{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:59:30Z","timestamp":1790420370195,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]],"date-time":"2018-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539734400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Chem."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2018.00475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]],"date-time":"2018-10-17T00:40:27Z","timestamp":1539736827000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Nitrogen-Doped Multi-Scale Porous Carbon for High Voltage Aqueous Supercapacitors"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Xichuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhibing","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaoyang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongjian","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200390020","article-title":"Preparation and properties of resorcinol\u2013formaldehyde organic and carbon gels","volume":"15","author":"Al-Muhtaseb","year":"2003","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2012.07.027","article-title":"Nitrogen-doped carbon materials produced from hydrothermally treated tannin","volume":"50","author":"Braghiroli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2012.09.066","article-title":"Synthesis of large surface area carbon xerogels for electrochemical double layer capacitors","volume":"223","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elecom.2011.11.006","article-title":"Decorating anode with bamboo-like nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for microbial fuel cells","volume":"14","author":"Ci","year":"2012","journal-title":"Electrochem. Commun."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2017.01.056","article-title":"Controlled synthesis of three-phase Ni x S y \/rGO nanoflake electrodes for hybrid supercapacitors with highenergy and power density","volume":"33","author":"Dai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14619","DOI":"10.1039\/c7ta01424d","article-title":"One-pot synthesis of highly activated carbons from melamine and terephthalaldehyde as electrodes for high energy aqueous supercapacitors","volume":"5","author":"D\u00edez","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6191","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ta14881e","article-title":"A multiple coating route to hollow carbon spheres with foam-like shells and their applications in supercapacitor and confined catalysis","volume":"2","author":"Fang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssc.2007.03.052","article-title":"Raman spectroscopy of graphene and graphite: Disorder, electron\u2013phonon coupling, doping and nonadiabatic effects","volume":"143","author":"Ferrari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Solid State Commun."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1703454","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201703454","article-title":"Hierarchical Fabric Decorated with Carbon Nanowire\/Metal Oxide Nanocomposites for 1.6 V Wearable Aqueous Supercapacitors","volume":"2018","author":"Fu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2016.04.088","article-title":"Electrochemical characterization of MnO 2 -based composite in the presence of salt-in-water and water-in-salt electrolytes as electrode for electrochemical capacitors","volume":"326","author":"Gambou-Bosca","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1039\/c0ee00326c","article-title":"High oxygen-reduction activity and durability of nitrogen-doped graphene","volume":"4","author":"Geng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6130","DOI":"10.1021\/la970534m","article-title":"Micellar dynamics in aqueous solutions of PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymers","volume":"13","author":"Goldmints","year":"1997","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1039\/b820412h","article-title":"PPO15-PEO22-PPO15 block copolymer assisted synthesis of monolithic macro- and microporous carbon aerogels exhibiting high conductivity and remarkable capacitance","volume":"19","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3944","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.6b01261","article-title":"Hierarchically porous carbon monoliths comprising ordered mesoporous nanorod assemblies for high-voltage aqueous supercapacitors","volume":"28","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2010.07.005","article-title":"Functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and application as supports for electrocatalysts in proton-exchange membrane fuel cell","volume":"99","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Catalysis B Environ."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2011.12.033","article-title":"Preparation of nitrogen-doped porous carbon by ammonia gas treatment and the effects of N-doping on water adsorption","volume":"50","author":"Horikawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201100618","article-title":"Three-dimensional hierarchically ordered porous carbons with partially graphitic nanostructures for electrochemical capacitive energy storage","volume":"5","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"ChemSusChem"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2017.06.009","article-title":"Boosting the capacitance and voltage of aqueous supercapacitors via redox charge contribution from both electrode and electrolyte","volume":"15","author":"Hwang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155705","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/20\/15\/155705","article-title":"Fabrication of porous carbon nanofibers and their application as anode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries","volume":"20","author":"Ji","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15330","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA05292A","article-title":"Self-assembled pancake-like hexagonal tungsten oxide with ordered mesopores for supercapacitors","volume":"6","author":"Jia","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpcs.2012.08.007","article-title":"Monolithic porous graphitic carbons obtained through catalytic graphitization of carbon xerogels","volume":"74","author":"Kicinski","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Solids"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2013.10.072","article-title":"Comparison of the anodic behavior of aluminum current collectors in imide-based ionic liquids and consequences on the stability of high voltage supercapacitors","volume":"249","author":"K\u00fchnel","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiec.2011.11.074","article-title":"Effect of simultaneous etching and N-doping on the surface and electrochemical properties of AC","volume":"18","author":"Lim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Ind. Eng. Chem."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6223(99)00189-X","article-title":"Carbonization and activation of sol\u2013gel derived carbon xerogels","volume":"38","author":"Lin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11051-012-1016-0","article-title":"Thermal and chemical durability of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Nanopart. Res."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2015.01.141","article-title":"Porous structure design of carbon xerogels for advanced supercapacitor","volume":"153","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Energ."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2017.12.038","article-title":"Dispersed and size-selected WO 3 nanoparticles in carbon aerogel for supercapacitor applications","volume":"141","author":"Liu","year":"","journal-title":"Mater. Design."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4209","DOI":"10.1039\/c7nr07191d","article-title":"Hybrid nanowires and nanoparticles of WO3 in a carbon aerogel for supercapacitor applications","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2008.04.022","article-title":"Chemical state of nitrogen in carbon aerogels issued from phenol\u2013melamine\u2013formaldehyde gels","volume":"46","author":"Long","year":"2008","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1600755","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201600755","article-title":"Free-standing 3D nanoporous duct-like and hierarchical nanoporous graphene films for micron-level flexible solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors","volume":"6","author":"Qin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4003","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA11100B","article-title":"MOF-Derived \u03b1-NiS nanorods on graphene as an electrode for high-energy-density supercapacitors","volume":"6","author":"Qu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6223(01)00155-5","article-title":"Structural characterization of N-containing activated carbon fibers prepared from a low softening point petroleum pitch and a melamine resin","volume":"40","author":"Raymundo-Pinero","year":"2002","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1039\/c7se00423k","article-title":"High-voltage aqueous supercapacitors based on NaTFSI","volume":"1","author":"Reber","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sustain. Energy Fuels"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aab1595","article-title":"\u201cWater-in-salt\u201d electrolyte enables high-voltage aqueous lithium-ion chemistries","volume":"350","author":"Suo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7500","DOI":"10.1021\/la800529v","article-title":"Facile synthesis of ordered mesoporous carbons with high thermal stability by self-assembly of resorcinol\u2013formaldehyde and block copolymers under highly acidic conditions","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5610","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201201920","article-title":"Crumpled nitrogen-doped graphene nanosheets with ultrahigh pore volume for high-performance supercapacitor","volume":"24","author":"Wen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2011.12.028","article-title":"A two-step synthesis of ordered mesoporous resorcinol\u2013formaldehyde polymer and carbon","volume":"50","author":"Xu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2017.08.114","article-title":"Ultrahigh surface area meso\/microporous carbon formed with self-template for high-voltage aqueous supercapacitors","volume":"365","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2017.05.084","article-title":"Fabrication of well-aligned ZnO@Ag nanorod arrays with effective charge transfer for surface-enhanced Raman scattering","volume":"324","author":"Yi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surf. Coat. Tech."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3639","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201704420","article-title":"New Insights into the Operating Voltage of Aqueous Supercapacitors","volume":"24","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem-eur. J."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32314","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32314","article-title":"Ordered array of Ag semishells on different diameter monolayer polystyrene colloidal crystals: an ultrasensitive and reproducible SERS substrate","volume":"6","author":"Zao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2018.02.002","article-title":"Fabrication of p-n heterostructure ZnO\/Si moth-eye structures: antireflection, enhanced charge separation and photocatalytic properties","volume":"441","author":"Zeng","year":"","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spmi.2018.03.035","article-title":"Preparation of composite micro\/nano structure on the silicon surface by reactive ion etching: enhanced anti-reflective and hydrophobic properties","volume":"117","author":"Zeng","year":"","journal-title":"Superlattice. Microst"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2016.01.150","article-title":"Nitrogen and sulfur codoped porous carbon microsphere: a high performance electrode in supercapacitor","volume":"191","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1039\/C8EE00239H","article-title":"Harnessing the concurrent reaction dynamics in active Si and Ge to achieve high performance of lithium-ion batteries","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensm.2018.06.026","article-title":"Design and understanding of dendritic mixed-metal hydroxide nanosheets@N-doped carbon nanotube array electrode for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Energy Storage Mater."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1702247","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201702247","article-title":"Rational design of nickel hydroxide-based nanocrystals on graphene for ultrafast energy storage","volume":"8","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2016.01.020","article-title":"Hierarchically porous and heteroatom doped carbon derived from tobacco rods for supercapacitors","volume":"307","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7484","DOI":"10.1039\/c5cs00303b","article-title":"A review of electrolyte materials and compositions for electrochemical supercapacitors","volume":"44","author":"Zhong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201200919","article-title":"Nitrogen-enriched carbon from melamine resins with superior oxygen reduction reaction activity","volume":"6","author":"Zhong","year":"2013","journal-title":"ChemSusChem"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3763","DOI":"10.1039\/C3CC41109E","article-title":"Facile preparation and ultra-microporous structure of melamine-resorcinol-formaldehyde polymeric microspheres","volume":"49","author":"Zhou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201600010","article-title":"Heteroatom-containing porous carbons derived from ionic liquid-doped alkali organic salts for supercapacitors","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1703463","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201703463","article-title":"A Novel phase-transformation activation process toward Ni-Mn-O nanoprism arrays for 2.4 V ultrahigh-voltage aqueous supercapacitors","volume":"29","author":"Zuo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fchem.2018.00475\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]],"date-time":"2018-10-17T00:40:29Z","timestamp":1539736829000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fchem.2018.00475\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fchem.2018.00475"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fchem.2018.00475","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2646"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2646","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]]},"article-number":"475"}}