146a-5p and miR-146b-5p to suppress trophoblast migration and invasion by targeting TRAF6 in recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"11","author":"Ding","year":"2021","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-820719-2.00012-0","article-title":"MicroRNAs in pancreas and islet development and function","volume-title":"MicroRNA in regenerative medicine","author":"Dom\u00ednguez-Bendala","year":"2023"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1111\/tra.12803","article-title":"The role of lipids in exosome biology and intercellular communication: function, analytics and applications","volume":"22","author":"Donoso\u2010Quezada","year":"2021","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12061290","article-title":"Insights into the role of plasmatic and exosomal microRNAs in oxidative stress-related metabolic diseases","volume":"12","author":"Duisenbek","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381789","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2024.1381789","article-title":"Emerging role of exosomal microRNA in liver cancer in the era of precision medicine; potential and challenges","volume":"11","author":"El Hayek","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2021.114624","article-title":"Upregulation of miR-96-5p by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes alleviate non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: emphasis on caspase-2 signaling inhibition","volume":"190","author":"El-Derany","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.112563","article-title":"AMPK signaling in diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance and diabetic complications: a pre-clinical and clinical investigation","volume":"146","author":"Entezari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B50","article-title":"The role of VSMC MIR-33A expression on ApoA-I mediated cholesterol efflux and macrophage-like cell transdifferentiation","author":"Esobi","year":"2022"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.02.037","article-title":"Exosomes as therapeutics: the implications of molecular composition and exosomal heterogeneity","volume":"228","author":"Ferguson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/boc.201400081","article-title":"Immunomodulatory role of microRNAs transferred by extracellular vesicles","volume":"107","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Messina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Cell"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103628","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2022.103628","article-title":"New advances in exosome-based targeted drug delivery systems","volume":"172","author":"Ferreira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Oncol.\/Hematol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2017.08.002","article-title":"Exosomes, DAMPs and miRNA: features of stress physiology and immune homeostasis","volume":"38","author":"Fleshner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2451","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10092451","article-title":"Adipose tissue macrophages modulate obesity-associated \u03b2 cell adaptations through secreted miRNA-containing extracellular vesicles","volume":"10","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5998","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-05787-y","article-title":"Plasma-derived exosome characterization reveals a distinct microRNA signature in long duration type 1 diabetes","volume":"7","author":"Garcia-Contreras","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-016-2342-7","article-title":"Interplay of mitochondrial metabolism and microRNAs","volume":"74","author":"Geiger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12050992","article-title":"The role of extracellular vesicles in metabolic diseases","volume":"12","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Blanco","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16030311","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles in therapeutics: a comprehensive review on applications, challenges, and clinical progress","volume":"16","author":"Goo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-800101-1.00006-5","article-title":"Factors affecting insulin-regulated hepatic gene expression","volume":"121","author":"Guan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog. Mol. Biol. Transl. Sci."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13027","article-title":"Exosomes as new players in metabolic organ cross\u2010talk","volume":"19","author":"Guay","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S291956","article-title":"A comprehensive review on factors influences biogenesis, functions, therapeutic and clinical implications of exosomes","volume":"16","author":"Gurunathan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-020-01893-z","article-title":"Mitigating off-target effects in CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated in vivo gene editing","volume":"98","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2024.216960","article-title":"Revisiting the advances and challenges in the clinical applications of extracellular vesicles in cancer","volume":"593","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2023.06.001","article-title":"Exosomal noncoding RNA-mediated spatiotemporal regulation of lipid metabolism: implications in immune evasion and chronic inflammation","volume":"73","author":"Hegde","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2022.101581","article-title":"MicroRNAs in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: progress and perspectives","volume":"65","author":"Hochreuter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10635","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810635","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs as novel biomarkers of first-trimester screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in the absence of other pregnancy-related complications","volume":"23","author":"Hromadnikova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1080\/13813455.2019.1640744","article-title":"The miR-122 inhibition alleviates lipid accumulation and inflammation in NAFLD cell model","volume":"127","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Archives Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608680","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.608680","article-title":"Adipose extracellular vesicles in intercellular and inter-organ crosstalk in metabolic health and diseases","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2021.08.006","article-title":"Exosomes as mediators of intercellular crosstalk in metabolism","volume":"33","author":"Isaac","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101834","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmt.2023.101834","article-title":"Novel bioengineering strategies for drug delivery systems","volume":"33","author":"Jang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. Mater. Today"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2022.101487","article-title":"Engineered extracellular vesicles for bone therapy","volume":"44","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2012.03.020","article-title":"Plant-derived polyphenols regulate expression of miRNA paralogs miR-103\/107 and miR-122 and prevent diet-induced fatty liver disease in hyperlipidemic mice","volume":"1820","author":"Joven","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochimica Biophysica Acta"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3157","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14133157","article-title":"Urinary microRNAs and their significance in prostate cancer diagnosis: a 5-year update","volume":"14","author":"Juracek","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40200-024-01420-8","article-title":"AMPK pathway: an emerging target to control diabetes mellitus and its related complications","volume":"23","author":"Kakoti","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Metabolic Disord."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2157-7420.1000184","article-title":"An update on Microrna\u2019s and metabolic regulation with future therapeutic potentials regarding diagnosis and treatment of obesity, metabolic syndrome and other related disorders","volume":"6","author":"Kaur","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Heal. Med. Inf."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/s13105-020-00760-2","article-title":"Role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of T2DM, insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and \u03b2 cell dysfunction: the story so far","volume":"76","author":"Kaur","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmaa105","article-title":"Potential roles of adipocyte extracellular vesicle\u2013derived miRNAs in obesity-mediated insulin resistance","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pmbts.2016.12.013","article-title":"MicroRNAs as peripheral biomarkers in aging and age-related diseases","volume":"146","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prog. Mol. Biol. Transl. Sci."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-015-1296-9","article-title":"miR-375 gene dosage in pancreatic \u03b2-cells: implications for regulation of \u03b2-cell mass and biomarker development","volume":"93","author":"Latreille","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.18133","article-title":"Progress in exosome isolation techniques","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15010021","article-title":"The therapeutic potential and clinical significance of exosomes as carriers of drug delivery system","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fmre.2024.03.025","article-title":"Engineering exosomes and exosome-like nanovesicles for improving tissue targeting and retention","volume":"5","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fundam. Res."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3183","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.52570","article-title":"Engineering exosomes for targeted drug delivery","volume":"11","author":"Liang","year":"","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12090","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12090","article-title":"Emerging methods in biomarker identification for extracellular vesicle\u2010based liquid biopsy","volume":"10","author":"Liang","year":"","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7943","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25147943","article-title":"Cellular senescence and extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis and treatment of obesity\u2014a narrative review","volume":"25","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.30853","article-title":"Design strategies and application progress of therapeutic exosomes","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173904","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1173904","article-title":"Advances in the regulation of adipogenesis and lipid metabolism by exosomal ncRNAs and their role in related metabolic diseases","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Cell Devel. Biol."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2023.115176","article-title":"Ultrasound-nanovesicles interplay for theranostics","volume":"205","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339189","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1339189","article-title":"Beyond the promise: evaluating and mitigating off-target effects in CRISPR gene editing for safer therapeutics","volume":"11","author":"Lopes","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70038","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202401464R","article-title":"MicroRNAs in metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated diseases: pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities","volume":"38","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4332","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094332","article-title":"miR-155 as an important regulator of multiple sclerosis pathogenesis. A review","volume":"22","author":"Maciak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2018.00018","article-title":"Exosome-based cell-cell communication in the tumor microenvironment","volume":"6","author":"Maia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.3390\/children8030196","article-title":"The potential role of exosomes in child and adolescent obesity","volume":"8","author":"Maligianni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Children"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113449","article-title":"MicroRNAs in the cancer cell-to-cell communication: an insight into biological vehicles","volume":"153","author":"Mansoori","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12727","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12727","article-title":"Infected erythrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles alter vascular function via regulatory Ago2-miRNA complexes in malaria","volume":"7","author":"Mantel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.2337\/db17-0141","article-title":"Altered miR-29 expression in type 2 diabetes influences glucose and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle","volume":"66","author":"Massart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1186\/s12986-019-0412-1","article-title":"Milk exosomal miRNAs: potential drivers of AMPK-to-mTORC1 switching in \u03b2-cell de-differentiation of type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"16","author":"Melnik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12082111","article-title":"MicroRNA-21-enriched exosomes as epigenetic regulators in melanomagenesis and melanoma progression: the impact of western lifestyle factors","volume":"12","author":"Melnik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2014.03.014","article-title":"Exosome-mediated delivery of functionally active miRNA-155 inhibitor to macrophages","volume":"10","author":"Momen-Heravi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nanomed. Nanotechnol. Biol. Med."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.12.027","article-title":"Hybrid exosomes, exosome-like nanovesicles and engineered exosomes for therapeutic applications","volume":"353","author":"Mondal","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11619","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c04337","article-title":"Future of digital assays to resolve clinical heterogeneity of single extracellular vesicles","volume":"16","author":"Morales","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2005363","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202005363","article-title":"A comprehensive review on intracellular delivery","volume":"33","author":"Morshedi Rad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14050482","article-title":"A comparative analysis of na\u00efve exosomes and enhanced exosomes with a focus on the treatment potential in ovarian disorders","volume":"14","author":"Mousaei Ghasroldasht","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Personalized Med."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1121","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.1121","article-title":"Exploring the theranostic potentials of miRNA and epigenetic networks in autoimmune diseases: a comprehensive review","volume":"11","author":"Nag","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immun. Inflammation Disease"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10777","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241310777","article-title":"Effects of miR-33 deficiency on metabolic and cardiovascular diseases: implications for therapeutic intervention","volume":"24","author":"Ortega","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI123069","article-title":"Adipocyte-secreted exosomal microRNA-34a inhibits M2 macrophage polarization to promote obesity-induced adipose inflammation","volume":"129","author":"Pan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13755","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13755","article-title":"Role of micro\u2010RNAs associated with adipose\u2010derived extracellular vesicles in metabolic disorders","volume":"25","author":"Payet","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obes. Rev."},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3890","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01056","article-title":"Physiology of activins\/follistatins: associations with metabolic and anthropometric variables and response to exercise","volume":"103","author":"Perakakis","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Meta."},{"key":"B115","volume-title":"Strategies for small RNA loading into extracellular vesicles","author":"Pottash","year":"2022"},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.306949","article-title":"Novel role of miR-33 in regulating of mitochondrial function","volume":"117","author":"Price","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmy084","article-title":"Glutamine metabolism in macrophages: a novel target for obesity\/type 2 diabetes","volume":"10","author":"Ren","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bvae126","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvae126","article-title":"Adipose tissue dysfunction and the role of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles in obesity and metabolic syndrome","volume":"8","author":"Sandoval-B\u00f3rquez","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Endocr. Soc."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16060709","article-title":"Insight into the functional dynamics and challenges of exosomes in pharmaceutical innovation and precision medicine","volume":"16","author":"Sharma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-023-01837-y","article-title":"Cooked pork-derived exosome nanovesicles mediate metabolic disorder\u2014microRNA could be the culprit","volume":"21","author":"Shen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvu022","article-title":"Microvesicles and exosomes for intracardiac communication","volume":"102","author":"Sluijter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2024.114168","article-title":"Regulatory role of exosome-derived miRNAs and other contents in adipogenesis","volume":"441","author":"Song","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"B125","volume-title":"Gene regulation in psoriatic keratinocytes: micrornas and cytokine responses","author":"Srivastava","year":"2018"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2018.01.009","article-title":"MicroRNAs in the pathogenesis and treatment of progressive liver injury in NAFLD and liver fibrosis","volume":"129","author":"Su","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2017.03.004","article-title":"Exosomes in cancer nanomedicine and immunotherapy: prospects and challenges","volume":"35","author":"Syn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15330338241239188","DOI":"10.1177\/15330338241239188","article-title":"The role of microRNAs in hepatocellular cancer: a narrative review focused on tumor microenvironment and drug resistance","volume":"23","author":"Tavakoli Pirzaman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Technol. Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2015.02.019","article-title":"Methods of isolating extracellular vesicles impact down-stream analyses of their cargoes","volume":"87","author":"Taylor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.22581","article-title":"Long non\u2010coding RNA regulation of reproduction and development","volume":"82","author":"Taylor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Reprod. Dev."},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21365","article-title":"Adipose-derived circulating miRNAs regulate gene expression in other tissues","volume":"542","author":"Thomou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6894684","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6894684","article-title":"miR\u2010210 in exosomes derived from macrophages under high glucose promotes mouse diabetic obesity pathogenesis by suppressing NDUFA4 expression","volume":"2020","author":"Tian","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Res."},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2022.11.019","article-title":"Targeted delivery of RNAi to cancer cells using RNA-ligand displaying exosome","volume":"13","author":"Uddin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics17080990","article-title":"Navigating the global regulatory landscape for exosome-based therapeutics: challenges, strategies, and future directions","volume":"17","author":"Verma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3390\/targets3040032","article-title":"Extracellular vesicle-associated MiRNAs in cornea health and disease: diagnostic potential and therapeutic implications","volume":"3","author":"Verma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Targets"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2019.01.004","article-title":"Live tracking of inter-organ communication by endogenous exosomes in vivo","volume":"48","author":"Verweij","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6048","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21176048","article-title":"EVs and bioengineering: from cellular products to engineered nanomachines","volume":"21","author":"Villata","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15111329","article-title":"The therapeutic potential of plant polysaccharides in metabolic diseases","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5005","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S475102","article-title":"The increasing diagnostic role of exosomes in inflammatory diseases to leverage the therapeutic biomarkers","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2016.08.038","article-title":"HNF-4\u03b1 regulated miR-122 contributes to development of gluconeogenesis and lipid metabolism disorders in type 2 diabetic mice and in palmitate-treated HepG2 cells","volume":"791","author":"Wei","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.53671","article-title":"Regulation of exosome production and cargo sorting","volume":"17","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6902","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21186902","article-title":"The role of microRNAs in metabolic syndrome-related oxidative stress","volume":"21","author":"W\u0142odarski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2019.154006","article-title":"Hepatic exosome-derived miR-130a-3p attenuates glucose intolerance via suppressing PHLPP2 gene in adipocyte","volume":"103","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1691\/ph.2021.0128","article-title":"Drug loading techniques for exosome-based drug delivery systems","volume":"76","author":"Xi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Die Pharmazie-An Int. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3684","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.41580","article-title":"Progress, opportunity, and perspective on exosome isolation-efforts for efficient exosome-based theranostics","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-019-0485-1","article-title":"Large-scale generation of functional mRNA-encapsulating exosomes via cellular nanoporation","volume":"4","author":"Yang","year":"","journal-title":"Nat. Biomedical Eng."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2023.11.057","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles and their engineering strategies, delivery systems, and biomedical applications","volume":"365","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2272","DOI":"10.2337\/db21-0909","article-title":"Plasma exosomal miRNAs associated with metabolism as early predictor of gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"71","author":"Ye","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.08.035","article-title":"Adipose tissue macrophage-derived exosomal miRNAs can modulate in vivo and in vitro insulin sensitivity","volume":"171","author":"Ying","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12263-020-00666-0","article-title":"Expression profiling and analysis of some miRNAs in subcutaneous white adipose tissue during development of obesity","volume":"15","author":"Youssef","year":"2020","journal-title":"Genes Nutr."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.22565","article-title":"Adipocyte-derived exosomal MiR-27a induces insulin resistance in skeletal muscle through repression of PPAR\u03b3","volume":"8","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24020230","article-title":"MicroRNAs as a novel tool in the diagnosis of liver lipid dysregulation and fatty liver disease","volume":"24","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2017.10.015","article-title":"The clinical potential of adipogenesis and obesity-related microRNAs","volume":"28","author":"Zaiou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"B156","article-title":"Extracellular vesicle engineering across length scales","author":"Zenatelli","year":"2023"},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16692","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.28354","article-title":"Adipose\u2010derived exosomes: a novel adipokine in obesity\u2010associated diabetes","volume":"234","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.1039\/c9tb00170k","article-title":"Exosome-based nanocarriers as bio-inspired and versatile vehicles for drug delivery: recent advances and challenges","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2023.03.018","article-title":"Peripheral origin exosomal microRNAs aggravate glymphatic system dysfunction in diabetic cognitive impairment","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1302736","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1302736","article-title":"The role of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptors in skeletal diseases","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2024.113097","article-title":"Strategies for organic nanoparticles delivering CRISPR\/Cas9 for cancer therapy: challenges and breakthroughs","volume":"244","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2023.103016","article-title":"M2 macrophage exosome-derived lncRNA AK083884 protects mice from CVB3-induced viral myocarditis through regulating PKM2\/HIF-1\u03b1 axis mediated metabolic reprogramming of macrophages","volume":"69","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120178","article-title":"Huoluo Xiaoling Pellet improves ischemic stroke by regulating metabolic disorders through integrins and ICAM1","volume":"352","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B164","first-page":"2440","article-title":"MicroRNA-802 regulates hepatic insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism","volume":"11","author":"Zhen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Pathol."},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1038\/s41374-021-00723-1","article-title":"Clinical implications of exosome-derived noncoding RNAs in liver","volume":"102","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lab. Investig."},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.148137","article-title":"Controllable synthesis of multi-tip spatial gold nanostructures to facilitate SPR enhancement for exosomal PD-L1 assay","volume":"481","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2892","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.087817","article-title":"A novel regulator of macrophage activation: miR-223 in obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation","volume":"125","author":"Zhuang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcell.2026.1731121\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T05:22:53Z","timestamp":1771478573000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcell.2026.1731121\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"references-count":153,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcell.2026.1731121"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2026.1731121","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-634X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-634X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"article-number":"1731121"}}