{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T06:03:41Z","timestamp":1789625021672,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":186,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["National Research Foundation of Korea"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["National Research Foundation of Korea"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00507251"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00507251"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00221182"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00221182"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022M3H4A1A03067401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022M3H4A1A03067401"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2V10710"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2V10710"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010418","name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IITP-2026-RS-2020-II201819"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IITP-2026-RS-2020-II201819"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010418","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell Dev. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are critical regulators of the tumor microenvironment. They exhibit diverse pro-tumorigenic and antitumor phenotypes depending on their monocyte-derived or tissue-resident origins. Beyond biochemical signaling, the mechanical properties of the tumor microenvironment, including extracellular matrix stiffness, density, architecture, and spatial heterogeneity, can regulate TAM behavior. This review discusses how these mechanical cues influence TAM infiltration, polarization, and tumor-supportive functions. We further highlight how spatially distinct mechanical environments contribute to TAM heterogeneity within solid tumors. Furthermore, we evaluate how advanced 3D biomimetic cancer platforms, including hydrogels, spheroids, organoids, and microfluidic organ-on-a-chip models, have become essential for accurately recapitulating these mechanoresponsive behaviors and phenotypic adaptations\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We also discuss the capacity and current limitations of these models in reproducing the mechanical properties of the tumor microenvironment. Finally, we discuss how understanding these mechanical regulatory pathways may reveal promising avenues for TAM-targeted therapeutic strategies, particularly those aimed at disrupting mechanical niches to achieve effective TAM depletion or antitumor reprogramming. We highlight the need to integrate TAM-targeted strategies with mechanobiological regulation. Collectively, these insights underscore the importance of mechanobiology in regulating macrophage plasticity and its therapeutic potential in clinical oncology.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2026.1915582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:31:41Z","timestamp":1789623101000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mechanoresponsive reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages during cancer progression"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Dayeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeonjae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihye","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saumendra Kumar","family":"Bajpai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Mechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras","place":["Chennai, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Hwee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Integrative Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-024-00994-y","article-title":"Scaffold-based 3D cell culture models in cancer research","volume":"31","author":"Abuwatfa","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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