{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T10:15:44Z","timestamp":1788257744030,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell Dev. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Renal tubular injury contributes substantially to the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). S-palmitoylation is a reversible lipid modification that regulates protein localization, stability, trafficking, and signaling. In renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs), it supports epithelial polarity, ciliary function, ion transport, and receptor activity. During renal tubular injury, dysregulated S-palmitoylation can disrupt tubular homeostasis by altering epithelial cell responses. It may aggravate cell damage, amplify inflammation, and promote failed repair and fibrosis. Changes in renal vascular cells and podocytes may also influence tubular injury through renal perfusion and the glomerular filtrate. However, the effects of S-palmitoylation are not the same. Some changes promote injury, whereas others preserve tubular function or limit injury signaling. The outcome depends on the modified protein, the enzyme involved, and the renal cell type. This mini-review summarizes the physiological roles of S-palmitoylation in renal tubules, its direct and indirect contributions to tubular injury, and therapeutic strategies targeting palmitoyltransferases, depalmitoylases, and specific substrates. Because global modulation may disrupt protective pathways, future interventions should prioritize pathogenic enzyme\u2013substrate pairs and cell-specific delivery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2026.1960988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T09:40:49Z","timestamp":1788255649000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Post-translational protein S-palmitoylation in renal tubular injury: mechanisms and therapeutic implications"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Miao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Nanchang, Jiangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiping","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-024-01802-x","article-title":"Single-cell multi-omic and spatial profiling of human kidneys implicates the fibrotic microenvironment in kidney disease progression","volume":"56","author":"Abedini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2022.120708","article-title":"Simvastatin reduces plasma membrane caveolae and caveolin-1 in uterine leiomyomas","volume":"304","author":"Afrin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.2478\/jtim-2023-0130","article-title":"Identification of functional heterogeneity of immune cells and tubular-immune cellular interplay action in diabetic kidney disease","volume":"12","author":"Bai","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Transl. Int. Med."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e188358","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI188358","article-title":"Adding insult to injury: the spectrum of tubulointerstitial responses in acute kidney injury","volume":"135","author":"Baker","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eadn1452","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.adn1452","article-title":"The palmitoylation of gasdermin D directs its membrane translocation and pore formation during pyroptosis","volume":"9","author":"Balasubramanian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpha.2024.01.001","article-title":"Renal tubular epithelial cell quality control mechanisms as therapeutic targets in renal fibrosis","volume":"14","author":"Bao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Anal."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00006","DOI":"10.1097\/IMNA-D-24-00006","article-title":"Hemoadsorption combined with hemodialysis and the \u201cInflammation Mitigation Hypothesis\u201d","volume":"11","author":"Brendolan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Integr. Med. Nephrol. Androl."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F192","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.2000.278.2.F192","article-title":"Targeting of membrane transporters in renal epithelia: when cell biology meets physiology","volume":"278","author":"Brown","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1515\/jtim-2025-0049","article-title":"Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic: hype or a focus on front-line health?","volume":"13","author":"Cai","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Transl. Int. Med."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41541","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M306589200","article-title":"Palmitoylation of the V2 vasopressin receptor carboxyl tail enhances beta-arrestin recruitment leading to efficient receptor endocytosis and ERK1\/2 activation","volume":"278","author":"Charest","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517181","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2024.1517181","article-title":"Cross-talk of renal cells through WNT signal transduction in the development of fibrotic kidneys","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2372","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2017121272","article-title":"EGF receptor-dependent YAP activation is important for renal recovery from AKI","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115088","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115088","article-title":"Advances in the pharmacological study of Chinese herbal medicine to alleviate diabetic nephropathy by improving mitochondrial oxidative stress","volume":"165","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112560","article-title":"Morroniside attenuates podocytes lipid deposition in diabetic nephropathy: a network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental validation study","volume":"138","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-026-01816-4","article-title":"ZDHHC8-mediated S-palmitoylation of RAD21 causes mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy via inhibiting ACSM3 transcription","author":"Chen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-024-00885-3","article-title":"The pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy and implications for treatment","volume":"21","author":"Cheung","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1774714","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2026.1774714","article-title":"Recalibrating cell fate: targeting the mitochondrial signaling hub with natural active compounds to inhibit regulated cell death in diabetic kidney disease","volume":"17","author":"Dai","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1021\/cb400380s","article-title":"Profiling targets of the irreversible palmitoylation inhibitor 2-bromopalmitate","volume":"8","author":"Davda","year":"2013","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Biol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1624077","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2025.1624077","article-title":"The role of natural products in improving lipid metabolism disorder-induced mitochondrial dysfunction of diabetic kidney disease","volume":"16","author":"Deng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9640","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24119640","article-title":"Routes of albumin overload toxicity in renal tubular epithelial cells","volume":"24","author":"Eleftheriadis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14263","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.14263","article-title":"Proteinuria and tubular cells: plasticity and toxicity","volume":"241","author":"Faivre","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. (Oxf)"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1515\/jtim-2025-0026","article-title":"Current understanding and controversy on brain access of GLP-1 and GLP-1 receptor agonists","volume":"13","author":"Feng","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Transl. Int. Med."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-024-00907-0","article-title":"Crosstalk between glomeruli and tubules","volume":"21","author":"Fogo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2024.06.021","article-title":"Nanotherapeutic kidney cell-specific targeting to ameliorate acute kidney injury","volume":"106","author":"Funahashi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctmp.2025.200245","article-title":"Total Panax notoginseng saponins treats diabetic kidney disease in mice by regulating the TXNIP\/NLRP3 signaling pathway","volume":"6","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Tradit. Med. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5970","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA119.011049","article-title":"DHHC7-mediated palmitoylation of the accessory protein barttin critically regulates the functions of ClC-K chloride channels","volume":"295","author":"Gorinski","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6682","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42476-z","article-title":"Palmitoyltransferase DHHC9 and acyl protein thioesterase APT1 modulate renal fibrosis through regulating \u03b2-catenin palmitoylation","volume":"14","author":"Gu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-024-01057-y","article-title":"Protective effects of Notoginsenoside R2 on reducing lipid accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy through regulation of c-Src","volume":"20","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jcs249045","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.249045","article-title":"Palmitoylated CKAP4 regulates mitochondrial functions through an interaction with VDAC2 at ER-mitochondria contact sites","volume":"133","author":"Harada","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-018-2067-0","article-title":"Acute kidney injury is associated with a decrease in cortical renal perfusion during septic shock","volume":"22","author":"Harrois","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43995","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.417501","article-title":"Cysteine 70 of ankyrin-G is S-palmitoylated and is required for function of ankyrin-G in membrane domain assembly","volume":"287","author":"He","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201401016","article-title":"Ankyrin-G palmitoylation and \u03b2II-spectrin binding to phosphoinositide lipids drive lateral membrane assembly","volume":"206","author":"He","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfae177","article-title":"Biology of the proximal tubule in body homeostasis and kidney disease","volume":"40","author":"Hoenig","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. Transpl."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.107809","article-title":"Small molecule dysregulation of TEAD lipidation induces a dominant-negative inhibition of hippo pathway signaling","volume":"31","author":"Holden","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22487","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202200163R","article-title":"Protective effect of inhibiting necroptosis on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity","volume":"36","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3514","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-58908-x","article-title":"Engineered depalmitoylases enable selective manipulation of protein localization and function","volume":"16","author":"Jayaraman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e25-00019","DOI":"10.1097\/IMNA-D-25-00019","article-title":"Hypoxia-induced metabolic reprogramming in the renal tubules of patients with diabetic kidney disease and the associated traditional Chinese medicine intervention strategies","volume":"12","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Integr. Med. Nephrol. Androl."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e102","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2010.80","article-title":"CLIMP-63 is a gentamicin-binding protein that is involved in drug-induced cytotoxicity","volume":"1","author":"Karasawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02655-1","article-title":"Active and dynamic mitochondrial S-depalmitoylation revealed by targeted fluorescent probes","volume":"9","author":"Kathayat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15874","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2005477117","article-title":"Cell profiling of mouse acute kidney injury reveals conserved cellular responses to injury","volume":"117","author":"Kirita","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-026-04310-5","article-title":"Targeting the powerhouse: the mitochondrial perspective on gentamicin-induced kidney injury","volume":"100","author":"Korkut Celikates","year":"2026","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.0000000572","article-title":"Megalin: a sidekick or nemesis of the kidney?","volume":"36","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1310653110","article-title":"Differentiated kidney epithelial cells repair injured proximal tubule","volume":"111","author":"Kusaba","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.2478\/jtim-2023-0137","article-title":"Ferroptosis in organ fibrosis: from mechanisms to therapeutic medicines","volume":"12","author":"Lai","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Transl. Int. Med."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-05769-3","article-title":"An atlas of healthy and injured cell states and niches in the human kidney","volume":"619","author":"Lake","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2021.07.002","article-title":"Inhibitors of DHHC family proteins","volume":"65","author":"Lan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-023-02436-x","article-title":"Aminoglycoside-related nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity in clinical practice: a review of pathophysiological mechanism and treatment options","volume":"40","author":"Le","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Ther."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.297","article-title":"Mechanism and restoration strategy of lysosomal abnormalities induced by urinary protein overload in proximal tubule epithelial cells","volume":"250","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dev. Dyn."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-05055-y","article-title":"The Elk-3 target Abhd10 ameliorates hepatotoxic injury and fibrosis in alcoholic liver disease","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105294","article-title":"Renal tubular epithelial cells response to injury in acute kidney injury","volume":"107","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23-00029","DOI":"10.1097\/IMNA-D-23-00029","article-title":"Update on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of diabetic tubulopathy","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Integr. Med. Nephrol. Androl."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.062","article-title":"Herbacetin as a novel therapeutic agent for pulmonary and renal fibrosis by targeting TGFBR2 for degradation","volume":"34","author":"Liao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3902","article-title":"Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition induces cell cycle arrest and parenchymal damage in renal fibrosis","volume":"21","author":"Lovisa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2022.12.088","article-title":"Empagliflozin attenuates the renal tubular ferroptosis in diabetic kidney disease through AMPK\/NRF2 pathway","volume":"195","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e180242","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI180242","article-title":"ZDHHC18 promotes renal fibrosis development by regulating HRAS palmitoylation","volume":"135","author":"Lu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1293","article-title":"Large-scale profiling of protein palmitoylation in Mammalian cells","volume":"6","author":"Martin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1769","article-title":"Global profiling of dynamic protein palmitoylation","volume":"9","author":"Martin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00700-8","article-title":"Mechanisms and functions of protein S-acylation","volume":"25","author":"Mesquita","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2019.04.035","article-title":"The cleavage of gasdermin D by caspase-11 promotes tubular epithelial cell pyroptosis and urinary IL-18 excretion in acute kidney injury","volume":"96","author":"Miao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30453","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.151845","article-title":"Cys palmitoylation of the beta subunit modulates gating of the epithelial sodium channel","volume":"285","author":"Mueller","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14351","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.526020","article-title":"Cysteine palmitoylation of the \u03b3 subunit has a dominant role in modulating activity of the epithelial sodium channel","volume":"289","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4152","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M117.776146","article-title":"Specific palmitoyltransferases associate with and activate the epithelial sodium channel","volume":"292","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12796","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-12889-0","article-title":"Zdhhc13-dependent Drp1 S-palmitoylation impacts brain bioenergetics, anxiety, coordination and motor skills","volume":"7","author":"Napoli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e172051","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.172051","article-title":"Mice lacking \u03b3ENaC palmitoylation sites maintain benzamil-sensitive Na+ transport despite reduced channel activity","volume":"8","author":"Nickerson","year":"2023","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2015.11.005","article-title":"Palmitoylation of TEAD transcription factors is required for their stability and function in hippo pathway signaling","volume":"24","author":"Noland","year":"2016","journal-title":"Structure"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2011.05532.x","article-title":"Renal tubulointerstitial hypoxia: cause and consequence of kidney dysfunction","volume":"38","author":"Palm","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e08-08-0849","article-title":"Palmitoylation of cytoskeleton associated protein 4 by DHHC2 regulates antiproliferative factor-mediated signaling","volume":"20","author":"Planey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70096","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70096","article-title":"Protein palmitoylation: biological functions, disease, and therapeutic targets","volume":"6","author":"Qian","year":"2020","journal-title":"MedComm"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2021.07.012","article-title":"Artemisinin inhibits NRas palmitoylation by targeting the protein acyltransferase ZDHHC6","volume":"29","author":"Qiu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Chem. Biol."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1038\/s41589-021-00785-8","article-title":"ABHD17 regulation of plasma membrane palmitoylation and N-Ras-dependent cancer growth","volume":"17","author":"Remsberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17703","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M117.792937","article-title":"Palmitoylation of the ciliary GTPase ARL13b is necessary for its stability and its role in cilia formation","volume":"292","author":"Roy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1515\/jtim-2025-0044","article-title":"Effect of bone marrow mononuclear cells therapy on long-term survival of patients with liver cirrhosis: a 10-year retrospective cohort study using propensity score matching","volume":"13","author":"Ruan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Transl. Int. Med."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.52.1.21","article-title":"Palmitoylation of the V2 vasopressin receptor","volume":"52","author":"Sadeghi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-025-01025-1","article-title":"Cell-cell crosstalk in kidney health and disease","volume":"22","author":"Scheidereit","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-025-01738-7","article-title":"Recent advances in S-palmitoylation and its emerging roles in human diseases","volume":"18","author":"Shang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e25-00038","DOI":"10.1097\/IMNA-D-25-00038","article-title":"Glycolysis-driven renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease: emerging mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities","volume":"12","author":"Shao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Integr. Med. Nephrol. Androl."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17390","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.631705","article-title":"Human CLC-K channels require palmitoylation of their accessory subunit barttin to be functional","volume":"290","author":"Steinke","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1669557","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1669557","article-title":"Natural compounds regulating fatty acid oxidation in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease","volume":"12","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6999","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201902710RR","article-title":"Lipid rafts are required for effective renal D1 dopamine receptor function","volume":"34","author":"Tiu","year":"2020","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.102","article-title":"The Th17 immune response in renal inflammation","volume":"77","author":"Turner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.01735","article-title":"Palmitoylation of claudins is required for efficient tight-junction localization","volume":"118","author":"Van Itallie","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24-00051","DOI":"10.1097\/IMNA-D-24-00051","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of quercetin on renal fibrosis and injury","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Integr. Med. Nephrol. Androl."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10880","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810880","article-title":"From AKI to CKD: maladaptive repair and the underlying mechanisms","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2023.12980","article-title":"Mechanism of dioscin ameliorating renal fibrosis through NF-\u03baB signaling pathway-mediated inflammatory response","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196016","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1196016","article-title":"Natural products in attenuating renal inflammation via inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome in diabetic kidney disease","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-024-01036-5","article-title":"Inhibition of fatty acid uptake by TGR5 prevents diabetic cardiomyopathy","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432724","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1432724","article-title":"Exploring potential targets for natural product therapy of DN: the role of SUMOylation","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3852","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.109220","article-title":"APT1-derived depalmitoylation of CD36 alleviates diabetes-induced lipotoxicity in podocytes","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09843","article-title":"Selective nanoparticle targeting of the renal tubules","volume":"71","author":"Williams","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3374","DOI":"10.1021\/acschembio.6b00720","article-title":"Molecular mechanism for isoform-selective inhibition of acyl protein thioesterases 1 and 2 (APT1 and APT2)","volume":"11","author":"Won","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Biol."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-04235-0","article-title":"Metformin alleviates inflammation through suppressing FASN-Dependent palmitoylation of Akt","volume":"12","author":"Xiong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7689","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-92530-7","article-title":"The landscape of renal protein S-acylation in mice with lipid-induced nephrotoxicity","volume":"15","author":"Xiu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1515\/jtim-2024-0021","article-title":"Gene therapy in polycystic kidney disease: a promising future","volume":"12","author":"Xue","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Transl. Int. Med."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2144","article-title":"Epithelial cell cycle arrest in G2\/M mediates kidney fibrosis after injury","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11146","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-89983-x","article-title":"DHHC21 deficiency attenuates renal dysfunction during septic injury","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121410","article-title":"Yitangkang decoction in the treatment of glomerular filtration barrier damage through AMPK\u03b11\/ZDHHC8\/SLC7A11\/GPX4 and TGF-\u03b2\/Smad signaling pathways: a multi-omics analysis","volume":"363","author":"Yu","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01759-7","article-title":"Protein lipidation in health and disease: molecular basis, physiological function and pathological implication","volume":"9","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target Ther."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2024.10.002","article-title":"Palmitoylation licenses RIPK1 kinase activity and cytotoxicity in the TNF pathway","volume":"84","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Cell."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1505637","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1505637","article-title":"Regulation of autophagy by the PI3K-AKT pathway in Astragalus membranaceus -Cornus officinalis to ameliorate diabetic nephropathy","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5068578","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/5068578","article-title":"Association between MYH9 and APOL1 gene polymorphisms and the risk of diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes in a Chinese Han population","volume":"2018","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Res."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e261","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.261","article-title":"Protein posttranslational modifications in health and diseases: functions, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic implications","volume":"4","author":"Zhong","year":"2023","journal-title":"MedComm (2020)"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"0954","DOI":"10.34133\/research.0954","article-title":"ZDHHC14-mediated TEAD4 palmitoylation drives Th17 cell recruitment in renal immunopathology","volume":"8","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Res. (Wash D C)"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-07061-2","article-title":"Inhibiting S-palmitoylation arrests metastasis by relocating Rap2b from plasma membrane in colorectal cancer","volume":"15","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcell.2026.1960988\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T09:40:51Z","timestamp":1788255651000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcell.2026.1960988\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"references-count":103,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcell.2026.1960988"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2026.1960988","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-634X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-634X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"article-number":"1960988"}}