{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T18:06:13Z","timestamp":1790445973398,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009377","name":"Education Department of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009377","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018681","name":"Huaihua University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018681","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009377","name":"Education Department of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009377","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Chem."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    With activated carbon as raw material, AC-Ph-SO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    H was prepared after oxidation with nitric acid, modification with halogenated benzene and sulfonation with concentrated sulfuric acid. After modified by 10% bromobenzene with toluene as a solvent for 5\u00a0h, followed sulfonation with concentrated sulfuric acid at 150\u00b0C, the -SO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    H content of prepared AC-Ph-SO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    H was 0.64\u00a0mmol\/g. Acid content test, infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy detection proved that the surface of AC-Ph-SO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    H was successfully grafted with -SO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    H group. When used as a catalyst for the methylation of palmitate acid, the catalytic performance of AC-Ph-SO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    H was explored. When the reaction time was 6\u00a0h, the amount of catalyst acid accounted for 2.5\u00a0wt% of palmitic acid, and the molar ratio of methanol\/palmitic acid was 40, the esterification rate of palmitic acid was 95.2% and the yield of methyl palmitate was 94.2%, which was much better than those of its precursors AC, AC-O, and AC-Ph (both about 4.5%). AC-Ph-SO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    H exhibited certain stability in the esterification reaction system and the conversion rate of palmitic acid was still above 80% after three reuses.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2022.944398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T00:41:20Z","timestamp":1655772080000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Preparation of Activated Carbon-Based Solid Sulfonic Acid and Its Catalytic Performance in Biodiesel Preparation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yuanzheng","family":"Pi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenzhu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiani","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanmin","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dabo","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruike","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dulin","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.3390\/catal9050482","article-title":"Esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate for Biodiesel Production Catalyzed by Synthesized Kenaf Seed Cake-Based Sulfonated Catalyst","volume":"9","author":"Akinfalabi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Catalysts"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2020.110691","article-title":"Biomass for a Sustainable Bioeconomy: An Overview of World Biomass Production and Utilization","volume":"139","author":"Antar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Renew. 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