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Their synthesis, characterization and applications in bioremediation, biomineralization, and as a chelating agent has been well-documented and reviewed. Further, these materials, due to their ability to get functionalized, can also be used as theranostics i.e., both therapeutic as well as diagnostic agents in a single unit. Current article attempts to focus particularly on the application of such microbially derived nanoformulations as a drug delivery and targeting agent. Besides metal-based nanoparticles, there is enough evidence wherein nanoparticles have been formulated using only the organic component of microorganisms. Enzymes, peptides, polysaccharides, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), poly-(amino acids) are amongst the most used biomolecules for guiding crystal growth and as a capping\/reducing agent in the fabrication of nanoparticles. This has promulgated the idea of complete green chemistry biosynthesis of nano-organics that are most sought after in terms of their biocompatibility and bioavailability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2021.617353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T06:05:40Z","timestamp":1618898740000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Microbial Fabricated Nanosystems: Applications in Drug Delivery and Targeting"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Kumar","family":"Sachin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santosh Kumar","family":"Karn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2016.01.019","article-title":"Amperometric determination of serum total cholesterol with nanoparticles of cholesterol esterase and cholesterol oxidase","volume":"500","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anal. 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