{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:08:52Z","timestamp":1791331732686,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006595","name":"Unitatea Executiva pentru Finantarea Invatamantului Superior, a Cercetarii, Dezvoltarii si Inovarii","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Chem."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Two series of sulfonamide derivatives featuring a pyrrol-2-one core were synthesized and evaluated for their antimicrobial and anti-virulence features using\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains, in planktonic and biofilm growth state. Fourteen substituents were introduced on the pyrrole ring, and the sulfonamide group was shifted from\n                    <jats:italic>meta<\/jats:italic>\n                    - (Series B) to\n                    <jats:italic>para<\/jats:italic>\n                    -position (Series A).\n                    <jats:italic>Meta<\/jats:italic>\n                    -substituted sulfonamides generally exhibited stronger antibacterial activity, likely via selective inhibition of microbial\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    -\/\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>\n                    -class carbonic anhydrases, while\n                    <jats:italic>para<\/jats:italic>\n                    -substituted derivatives demonstrated superior antifungal activity and antibiofilm potential. Also, series A compounds were particularly effective in inhibiting virulence factors, including haemolysin (\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), lipase and acidification (\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and lecithinase (\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Structure\u2013activity relationships revealed that\n                    <jats:italic>para<\/jats:italic>\n                    -substitution aligns with human CA II, correlated with an enhanced antifungal efficacy, whereas\n                    <jats:italic>meta<\/jats:italic>\n                    -substitution favors microbial CA targeting, explaining antibacterial selectivity. Antimicrobial efficacy correlated weakly with lipophilicity and solubility, underscoring species-specific activity. Lipophilicity increased skin permeability but decreased solubility, negatively affecting biocompatibility. However, none of the tested compounds were haemolytic at 1\u00a0mg\/mL, and all were well tolerated by dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes at 10\u00a0\u00b5M. Collectively, these results highlight the dual functionality of these derivatives as selective anti-virulence and antimicrobial agents, while their skin-friendly properties make them promising candidates for the treatment of dermal infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2026.1726389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T10:50:46Z","timestamp":1770375046000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Influence of substitution patterns on the antimicrobial properties of pyrrole sulfonamide scaffolds"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ioana C.","family":"Marinas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB","place":["Bucharest, Romania"]},{"name":"SC Deltarom SRL - Centre for Research and Innovative Services in Advanced Biotechnology","place":["Giurgiu, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Simionescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, \u201cPetru Poni\u201d Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy","place":["Iasi, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolae D.","family":"Andreiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SC Deltarom SRL - Centre for Research and Innovative Services in Advanced Biotechnology","place":["Giurgiu, Romania"]},{"name":"Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest","place":["Bucharest, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashraf","family":"Al-Matarneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, \u201cPetru Poni\u201d Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy","place":["Iasi, Romania"]},{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi","place":["Iasi, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tudor","family":"Pinteala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy","place":["Iasi, Romania"]},{"name":"Department Orthopedics and Traumatology, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital","place":["Iasi, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana C.","family":"Chifiriuc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB","place":["Bucharest, Romania"]},{"name":"Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest","place":["Bucharest, Romania"]},{"name":"Romanian Academy","place":["Bucharest, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina M.","family":"Al-Matarneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, \u201cPetru Poni\u201d Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy","place":["Iasi, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3799","DOI":"10.4067\/s0717-97072018000103799","article-title":"Trifluoroacetic acid catalyzed one-pot four-component domino reaction for the synthesis of substituted dihydro 2-oxypyrroles","volume":"1","author":"Acid","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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