{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:58:57Z","timestamp":1791233937898,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":184,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell Dev. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Numerous studies in cancer biology have provided evidence of the remarkable plasticity of cancer stem cells (CSCs). These cells play a key role in tumor initiation, metastasis, and resistance to treatment. One of the most critical features of CSCs is the epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition, which underlies their phenotypic plasticity. CSCs can modify their metabolic profile through interactions with cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor-associated macrophages, and regulatory t-cells. CSCs creates a multifaceted cancerous environment that adapts to extensive changes in the secretome, variability of metabolic substrates and extracellular matrix composition. Intercellular communication is mediated though tumor-derived exosomes, carrying damage-associated molecular patterns. These metabolic shifts allow cancer cells to survive and function evading a hostile, immunosuppressive environment. It is important to summarize and integrate current knowledge on the links between cancer cell metabolism, CSCs plasticity, epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition, and immune regulation by regulatory T cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2026.1807649","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T06:03:28Z","timestamp":1780034608000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Metabolic reprogramming and plasticity of cancer stem cells"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Kulus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun","place":["Torun, Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melania","family":"Marchel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University of Poznan","place":["Poznan, Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Knopik-Skrocka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University of Poznan","place":["Poznan, Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Data","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University","place":["Wroclaw, Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominika","family":"Domaga\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University","place":["Wroclaw, Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weronika","family":"Bednarska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University of Poznan","place":["Poznan, Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Mozdziak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prestage Department of Poultry Science, \u2060College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University","place":["Raleigh, NC, United States"]},{"name":"Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University","place":["Raleigh, NC, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bartosz","family":"Kempisty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun","place":["Torun, Poland"]},{"name":"Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University","place":["Wroclaw, Poland"]},{"name":"Prestage Department of Poultry Science, \u2060College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University","place":["Raleigh, NC, United States"]},{"name":"Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University","place":["Raleigh, NC, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Assisted Reproduction, University Hospital and Masaryk University","place":["Brno, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-025-10977-3","article-title":"GSK-3 inhibitor induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in CD133+\/CD44+ prostate cancer cells through modulation of notch signaling pathway","volume":"52","author":"Acikgoz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3983","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0530291100","article-title":"Prospective identification of tumorigenic breast cancer cells","volume":"100","author":"Al-Hajj","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/s41523-021-00346-1","article-title":"International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group. The tale of TILs in breast cancer: a report from the International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group","volume":"7","author":"Bairi","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPJ Breast Cancer"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4409","article-title":"Cancer stem cells revisited","volume":"23","author":"Batlle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/2051-1426-2-25","article-title":"Multiple chimeric antigen receptors successfully target chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 in several different cancer histologies and cancer stem cells","volume":"2","author":"Beard","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0797-730","article-title":"Human acute myeloid leukemia is organized as a hierarchy that originates from a primitive hematopoietic cell","volume":"3","author":"Bonnet","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3699","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11223699","article-title":"Cancer stem cells-the Insight into non-coding RNAs","volume":"11","author":"Bryl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3475","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1700433","article-title":"Blocking IL-2 signal in vivo with an IL-2 antagonist reduces tumor growth through the control of regulatory T cells","volume":"200","author":"Carmenate","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a036905","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a036905","article-title":"Cancer stem cells and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer metastasis","volume":"10","author":"Celi\u00e0-Terrassa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.5483\/bmbrep.2018.51.7.112","article-title":"Cancer stem cell metabolism: target for cancer therapy","volume":"51","author":"Chae","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMB Rep."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2637","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002637","article-title":"Oct-4 expression maintained cancer stem-like properties in lung cancer-derived CD133-positive cells","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-04116-6","article-title":"The metabolic flexibility of quiescent CSC: implications for chemotherapy resistance","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eadg0654","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adg0654","article-title":"Targeting IRG1 reverses the immunosuppressive function of tumor-associated macrophages and enhances cancer immunotherapy","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3506","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.16321","article-title":"Chromatin lysine acylation: on the path to chromatin homeostasis and genome integrity","volume":"115","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e060923220758","DOI":"10.2174\/1874467217666230906092236","article-title":"A deeply quiescent subset of CML LSC depend on FAO yet avoid deleterious ROS by suppressing mitochondrial complex I","volume":"17","author":"Chimge","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R78","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr3472","article-title":"Metabolic interaction between cancer cells and stromal cells according to breast cancer molecular subtype","volume":"15","author":"Choi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1667\/RR13583.1","article-title":"Crosstalk with cancer-associated fibroblasts increases the growth and radiation survival of cervical cancer cells","volume":"181","author":"Chu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2016.11.82","article-title":"Aldehyde dehydrogenases in cancer stem cells: potential as therapeutic targets","volume":"4","author":"Clark","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12055","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0903919106","article-title":"Infectious tolerance via the consumption of essential amino acids and mTOR signaling","volume":"106","author":"Cobbold","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14114","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241814114","article-title":"The role of regulatory T cells in cancer treatment resistance","volume":"24","author":"D\u0105browska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13081973","article-title":"Interplay between metabolism reprogramming and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer stem cells","volume":"13","author":"Daniel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20170164","article-title":"Cancer stem cells (CSCs): metabolic strategies for their identification and eradication","volume":"475","author":"De Francesco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2019.152775","article-title":"Suppressive effects of metformin on colorectal adenoma incidence and malignant progression","volume":"216","author":"Deng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathology - Res. Pract."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.00281","article-title":"Metabolic plasticity in chemotherapy resistance","volume":"10","author":"Desbats","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2014.07.050","article-title":"Expression of the hypoxia-inducible monocarboxylate transporter MCT4 is increased in triple negative breast cancer and correlates independently with clinical outcome","volume":"451","author":"Doyen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2016.05.029","article-title":"Interplay between metabolism and epigenetics: a nuclear adaptation to environmental changes","volume":"62","author":"Etchegaray","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i4.923","article-title":"Cancer stem cells in colorectal cancer from pathogenesis to therapy: controversies and perspectives","volume":"20","author":"Fanali","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23020800","article-title":"The epithelial-mesenchymal transition at the crossroads between metabolism and tumor progression","volume":"23","author":"Fedele","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6124","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1820","article-title":"Lactate dehydrogenase A: a key player in carcinogenesis and potential target in cancer therapy","volume":"7","author":"Feng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11091433","article-title":"The role of extracellular vesicles in metabolic reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment","volume":"11","author":"Fridman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-023-01111-6","article-title":"The biological function of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles on metabolism","volume":"21","author":"Fu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e62493","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0062493","article-title":"Sub-sets of cancer stem cells differ intrinsically in their patterns of oxygen metabolism","volume":"8","author":"Gammon","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5219","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S140854","article-title":"Cancer cell dormancy: mechanisms and implications of cancer recurrence and metastasis","volume":"10","author":"Gao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Onco Targets Ther."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3577","article-title":"Foxp3 and toll-like receptor signaling balance Treg cell anabolic metabolism for suppression","volume":"17","author":"Gerriets","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2018.12.011","article-title":"A specific lipid metabolic profile is associated with the epithelial mesenchymal transition program","volume":"1864","author":"Giudetti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Cell Biol. Lipids"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.17179\/excli2023-6122","article-title":"Molecular alterations of driver genes in non-small cell lung cancer: from diagnostics to targeted therapy","volume":"22","author":"Grodzka","year":"2023","journal-title":"EXCLI J."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.06.034","article-title":"Identification of selective inhibitors of cancer stem cells by high-throughput screening","volume":"138","author":"Gupta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.011","article-title":"Phenotypic plasticity: driver of cancer initiation, progression, and therapy resistance","volume":"24","author":"Gupta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.20517\/cdr.2022.19","article-title":"Cancer resistance to immunotherapy: what is the role of cancer stem cells?","volume":"5","author":"Gupta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Drug Resist"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002202","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1002202","article-title":"Lactate regulates metabolic and pro-inflammatory circuits in control of T cell migration and effector functions","volume":"13","author":"Haas","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/s40364-023-00537-","article-title":"The CAR macrophage cells, a novel generation of chimeric antigen-based approach against solid tumors","volume":"11","author":"Hadiloo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomark. Res."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-21-1059","article-title":"Hallmarks of cancer: new dimensions","volume":"12","author":"Hanahan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/s0092-8674(00)81683-9","article-title":"The hallmarks of cancer","volume":"100","author":"Hanahan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.013","article-title":"Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation","volume":"144","author":"Hanahan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031461","article-title":"Tumor-derived exosomes in tumor-induced immune suppression","volume":"23","author":"Hao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3758","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.25.5.366","article-title":"Heterogeneity in drug sensitivity among tumor cell subpopulations of a single mammary tumor","volume":"38","author":"Heppner","year":"1978","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101076","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.101076","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming of oncogene-addicted cancer cells to OXPHOS as a mechanism of drug resistance","volume":"25","author":"Hirpara","year":"2019","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.01236","article-title":"Histone acetylation dynamics integrates metabolic activity to regulate plant response to stress","volume":"10","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12010181","article-title":"Inhibition of alternative cancer cell metabolism of EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer serves as a potential therapeutic strategy","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.29","article-title":"Functional evidence that the self-renewal gene NANOG regulates human tumor development","volume":"27","author":"Jeter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000826","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-000826","article-title":"Combination of radiotherapy and suppression of Tregs enhances abscopal antitumor effect and inhibits metastasis in rectal cancer","volume":"8","author":"Ji","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3909","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1816391116","article-title":"Elucidating cancer metabolic plasticity by coupling gene regulation with metabolic pathways","volume":"116","author":"Jia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-08-0393","article-title":"Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 is a tumor stem cell-associated marker in lung cancer","volume":"7","author":"Jiang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Res."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103094","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2025.103094","article-title":"ATF5 inhibits autophagy and the Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin pathway by upregulating mTOR to suppress the stemness of liver cancer stem cells","volume":"97","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Tissue Cell"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-020-01370-0","article-title":"Implications of HIF-1\u03b1 in the tumorigenesis and progression of pancreatic cancer","volume":"20","author":"Jin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2024.216858","article-title":"Treatment strategies and molecular mechanism of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy in colorectal cancer","volume":"591","author":"Jin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2010.09.034","article-title":"Radiation enhances regulatory T cell representation","volume":"81","author":"Kachikwu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2026.112401","article-title":"Alpha-fetoprotein acts as a key regulator of cancer stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma via PI3K\/Akt pathway","volume":"142","author":"Kahaer","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-025-02344-3","article-title":"Disruption of glutamine transport uncouples the NUPR1 stress-adaptation program and induces prostate cancer radiosensitivity","volume":"23","author":"Kahya","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.756888","article-title":"Cancer stem cells: Metabolic characterization for targeted cancer therapy","volume":"5","author":"Kaur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2839","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02839","article-title":"Metabolic pathways involved in regulatory T cell functionality","volume":"10","author":"Kempkes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.8b00351","article-title":"CCR4 antagonists inhibit treg trafficking into the tumor microenvironment","volume":"9","author":"Ketcham","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2017.7228","article-title":"Mitochondrial and reactive oxygen species signaling coordinate stem cell fate decisions and life long maintenance","volume":"28","author":"Khacho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antioxidants Redox Signal."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56546","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.17798","article-title":"Metformin increases chemo-sensitivity via gene downregulation encoding DNA replication proteins in 5-Fu resistant colorectal cancer cells","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2122","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032122","article-title":"Re-Sensitizing cancer stem cells to conventional chemotherapy agents","volume":"24","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.10.017","article-title":"Regulatory T cell migration is dependent on glucokinase-mediated glycolysis","volume":"47","author":"Kishore","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.2017.168","article-title":"Improved killing of ovarian cancer stem cells by combining a novel chimeric antigen receptor-based immunotherapy and chemotherapy","volume":"28","author":"Klapdor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum. Gene Ther."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ra97","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aab2610","article-title":"Glutamine-dependent \u03b1-ketoglutarate production regulates the balance between T helper 1 cell and regulatory T cell generation","volume":"8","author":"Klysz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Signal"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.17179\/excli2024-6972","article-title":"Plasticity and resistance of cancer stem cells as a challenge for innovative anticancer therapies - do we know enough to overcome this?","volume":"23","author":"Knopik-Skrocka","year":"2024","journal-title":"EXCLI J."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxad035","article-title":"Metabolic advantages of regulatory T cells dictated by cancer cells","volume":"36","author":"Kondo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.00760","article-title":"Epithelial-Mesenchymal transition and metabolic switching in cancer: lessons from somatic cell reprogramming","volume":"8","author":"Lai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1582532","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1582532","article-title":"Revisiting the role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in tumor microenvironment","volume":"16","author":"Lan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1038\/367645a0","article-title":"A cell initiating human acute myeloid leukaemia after transplantation into SCID mice","volume":"367","author":"Lapidot","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2017.09.009","article-title":"MYC and MCL1 cooperatively promote chemotherapy-resistant breast cancer stem cells via regulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation","volume":"26","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9667","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.62676","article-title":"Tumor microenvironment-based screening repurposes drugs targeting cancer stem cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02360-2","article-title":"Cancer stem cells: landscape, challenges and emerging therapeutic innovations","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"","journal-title":"Sig Transduct. Target Ther."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1007\/s13402-025-01081-6","article-title":"Lipid metabolism in cancer stem cells: reprogramming, mechanisms, crosstalk, and therapeutic approaches","volume":"48","author":"Lee","year":"","journal-title":"Cell Oncol. (Dordr)"},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46363","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.18199","article-title":"Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier function determines cell stemness and metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-020-01234-1","article-title":"Regulatory T cells in tumor microenvironment: new mechanisms, potential therapeutic strategies and future prospects","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31151","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.5150","article-title":"Inhibition of glutamine metabolism counteracts pancreatic cancer stem cell features and sensitizes cells to radiotherapy","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3059","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2016.5124","article-title":"Radiation induces the generation of cancer stem cells: a novel mechanism for cancer radioresistance","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.11.063","article-title":"Targeting glutaminase 1 attenuates stemness properties in hepatocellular carcinoma by increasing reactive oxygen species and suppressing Wnt\/beta-catenin pathway","volume":"39","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-022-00856-3","article-title":"Targeted inhibition of tumor-derived exosomes as a novel therapeutic option for cancer","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-020-03244-7","article-title":"SNHG3 functions as miRNA sponge to promote breast cancer cells growth through the metabolic reprogramming","volume":"191","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2555","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032555","article-title":"The significance of cancer stem cells and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in metastasis and anti-cancer therapy","volume":"24","author":"Liang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-017-0623-x","article-title":"Regulation of stem-like cancer cells by glutamine through \u03b2-catenin pathway mediated by redox signaling","volume":"16","author":"Liao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-22-3059","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming driven by IGF2BP3 promotes acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"83","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51370","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.17986","article-title":"Fusion between M2-macrophages and cancer cells results in a subpopulation of radioresistant cells with enhanced DNA-repair capacity","volume":"8","author":"Lindstr\u00f6m","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.55","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of chemo\u2010 and radiotherapy resistance and the potential implications for cancer treatment","volume":"2","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"MedComm"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115142","article-title":"Why Treg should be the focus of cancer immunotherapy: the latest thought","volume":"168","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35141","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6177","article-title":"Metabolic plasticity of cancer stem cells","volume":"6","author":"Luo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2019.09.012","article-title":"Prognostic value of lactate dehydrogenase expression in different cancers: a meta-analysis","volume":"358","author":"Lv","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2025.118507","article-title":"From basics to clinics: new opportunities for metformin in tumor metabolic intervention and treatment","volume":"191","author":"Lv","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72544","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.19881","article-title":"Targeting the cancer stem cell marker, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, to circumvent cisplatin resistance in NSCLC","volume":"8","author":"MacDonagh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s43152-025-00059-8","article-title":"Interplay of metastasis, cancer stem cells, and energy metabolism in cancer progression","volume":"6","author":"Mal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Tissue Microenviron. Rep"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2142","DOI":"10.2741\/531","article-title":"Cancer stem cells and resistance to chemo and radio therapy","volume":"4","author":"Malik","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Biosci. (Elite Ed.)"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3964","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.22137","article-title":"Ketone body utilization drives tumor growth and metastasis","volume":"11","author":"Martinez-Outschoorn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-024-05598-6","article-title":"Fatty acid oxidation is critical for the tumorigenic potential and chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer stem cells","volume":"22","author":"Mascaraque","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2020.100905","article-title":"Targeting cancer-cell mitochondria and metabolism to improve radiotherapy response","volume":"14","author":"McCann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Oncol."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5812","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-12-1098","article-title":"An integrated genomic screen identifies LDHB as an essential gene for triple-negative breast cancer","volume":"72","author":"McCleland","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14100717","article-title":"The metabolic landscape of cancer stem cells: insights and implications for therapy","volume":"14","author":"Milella","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo11050325","article-title":"Lactate reprograms energy and lipid metabolism in glucose-deprived oxidative glioma stem cells","volume":"11","author":"Minami","year":"2021","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11060750","article-title":"Lactate dehydrogenases as metabolic links between tumor and stroma in the tumor microenvironment","volume":"11","author":"Mishra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.03.029","article-title":"HIF-1\u03b1 is a metabolic switch between glycolytic-driven migration and oxidative phosphorylation-driven immunosuppression of tregs in glioblastoma","volume":"27","author":"Miska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669250","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.669250","article-title":"Reporters of cancer stem cells as a tool for drug discovery","author":"Mohan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12040862","article-title":"Metabolic heterogeneity of cancer cells: an interplay between HIF-1, GLUTs, and AMPK","volume":"12","author":"Moldogazieva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-07012-y","article-title":"The tumour microenvironment of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract differentially influences dendritic cell maturation","volume":"20","author":"Morrissey","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1615760","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1615760","article-title":"Unleashing the power of CAR-M therapy in solid tumors: a comprehensive review","volume":"16","author":"Morva","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7844","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.58655","article-title":"GLS-driven glutamine catabolism contributes to prostate cancer radiosensitivity by regulating the redox state, stemness and ATG5-mediated autophagy","volume":"11","author":"Mukha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2223094","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2023.2223094","article-title":"Reprogramming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment results in successful clearance of tumors resistant to radiation therapy and anti-PD-1\/PD-L1","volume":"12","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2017.05.005","article-title":"SIRT1 regulates the chemoresistance and invasiveness of ovarian carcinoma cells","volume":"10","author":"Mvunta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl. Oncol."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598626","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.598626","article-title":"Lactate metabolism and immune modulation in breast cancer: a focused review on triple negative breast tumors","volume":"10","author":"Naik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3945","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.15068","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species in cancer: current findings and future directions","volume":"112","author":"Nakamura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2492","article-title":"Adipocytes promote ovarian cancer metastasis and provide energy for rapid tumor growth","volume":"17","author":"Nieman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1080\/15384101.2015.1127471","article-title":"Bulk pancreatic cancer cells can convert into cancer stem cells(CSCs) in vitro and 2 compounds can target these CSCs","volume":"15","author":"Ning","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100785","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v31.i11.100785","article-title":"NAD+\/SIRT1 pathway regulates glycolysis to promote oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer","volume":"31","author":"Niu","year":"2025","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2080","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.14069","article-title":"Regulatory T (Treg) cells in cancer: can Treg cells be a new therapeutic target?","volume":"110","author":"Ohue","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9071651","article-title":"CSC radioresistance: a therapeutic challenge to improve radiotherapy effectiveness in cancer","volume":"9","author":"Olivares-Urbano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5912","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14235912","article-title":"Regulation of metabolic plasticity in cancer stem cells and implications in cancer therapy","volume":"14","author":"Papadaki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-025-01392-6","article-title":"Macrophages: a double-edged sword in female reproduction and disorders","volume":"57","author":"Park","year":"2025","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4305","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.2010","article-title":"Cancer stem cells from epithelial ovarian cancer patients privilege oxidative phosphorylation, and resist glucose deprivation","volume":"5","author":"Past\u00f2","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2017.18","article-title":"Exosomes confer chemoresistance to pancreatic cancer cells by promoting ROS detoxification and miR-155-mediated suppression of key gemcitabine-metabolising enzyme, DCK","volume":"116","author":"Patel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3984","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.8.23.10238","article-title":"The reverse Warburg effect: aerobic glycolysis in cancer associated fibroblasts and the tumor stroma","volume":"8","author":"Pavlides","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2019.07.006","article-title":"Monocarboxylate transporters in cancer","volume":"33","author":"Payen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-016-0712-6","article-title":"Cancer stem cell metabolism","volume":"18","author":"Peiris-Pag\u00e8s","year":"2016","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-025-03258-9","article-title":"Advances in the regulation of macrophage polarization by the tumor microenvironment","volume":"16","author":"Peng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Discov. Onc"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2018.09.008","article-title":"Metabolism and epigenetics of pancreatic cancer stem cells","volume":"57","author":"Perusina Lanfranca","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin. Cancer Biol."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5416923","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/5416923","article-title":"Cancer stem cells (CSCs) in drug resistance and their therapeutic implications in cancer treatment","volume":"2018","author":"Phi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5479","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23105479","article-title":"CD133-Functionalized gold nanoparticles as a carrier platform for Telaglenastat (CB-839) against tumor stem cells","volume":"23","author":"Poonaki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers10120482","article-title":"Differing roles of Hyaluronan molecular weight on cancer cell behavior and chemotherapy resistance","volume":"10","author":"Price","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2026.1741800","article-title":"Mitochondrial metabolism in cancer stem cells (CSCs): molecular and diagnostic implications","author":"Psvv","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.08.012","article-title":"Tumor lactate content predicts for response to fractionated irradiation of human squamous cell carcinomas in nude mice","volume":"81","author":"Quennet","year":"2006","journal-title":"Radiother. Oncol."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9451","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22179451","article-title":"Battling chemoresistance in cancer: root causes and strategies to uproot them","volume":"22","author":"Ramos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05384","article-title":"Identification and expansion of human colon-cancer-initiating cells","volume":"445","author":"Ricci-Vitiani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.3109\/09553002.2014.892227","article-title":"Cancer stem cells and radioresistance","volume":"90","author":"Rycaj","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11060862","article-title":"Cancer stem cells and radioresistance: DNA repair and beyond","volume":"11","author":"Schulz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3837","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19123837","article-title":"Targeting adenosine receptor signaling in cancer immunotherapy","volume":"19","author":"Sek","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12905","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-31323-7","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming of stromal fibroblasts by melanoma exosome microRNA favours a pre-metastatic microenvironment","volume":"8","author":"Shu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.293167","article-title":"The metabolic programming of stem cells","volume":"31","author":"Shyh-Chang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03128","article-title":"Identification of human brain tumour initiating cells","volume":"432","author":"Singh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2018.00203","article-title":"Cancer stem cell metabolism and potential therapeutic targets","volume":"8","author":"Snyder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13061440","article-title":"CTLA-4 in regulatory T cells for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"13","author":"Sobhani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2686","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12232686","article-title":"Metabolic profiles of cancer stem cells and normal stem cells and their therapeutic significance","volume":"12","author":"Stouras","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20220531","article-title":"M1\/M2 macrophages and their overlaps \u2013 myth or reality?","volume":"137","author":"Strizova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Sci. (Lond)."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2384","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.8b05166","article-title":"Metabolomic studies of live single cancer stem cells using mass spectrometry","volume":"91","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.00792","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming and epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity: opportunities and challenges for cancer therapy","volume":"10","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2014.2745","article-title":"Hypoxia-induced autophagy reduces radiosensitivity by the HIF-1\u03b1\/miR-210\/Bcl-2 pathway in colon cancer cells","volume":"46","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Oncol."},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-021-00640-9","article-title":"Tumor microenvironment and radioresistance","volume":"53","author":"Suwa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i9.2279","article-title":"Role of abnormal lipid metabolism in development, progression, diagnosis and therapy of pancreatic cancer","volume":"20","author":"Swierczynski","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0231430","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0231430","article-title":"Adenosine leakage from perforin-burst extracellular vesicles inhibits perforin secretion by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes","volume":"15","author":"Tadokoro","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6575","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.13873","article-title":"Nuclear accumulation of \u03b2-Catenin in cancer stem cell radioresistance and stemness in human Colon cancer","volume":"39","author":"Tanaka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-018-0758-7","article-title":"Role of metabolism in cancer cell radioresistance and radiosensitization methods","volume":"37","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16144","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-43498-9","article-title":"Low dosage combination treatment with metformin and simvastatin inhibits obesity-promoted pancreatic cancer development in male KrasG12D mice","volume":"13","author":"Teper","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2018.6398","article-title":"Glycine and succinic acid are effective indicators of the suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition by fucoxanthinol in colorectal cancer stem-like cells","volume":"40","author":"Terasaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5355","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-19-0369","article-title":"Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 protects ovarian cancer cells from ferroptotic cell death","volume":"79","author":"Tesfay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2020.00079","article-title":"Cancer stem cell plasticity - a deadly deal","volume":"7","author":"Thankamony","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.33696\/cancerimmunol.5.075","article-title":"Epithelial mesenchymal transition: the ultimate driver of cancer on difficult paths","volume":"5","author":"Tripathi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cancer Immunol."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.00087","article-title":"Energy metabolism regulates stem cell pluripotency","volume":"8","author":"Tsogtbaatar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1177\/1947601912473826","article-title":"Emerging roles of SIRT1 in cancer drug resistance","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genes Cancer"},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1515\/mr-2021-0015","article-title":"Connections between metabolism and epigenetic modifications in cancer","volume":"1","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med. Rev. (2021)"},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-020-01261-y","article-title":"Correction to: CD103-positive CSC exosome promotes EMT of clear cell renal cell carcinoma: role of remote MiR-19b-3p","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcb.2023.151321","article-title":"Understanding cancer stem cells and plasticity: towards better therapeutics","volume":"102","author":"Warrier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-03045-2","article-title":"Metabolic support of tumour-infiltrating regulatory T cells by lactic acid","volume":"591","author":"Watson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2015.12.005","article-title":"Tumor-derived exosomes and their role in cancer progression","volume":"74","author":"Whiteside","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Clin. Chem."},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13061316","article-title":"Shifting the gears of metabolic plasticity to drive cell State transitions in cancer","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-023-01801-2","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of tumor resistance to radiotherapy","volume":"22","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5345","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14215345","article-title":"Metabolic plasticity of cancer stem cells in response to microenvironmental cues","volume":"14","author":"Xie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5953","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1001628","article-title":"IDO upregulates regulatory T cells via tryptophan catabolite and suppresses encephalitogenic T cell responses in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"185","author":"Yan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.12122\/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.08.03","article-title":"Metformin inhibits self-renewal of colorectal cancer stem cells by inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation","volume":"43","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nan Fang. Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao"},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-0110-5","article-title":"Targeting cancer stem cell pathways for cancer therapy","volume":"5","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target Ther."},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964934","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.964934","article-title":"The role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha in multidrug-resistant breast cancer","volume":"12","author":"Yong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1620807","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1620807","article-title":"Targeting CSC-immune cell crosstalk to overcome chemoresistance and enhance immunotherapy efficacy","volume":"16","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2018.00500","article-title":"The influence of metabolism on drug response in cancer","volume":"8","author":"Zaal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3374","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20133374","article-title":"Glut 1 in cancer cells and the inhibitory action of resveratrol as A potential therapeutic strategy","volume":"20","author":"Zambrano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2790","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2017.180","article-title":"CAF-secreted CXCL1 conferred radioresistance by regulating DNA damage response in a ROS-dependent manner in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.20517\/cdr.2021.32","article-title":"Cancer stem cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, ATP and their roles in drug resistance in cancer","volume":"4","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Drug Resist"},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4568","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14194568","article-title":"Targeting glucose metabolism enzymes in cancer treatment: current and emerging strategies","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2003897","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202003897","article-title":"Single-Cell transcriptome analysis uncovers intratumoral heterogeneity and underlying mechanisms for drug resistance in hepatobiliary tumor organoids","volume":"8","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. (Weinh)"},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4151","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S251596","article-title":"Glucose Transporter-1 cooperating with AKT signaling promote gastric cancer progression","volume":"12","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Manag. Res."},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00430-1","article-title":"Targeting cancer stem cells for reversing therapy resistance: mechanism, signaling, and prospective agents","volume":"6","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target Ther."},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2020.102961","article-title":"The role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in regulating radioresistance","volume":"150","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol."},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlaa041","article-title":"Aggressive medulloblastoma-derived exosomal miRNAs promote in vitro invasion and migration of tumor cells via Ras\/MAPK pathway","volume":"79","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.4252\/wjsc.v12.i6.448","article-title":"Energy metabolism in cancer stem cells","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J. Stem Cells"},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13129","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.13129","article-title":"Targeting regulatory T cells in anti-PD-1\/PD-L1 cancer immunotherapy","volume":"95","author":"Zhulai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scand. J. Immunol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcell.2026.1807649\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T06:03:31Z","timestamp":1780034611000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcell.2026.1807649\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"references-count":184,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcell.2026.1807649"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2026.1807649","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-634X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-634X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"article-number":"1807649"}}