{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T23:54:16Z","timestamp":1793231656668,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]],"date-time":"2022-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013142","name":"Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013142","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013211","name":"Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund for Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17CXTD-05 1630092019001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17CXTD-05 1630092019001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013211","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004761","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004761","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Chem."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Biochar is a low-cost adsorbent for sorptive removal of antibiotics from wastewater, but the adsorption efficiency needs to be improved. In this study, coconut-shell biochar was activated with KOH to improve the adsorption efficiency and magnetically modified with FeCl\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    to enable recycling. The amount of KOH and the concentration of FeCl\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    were optimized to reduce the pollution and production cost. The KOH-activated and FeCl\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    -magnetized biochar gave good sulfonamide antibiotic (SA) removal. The maximum adsorption capacities for sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine and sulfamethoxazole were 294.12, 400.00 and 454.55\u00a0mg\u00a0g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , respectively, i.e., five to seven times higher than those achieved with raw biochar. More than 80% of the adsorption capacity was retained after three consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. A combination of scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared and Raman spectroscopies, and magnetic hysteresis analysis showed that KOH activation increased the specific surface area, porosity, and number of oxygen-rich functional groups. Iron oxide particles, which were formed by FeCl\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    magnetization, covered the biochar surface. The SAs were adsorbed on the modified biochar via hydrogen bonds between SA molecules and -OH\/-COOH groups in the biochar. Investigation of the adsorption kinetics and isotherms showed that the adsorption process follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and a monolayer adsorption mechanism. The adsorption capacity at low pH was relatively high because of a combination of \u03c0\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -\u03c0 electron-donor-acceptor, charge-assisted hydrogen-bonding, electrostatic, and Lewis acid-base interactions, pore filling, van der Waals forces and hydrophobic interactions. The results of this study show that magnetically modified biochar has potential applications as an effective, recyclable adsorbent for antibiotic removal during wastewater treatment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2021.814647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]],"date-time":"2022-01-21T00:18:35Z","timestamp":1642724315000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Adsorption of Sulfonamides in Aqueous Solution on Reusable Coconut-Shell Biochar Modified by Alkaline Activation and Magnetization"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dao","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengke","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binling","family":"Ai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanwu","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2016.11.106","article-title":"Single and Competitive Sorption Properties and Mechanism of Functionalized Biochar for Removing Sulfonamide Antibiotics from Water","volume":"311","author":"Ahmed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2017.11.041","article-title":"Sorptive Removal of Phenolic Endocrine Disruptors by Functionalized Biochar: Competitive Interaction Mechanism, Removal Efficacy and Application in Wastewater","volume":"335","author":"Ahmed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2016.08.077","article-title":"Synthesis of High Surface Area Carbon Adsorbents Prepared from pine Sawdust- Onopordum Acanthium L. For Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Adsorption","volume":"183","author":"\u00c1lvarez-Torrellas","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.02.233","article-title":"Investigation of green Functionalization of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes and its Application in Adsorption of Benzene, Toluene & P-Xylene from Aqueous Solution","volume":"221","author":"Anjum","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2017.04.001","article-title":"Adsorptive Removal of Antibiotic Sulfonamide by UiO-66 and ZIF-67 for Wastewater Treatment","volume":"500","author":"Azhar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interf. Sci."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115893","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2019.115893","article-title":"Chemically Engineered Biochar - Effect of Concentration and Type of Modifier on Sorption and Structural Properties of Biochar from wood Waste","volume":"256","author":"Boguta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2017.07.103","article-title":"High Efficiency of CO 2 -activated Graphite Felt as Electrode for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Application","volume":"364","author":"Chang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Power Sourc."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3059","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.6b04683","article-title":"Slow Pyrolysis Magnetization of Hydrochar for Effective and Highly Stable Removal of Tetracycline from Aqueous Solution","volume":"56","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2018.12.080","article-title":"Facile Fabrication of Hierarchical Porous ZIF-8 for Enhanced Adsorption of Antibiotics","volume":"367","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.01.087","article-title":"pH-Dependent Sorption of Sulfonamide Antibiotics onto Biochars: Sorption Mechanisms and Modeling","volume":"248","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.10.059","article-title":"Bioprocessing for Elimination Antibiotics and Hormones from Swine Wastewater","volume":"621","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137662","article-title":"Feasibility Study on a New Pomelo Peel Derived Biochar for Tetracycline Antibiotics Removal in Swine Wastewater","volume":"720","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.3390\/catal8090346","article-title":"Preparation and Application of Biochar-Based Catalysts for Biofuel Production","volume":"8","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Catalysts"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2020.123455","article-title":"Effects of Modification and Magnetization of rice Straw Derived Biochar on Adsorption of Tetracycline from Water","volume":"311","author":"Dai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2019.07.006","article-title":"Sewage Sludge-Derived Porous Hollow Carbon Nanospheres as High-Performance Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries","volume":"319","author":"Dai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Electrochimica Acta"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.03.050","article-title":"Fast Aniline and Nitrobenzene Remediation from Water on Magnetized and Nonmagnetized Douglas Fir Biochar","volume":"225","author":"Dewage","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2021.11.045","article-title":"Removal of Antibiotics Sulfadiazine by a Biochar Based Material Activated Persulfate Oxidation System: Performance, Products and Mechanism","volume":"157","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Process Saf. Environ. Prot."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.07.423","article-title":"Activated Bio-Chars Derived from rice Husk via One- and Two-step KOH-Catalyzed Pyrolysis for Phenol Adsorption","volume":"646","author":"Fu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11571","DOI":"10.1021\/ie501210j","article-title":"Pharmaceutical Industry Wastewater: Review of the Technologies for Water Treatment and Reuse","volume":"53","author":"Gadipelly","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2011.11.015","article-title":"Adsorption and Removal of Tetracycline Antibiotics from Aqueous Solution by Graphene Oxide","volume":"368","author":"Gao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interf. Sci."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.catena.2017.10.018","article-title":"Positive and Negative Effects of Biochar from Coconut Husks, orange Bagasse and pine wood Chips on maize (Zea mays L.) Growth and Nutrition","volume":"162","author":"Gonzaga","year":"2018","journal-title":"Catena"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.08.038","article-title":"Magnetic Particles Modification of Coconut Shell-Derived Activated Carbon and Biochar for Effective Removal of Phenol from Water","volume":"211","author":"Hao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5224","DOI":"10.1039\/C8GC02570C","article-title":"H2O2\/steam Activation as an Eco-Friendly and Efficient Top-Down Approach to Enhancing Porosity on Carbonaceous Materials: the Effect of Inevitable Oxygen Functionalities on CO2 Capture","volume":"20","author":"Heo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Green. Chem."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.128409","article-title":"KOH-activated High Surface Area Douglas Fir Biochar for Adsorbing Aqueous Cr(VI), Pb(II) and Cd(II)","volume":"269","author":"Herath","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.113809","article-title":"Ball Milled Biochar Effectively Removes Sulfamethoxazole and Sulfapyridine Antibiotics from Water and Wastewater","volume":"258","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.5714\/CL.2015.16.4.275","article-title":"Potassium Hydroxide Activation of Activated Carbon: a Commentary","volume":"16","author":"Hui","year":"2015","journal-title":"Carbon Lett."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1868","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-014-2740-z","article-title":"Sorption and Cosorption of lead and Sulfapyridine on Carbon Nanotube-Modified Biochars","volume":"22","author":"Inyang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3116","DOI":"10.1021\/es903716s","article-title":"Adsorption of Pharmaceutical Antibiotics on Template-Synthesized Ordered Micro- and Mesoporous Carbons","volume":"44","author":"Ji","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2016.09.067","article-title":"Fabrication of \u03b2-cyclodextrin\/poly ( L -glutamic Acid) Supported Magnetic Graphene Oxide and its Adsorption Behavior for 17\u03b2-Estradiol","volume":"308","author":"Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apt.2015.02.006","article-title":"Preparation, Structural Evaluation and Adsorptive Properties of Activated Carbon from Agricultural Waste Biomass","volume":"26","author":"K\u00f6seo\u011flu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Powder Technol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2006.07.015","article-title":"Removal of Antibiotics from a Model Wastewater by RO\/NF Membranes","volume":"53","author":"Kosutic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Separat. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.119","article-title":"Alginate\/PAMAM Dendrimer - Halloysite Beads for Removal of Cationic and Anionic Dyes","volume":"123","author":"Kurczewska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromolecules"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2013.12.063","article-title":"Synthesis, Characterization, Thermal and Antimicrobial Studies of N-Substituted Sulfanilamide Derivatives","volume":"1060","author":"Lahtinen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2021.105324","article-title":"Simultaneous Carbonization, Activation, and Magnetization for Producing tea Waste Biochar and its Application in Tetracycline Removal from the Aquatic Environment","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12251","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.5b00195","article-title":"Development of Biochar-Based Functional Materials: Toward a Sustainable Platform Carbon Material","volume":"115","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125778","article-title":"Effect of Molecular Structure on the Adsorption Affinity of Sulfonamides onto CNTs: Batch Experiments and DFT Calculations","volume":"246","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.15376\/biores.11.4.10433-10447","article-title":"Activated Carbon Derived from Pyrolyzed Pinewood Char Using Elevated Temperature, KOH, H3PO4, and H2O2","volume":"11","author":"Luo","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2016.01.003","article-title":"Synthesis of Lightweight, Hierarchical Cabbage-like Composites as superior Electromagnetic Wave Absorbent","volume":"289","author":"Lv","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1159483","article-title":"Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Natural Environments","volume":"321","author":"Marti\u0301nez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.07.080","article-title":"Equilibrium and Kinetic Mechanisms of Woody Biochar on Aqueous Glyphosate Removal","volume":"144","author":"Mayakaduwa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2012.11.069","article-title":"Preparation, Characterization and Adsorption Potential of the NH4Cl-induced Activated Carbon for the Removal of Amoxicillin Antibiotic from Water","volume":"217","author":"Moussavi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.03.061","article-title":"Adsorption Characteristics of Diclofenac and Sulfamethoxazole to Graphene Oxide in Aqueous Solution","volume":"136","author":"Nam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2017.04.042","article-title":"Biomass-derived Mesopore-Dominant Porous Carbons with Large Specific Surface Area and High Defect Density as High Performance Electrode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries and Supercapacitors","volume":"36","author":"Niu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2018.03.106","article-title":"Insights into the Thermolytic Transformation of Lignocellulosic Biomass Waste to Redox-Active Carbocatalyst: Durability of Surface Active Sites","volume":"233","author":"Oh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. B: Environ."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/0950-4214(93)80024-Q","article-title":"Production and Adsorption Characteristics of MAXSORB: High-Surface-Area Active Carbon","volume":"7","author":"Otowa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gas Separat. Purif."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2019.01.093","article-title":"Synthesis of a Novel Core-Shell-Structure Activated Carbon Material and its Application in Sulfamethoxazole Adsorption","volume":"368","author":"Pamphile","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2017.07.150","article-title":"Biochar Based Removal of Antibiotic Sulfonamides and Tetracyclines in Aquatic Environments: A Critical Review","volume":"246","author":"Peiris","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2015.12.042","article-title":"NaOH-activated Carbon of High Surface Area Produced from Guava Seeds as a High-Efficiency Adsorbent for Amoxicillin Removal: Kinetic, Isotherm and Thermodynamic Studies","volume":"288","author":"Pezoti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.124825","article-title":"Enhanced Adsorptive Removal of Sulfamethoxazole from Water Using Biochar Derived from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sugarcane Bagasse","volume":"407","author":"Prasannamedha","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.04.097","article-title":"Biochar-based Engineered Composites for Sorptive Decontamination of Water: A Review","volume":"372","author":"Premarathna","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.123292","article-title":"KOH-activated Porous Biochar with High Specific Surface Area for Adsorptive Removal of Chromium (VI) and Naphthalene from Water: Affecting Factors, Mechanisms and Reusability Exploration","volume":"401","author":"Qu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.09.076","article-title":"Site Energy Distribution Analysis and Influence of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles on Sulfamethoxazole Sorption in Aqueous Solution by Magnetic pine Sawdust Biochar","volume":"233","author":"Reguyal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2017.11.048","article-title":"Sustainable Efficient Adsorbent: Alkali-Acid Modified Magnetic Biochar Derived from Sewage Sludge for Aqueous Organic Contaminant Removal","volume":"336","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.123423","article-title":"Recent Progress in Sustainable Technologies for Adsorptive and Reactive Removal of Sulfonamides","volume":"389","author":"Tian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13436","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-07940-z","article-title":"Magnetic-activated Carbon Composites Derived from Iron Sludge and Biological Sludge for Sulfonamide Antibiotic Removal","volume":"27","author":"Wan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.04.282","article-title":"Preparation, Modification and Environmental Application of Biochar: A Review","volume":"227","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2019.121470","article-title":"Synergistic Removal of Copper and Tetracycline from Aqueous Solution by Steam-Activated Bamboo-Derived Biochar","volume":"384","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2009.03.035","article-title":"Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from wood via Microwave-Induced ZnCl2 Activation","volume":"47","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clay.2019.105175","article-title":"Competitive Adsorption of Antibiotic Tetracycline and Ciprofloxacin on Montmorillonite","volume":"180","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Clay Sci."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2016.06.138","article-title":"Ultrahigh Adsorption of Typical Antibiotics onto Novel Hierarchical Porous Carbons Derived from Renewable Lignin via Halloysite Nanotubes-Template and In-Situ Activation","volume":"304","author":"Xie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.127435","article-title":"Evaluation of Potassium Ferrate Activated Biochar for the Simultaneous Adsorption of Copper and Sulfadiazine: Competitive versus Synergistic","volume":"424","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2018.11.130","article-title":"Evaluation of Activated Carbon Synthesized by One-Stage and Two-Stage Co-pyrolysis from Sludge and Coconut Shell","volume":"170","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecotoxicology Environ. Saf."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtice.2018.12.017","article-title":"Ultrahigh Adsorption of Tetracycline on Willow Branche-Derived Porous Carbons with Tunable Pore Structure: Isotherm, Kinetics, Thermodynamic and New Mechanism Study","volume":"96","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12040","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b03743","article-title":"Mercury Removal by Magnetic Biochar Derived from Simultaneous Activation and Magnetization of Sawdust","volume":"50","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S1387-1811(03)00456-6","article-title":"Characteristics of Activated Carbons Prepared from Pistachio-Nut Shells by Potassium Hydroxide Activation","volume":"63","author":"Yang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Microporous Mesoporous Mater."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25659","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-017-8849-0","article-title":"Removal of Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and Sulfapyridine (SPY) from Aqueous Solutions by Biochars Derived from Anaerobically Digested Bagasse","volume":"25","author":"Yao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.120662","article-title":"Enhanced Adsorption of Sulfamethoxazole from Aqueous Solution by Fe-Impregnated Graphited Biochar","volume":"256","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/1556-276X-6-89","article-title":"Preparation and Characterization of Spindle-like Fe3O4 Mesoporous Nanoparticles","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nanoscale Res. Lett."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2020.124264","article-title":"Enhanced Adsorption of Tetracycline by an Iron and Manganese Oxides Loaded Biochar: Kinetics, Mechanism and Column Adsorption","volume":"320","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137015","article-title":"Characterization and Sulfonamide Antibiotics Adsorption Capacity of Spent Coffee Grounds Based Biochar and Hydrochar","volume":"716","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2017.11.013","article-title":"Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature, Heating Rate, and Residence Time on Rapeseed Stem Derived Biochar","volume":"174","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1007\/s11595-017-1744-1","article-title":"Effect of Nano-Silica Modification on the Tensile Property of SMA\/GF\/CF\/epoxy Super Hybrid Woven Fabric Composites","volume":"32","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Wuhan Univ. Technol.-Mat. Sci. Edit."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2018.05.041","article-title":"Thermal Treatment of Biochar in the Air\/nitrogen Atmosphere for Developed Mesoporosity and Enhanced Adsorption to Tetracycline","volume":"263","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fchem.2021.814647\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]],"date-time":"2022-01-21T00:18:40Z","timestamp":1642724320000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fchem.2021.814647\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]},"references-count":73,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fchem.2021.814647"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fchem.2021.814647","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2646"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2646","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]},"article-number":"814647"}}