{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T08:53:05Z","timestamp":1777452785394,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]],"date-time":"2021-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01ES033390"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01ES033390"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Chem."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) market increased by 122% during 2014\u20132020 and is expected to continue growing rapidly. Despite their popularity, e-cigarettes are known to emit dangerous levels of toxic compounds (e.g., carbonyls), but a lack of accurate and efficient testing methods is hindering the characterization of e-cigarette aerosols emitted by a wide variety of e-cigarette devices, e-liquids, and use patterns. The aim of this study is to fill this gap by developing an automated E-cigarette Aerosol Collection and Extraction System (E-ACES) consisting of a vaping machine and a collection\/extraction system. The puffing system was designed to mimic e-cigarette use patterns (i.e., power output and puff topography) by means of a variable power-supply and a flow control system. The sampling system collects e-cigarette aerosols using a combination of glass wool and a continuously wetted denuder. After the collection stage, the system is automatically washed with absorbing and extracting liquids (e.g., methanol, an acetaldehyde-DNPH solution). The entire system is controlled by a computer. E-ACES performance was evaluated against conventional methods during measurements of nicotine and carbonyl emissions from a tank type e-cigarette. Nicotine levels measured using glass fiber filters and E-ACES were not significantly different: 201.2 \u00b1 6.2 and 212.5 \u00b1 17\u00a0\u03bcg\/puff (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.377), respectively. Differences in formaldehyde and acetaldehyde levels between filter-DNPH cartridges and the E-ACES were 14% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.057) and 13% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.380), respectively. The E-ACES showed reproducible nicotine and carbonyl testing results for the selected e-cigarette vaping conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2021.764730","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]],"date-time":"2021-11-04T07:34:00Z","timestamp":1636011240000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["An Automated Aerosol Collection and Extraction System to Characterize Electronic Cigarette Aerosols"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yeongkwon","family":"Son","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrey","family":"Khlystov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6937e2","article-title":"E-cigarette Unit Sales, by Product and Flavor Type - United States, 2014-2020","volume":"69","author":"Ali","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. 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