{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T17:36:32Z","timestamp":1792690592334,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2015.00001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,28]],"date-time":"2015-01-28T10:15:10Z","timestamp":1422440110000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":315,"title":["Methicillin resistance and the biofilm phenotype in Staphylococcus aureus"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Hannah","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justine K.","family":"Rudkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikki S.","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eoghan","family":"O'Neill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James P.","family":"O'Gara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2003.09.018","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and endocarditis: the Grady Memorial Hospital experience with methicillin-sensitive S aureus and methicillin-resistant S aureus bacteremia","volume":"147","author":"Abraham","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. Heart J"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4206","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.7.4206-4211.2003","article-title":"Mutation of sarA in Staphylococcus aureus limits biofilm formation","volume":"71","author":"Beenken","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4665","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.14.4665-4684.2004","article-title":"Global gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus biofilms","volume":"186","author":"Beenken","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.06134-11","article-title":"Impact of extracellular nuclease production on the biofilm phenotype of Staphylococcus aureus under in vitro and in vivo conditions","volume":"80","author":"Beenken","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2006.00281.x","article-title":"Activity of the major staphylococcal autolysin Atl","volume":"259","author":"Biswas","year":"2006","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000052","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000052","article-title":"Agr-mediated dispersal of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms","volume":"4","author":"Boles","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10146","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010146","article-title":"Identification of genes involved in polysaccharide-independent Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation","volume":"5","author":"Boles","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e42244","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0042244","article-title":"Contribution of the Staphylococcus aureus Atl AM and GL murein hydrolase activities in cell division, autolysis, and biofilm formation","volume":"7","author":"Bose","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2012.08203.x","article-title":"sarA negatively regulates Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation by modulating expression of 1 MDa extracellular matrix binding protein and autolysis-dependent release of eDNA","volume":"86","author":"Christner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33275","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M702800200","article-title":"The flagellar sigma factor FliA regulates adhesion and invasion of Crohn disease-associated Escherichia coli via a cyclic dimeric GMP-dependent pathway","volume":"282","author":"Claret","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"B10a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2009.151","article-title":"Offsetting virulence and antibiotic resistance costs by MRSA","volume":"4","author":"Collins","year":"2010","journal-title":"ISME J"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4268","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01946-14","article-title":"Role for the a domain of unprocessed Accumulation-Associated Protein (Aap) in the attachment phase of the Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm phenotype","volume":"196","author":"Conlon","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4400","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.16.4400-4408.2002","article-title":"icaR encodes a transcriptional repressor involved in environmental regulation of ica operon expression and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus epidermidis","volume":"184","author":"Conlon","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19456","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0807717105","article-title":"A zinc-dependent adhesion module is responsible for intercellular adhesion in staphylococcal biofilms","volume":"105","author":"Conrady","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E202","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1208134110","article-title":"Structural basis for Zn2+-dependent intercellular adhesion in staphylococcal biofilms","volume":"110","author":"Conrady","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002217","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002217","article-title":"c-di-AMP is a new second messenger in Staphylococcus aureus with a role in controlling cell size and envelope stress","volume":"7","author":"Corrigan","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9084","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1300595110","article-title":"Systematic identification of conserved bacterial c-di-AMP receptor proteins","volume":"110","author":"Corrigan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2435","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2007\/006676-0","article-title":"The role of Staphylococcus aureus surface protein SasG in adherence and biofilm formation","volume":"153","author":"Corrigan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5427","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.10.5427-5433.1999","article-title":"The intercellular adhesion (ica) locus is present in Staphylococcus aureus and is required for biofilm formation","volume":"67","author":"Cramton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4079","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.6.4079-4085.2001","article-title":"Anaerobic conditions induce expression of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis","volume":"69","author":"Cramton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2888","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.9.2888-2896.2001","article-title":"Bap, a Staphylococcus aureus surface protein involved in biofilm formation","volume":"183","author":"Cucarella","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2177","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.4.2177-2185.2004","article-title":"Role of biofilm-associated protein bap in the pathogenesis of bovine Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"72","author":"Cucarella","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu514","article-title":"Effect of biofilms on recalcitrance of staphylococcal joint infection to antibiotic treatment","author":"Dastgheyb","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1008","article-title":"Understanding biofilm resistance to antibacterial agents","volume":"2","author":"Davies","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e73512","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073512","article-title":"Mutation in the C-Di-AMP Cyclase dacA affects fitness and resistance of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"8","author":"Dengler","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.2.167-193.2002","article-title":"Biofilms: survival mechanisms of clinically relevant microorganisms","volume":"15","author":"Donlan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01000","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01000-13","article-title":"Novel determinants of antibiotic resistance: identification of mutated loci in highly methicillin-resistant subpopulations of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"5","author":"Dordel","year":"2014","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2005.06.004","article-title":"Environmental regulation of biofilm development in methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates","volume":"62","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Hosp. Infect"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.4.1973-1976.2005","article-title":"Evidence for icaADBC-independent biofilm development mechanism in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates","volume":"43","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01667-14","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01667-14","article-title":"The extracellular matrix of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms comprises cytoplasmic proteins that associate with the cell surface in response to decreasing pH","volume":"5","author":"Foulston","year":"2014","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3955","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.14.3955-3964.2000","article-title":"A new two-component regulatory system involved in adhesion, autolysis, and extracellular proteolytic activity of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"182","author":"Fournier","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s430-001-8018-5","article-title":"The intercellular adhesin locus ica is present in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from bacteremic patients with infected and uninfected prosthetic joints","volume":"189","author":"Fowler","year":"2001","journal-title":"Med. Microbiol. Immunol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5663","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00628-10","article-title":"Role of surface protein SasG in biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"192","author":"Geoghegan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2675","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.02128-12","article-title":"Subdomains N2N3 of fibronectin binding protein a mediate Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation and adherence to fibrinogen using distinct mechanisms","volume":"195","author":"Geoghegan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2002.02827.x","article-title":"Staphylococcus and biofilms","volume":"43","author":"G\u00c3\u00b6tz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05148-11","article-title":"Loss of function of the gdpP protein leads to joint beta-lactam\/glycopeptide tolerance in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"56","author":"Griffiths","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1011","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1119456109","article-title":"Staphylococcal biofilm-forming protein has a contiguous rod-like structure","volume":"109","author":"Gruszka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro821","article-title":"Bacterial biofilms: from the natural environment to infectious diseases","volume":"2","author":"Hall-Stoodley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2010.09.017","article-title":"An in vitro biofilm model to examine the effect of antibiotic ointments on biofilms produced by burn wound bacterial isolates","volume":"37","author":"Hammond","year":"2011","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.64.1.277-282.1996","article-title":"Characterization of Tn917 insertion mutants of Staphylococcus epidermidis affected in biofilm formation","volume":"64","author":"Heilmann","year":"1996a","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0934-8840(98)80149-7","article-title":"Further characterization of Staphylococcus epidermidis transposon mutants deficient in primary attachment or intercellular adhesion","volume":"287","author":"Heilmann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Zentralbl. Bakteriol"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1997.4101774.x","article-title":"Evidence for autolysin-mediated primary attachment of Staphylococcus epidermidis to a polystyrene surface","volume":"24","author":"Heilmann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02548.x","article-title":"Molecular basis of intercellular adhesion in the biofilm-forming Staphylococcus epidermidis","volume":"20","author":"Heilmann","year":"1996b","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2009.12.011","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance of bacterial biofilms","volume":"35","author":"H\u00c3\u00b8iby","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00364-10","article-title":"Essential role for the major autolysin in the fibronectin-binding protein-mediated Staphylococcus aureus biofilm phenotype","volume":"79","author":"Houston","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.2.519-524.1997","article-title":"A 140-kilodalton extracellular protein is essential for the accumulation of Staphylococcus epidermidis strains on surfaces","volume":"65","author":"Hussain","year":"1997","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02073-07","article-title":"Differential roles of poly-N-acetylglucosamine surface polysaccharide and extracellular DNA in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms","volume":"74","author":"Izano","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2012.10.022","article-title":"Molecular basis of in vivo biofilm formation by bacterial pathogens","volume":"19","author":"Joo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem. Biol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3921","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003921","article-title":"A novel gene, fudoh, in the SCCmec region suppresses the colony spreading ability and virulence of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"3","author":"Kaito","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003269","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003269","article-title":"Mobile genetic element SCCmec-encoded psm-mec RNA suppresses translation of agrA and attenuates MRSA virulence","volume":"9","author":"Kaito","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001267","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001267","article-title":"Transcription and translation products of the cytolysin gene psm-mec on the mobile genetic element SCCmec regulate Staphylococcus aureus virulence","volume":"7","author":"Kaito","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4742","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.8.4742-4748.2001","article-title":"Decreased amounts of cell wall-associated protein A and fibronectin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus sarA mutants due to up-regulation of extracellular proteases","volume":"69","author":"Karlsson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e71025","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0071025","article-title":"Exposure of clinical MRSA heterogeneous strains to beta-lactams redirects metabolism to optimize energy production through the TCA cycle","volume":"8","author":"Keaton","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e26714","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026714","article-title":"Nuclease modulates biofilm formation in community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"6","author":"Kiedrowski","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2008.10.134","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus surface protein SasG contributes to intercellular autoaggregation of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"377","author":"Kuroda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20943","article-title":"Biofilm dispersal of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on orthopedic implant material","volume":"28","author":"Lauderdale","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1021\/pr400669d","article-title":"Label-free quantitative proteomics analysis of antibiotic response in Staphylococcus aureus to oxacillin","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3244","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.62.8.3244-3253.1994","article-title":"Characterization of transposon mutants of biofilm-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis impaired in the accumulative phase of biofilm production: genetic identification of a hexosamine-containing polysaccharide intercellular adhesin","volume":"62","author":"Mack","year":"1994","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2009.10.005","article-title":"Extracellular proteases inhibit protein-dependent biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"12","author":"Marti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5510","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.080520697","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus sortase mutants defective in the display of surface proteins and in the pathogenesis of animal infections","volume":"97","author":"Mazmanian","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2001.02411.x","article-title":"Sortase-catalysed anchoring of surface proteins to the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"40","author":"Mazmanian","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1111\/1574-6968.12424","article-title":"Fibronectin-binding proteins are required for biofilm formation by community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain LAC","volume":"353","author":"McCourt","year":"2014","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25893","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M703063200","article-title":"The tandem beta-zipper model defines high affinity fibronectin-binding repeats within Staphylococcus aureus FnBPA","volume":"282","author":"Meenan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.6.1251","article-title":"Lack of mecA transcription in slime-negative phase variants of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis","volume":"38","author":"Mempel","year":"1994","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00224346","article-title":"Variable degree of slime production is linked to different levels of beta-lactam susceptibility in Staphylococcus epidermidis phase variants","volume":"184","author":"Mempel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Med. Microbiol. Immunol"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01222-08","article-title":"Protein A-mediated multicellular behavior in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"191","author":"Merino","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1994.tb01829.x","article-title":"Comparison of the virulence of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"38","author":"Mizobuchi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Microbiol. Immunol"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2013.0053","article-title":"Whole-genome sequencing reveals a link between beta-lactam resistance and synthetases of the alarmone (p)ppGpp in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"19","author":"Mwangi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Microb. Drug Resist"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00651-13","article-title":"Molecular characterization of endocarditis-associated Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"51","author":"Nethercott","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3967","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1993.tb06074.x","article-title":"Synthesis of staphylococcal virulence factors is controlled by a regulatory RNA molecule","volume":"12","author":"Novick","year":"1993","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2007.00688.x","article-title":"ica and beyond: biofilm mechanisms and regulation in Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"270","author":"O'Gara","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-50-7-582","article-title":"Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms: importance and implications","volume":"50","author":"O'Gara","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3835","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00167-08","article-title":"A novel Staphylococcus aureus biofilm phenotype mediated by the fibronectin-binding proteins, FnBPA and FnBPB","volume":"190","author":"O'Neill","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02280-06","article-title":"Association between methicillin susceptibility and biofilm regulation in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from device-related infections","volume":"45","author":"O'Neill","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.1.285","article-title":"A Staphylococcus aureus autolysin that has an N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase domain and an endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase domain: cloning, sequence analysis, and characterization","volume":"92","author":"Oshida","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.201200112","article-title":"Coagulase-negative staphylococci as reservoirs of genes facilitating MRSA infection: staphylococcal commensal species such as Staphylococcus epidermidis are being recognized as important sources of genes promoting MRSA colonization and virulence","volume":"35","author":"Otto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioessays"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1115006109","article-title":"How Staphylococcus aureus biofilms develop their characteristic structure","volume":"109","author":"Periasamy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002626","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002626","article-title":"Methicillin resistance alters the biofilm phenotype and attenuates virulence in Staphylococcus aureus device-associated infections","volume":"8","author":"Pozzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2007\/006031-0","article-title":"Role of autolysin-mediated DNA release in biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis","volume":"153","author":"Qin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000533","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000533","article-title":"Mobile genetic element-encoded cytolysin connects virulence to methicillin resistance in MRSA","volume":"5","author":"Queck","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.040238","article-title":"YybT is a signaling protein that contains a cyclic dinucleotide phosphodiesterase domain and a GGDEF domain with ATPase activity","volume":"285","author":"Rao","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3381","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.60.8.3381-3388.1992","article-title":"Glucose and nonmaintained pH decrease expression of the accessory gene regulator (agr) in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"60","author":"Regassa","year":"1992","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04515.x","article-title":"Induction of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation via proteolytic processing of the accumulation-associated protein by staphylococcal and host proteases","volume":"55","author":"Rohde","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcb.2009.10.005","article-title":"Structure, function and contribution of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) to Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation and pathogenesis of biomaterial-associated infections","volume":"89","author":"Rohde","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cell Biol"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4595","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.12.4595-4596.2001","article-title":"Correlation of Staphylococcus aureus icaADBC genotype and biofilm expression phenotype","volume":"39","author":"Rohde","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir845","article-title":"Methicillin resistance reduces the virulence of healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by interfering with the agr quorum sensing system","volume":"205","author":"Rudkin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01618-13","article-title":"Oxacillin alters the toxin expression profile of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"58","author":"Rudkin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1086\/319279","article-title":"Characterization of the importance of Staphylococcus epidermidis autolysin and polysaccharide intercellular adhesin in the pathogenesis of intravascular catheter-associated infection in a rat model","volume":"183","author":"Rupp","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.02177-14","article-title":"Accumulation-associated protein (Aap) enhances Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation under dynamic conditions and is required for infection in a rat catheter model","volume":"83","author":"Schaeffer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e7567","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007567","article-title":"Molecular characterization of a novel Staphylococcus aureus surface protein (SasC) involved in cell aggregation and biofilm accumulation","volume":"4","author":"Schroeder","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01589","article-title":"Pathogenic bacteria attach to human fibronectin through a tandem beta-zipper","volume":"423","author":"Schwarz-Linek","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3670","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01464-08","article-title":"Inhibition of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation by rabbit polyclonal antibodies against the SesC protein","volume":"77","author":"Shahrooei","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01370-07","article-title":"Genetic evidence for an alternative citrate-dependent biofilm formation pathway in Staphylococcus aureus that is dependent on fibronectin binding proteins and the GraRS two-component regulatory system","volume":"76","author":"Shanks","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.26634-0","article-title":"The role and regulation of the extracellular proteases of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"150","author":"Shaw","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2007\/015289-0","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus host specificity: comparative genomics of human versus animal isolates by multi-strain microarray","volume":"154","author":"Sung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.07.046","article-title":"The cyclic dinucleotide c-di-AMP is an allosteric regulator of metabolic enzyme function","volume":"158","author":"Sureka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9876","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.13.9876","article-title":"Anchoring of surface proteins to the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus. Sortase catalyzed in vitro transpeptidation reaction using LPXTG peptide and NH(2)-Gly(3) substrates","volume":"275","author":"Ton-That","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2465","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.27865-0","article-title":"Bap-dependent biofilm formation by pathogenic species of Staphylococcus: evidence of horizontal gene transfer?","volume":"151","author":"Tormo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03493.x","article-title":"SarA and not sigmaB is essential for biofilm development by Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"48","author":"Valle","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3978","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00616-09","article-title":"Relevant role of fibronectin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus biofilm-associated foreign-body infections","volume":"77","author":"Vergara-Irigaray","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1086\/377239","article-title":"Quorum-sensing control of biofilm factors in Staphylococcus epidermidis","volume":"188","author":"Vuong","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1086\/424487","article-title":"Increased colonization of indwelling medical devices by quorum-sensing mutants of Staphylococcus epidermidis in vivo","volume":"190","author":"Vuong","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(02)01563-0","article-title":"Staphylococcus epidermidis infections","volume":"4","author":"Vuong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1086\/317606","article-title":"Impact of the agr quorum-sensing system on adherence to polystyrene in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"182","author":"Vuong","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI42520","article-title":"Staphylococcus epidermidis surfactant peptides promote biofilm maturation and dissemination of biofilm-associated infection in mice","volume":"121","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00414719","article-title":"Inhibition of wall autolysis of staphylococci by sodium polyanethole sulfonate \u00e2\u20ac\u0153liquoid.\u00e2\u20ac\u009d","volume":"144","author":"Wecke","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis279","article-title":"Illness severity in community-onset invasive Staphylococcus aureus infection and the presence of virulence genes","volume":"205","author":"Wehrhahn","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00295505","article-title":"Salt-induced cell lysis of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"30","author":"Yabu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.178.6.1565-1571.1996","article-title":"An autolysin ring associated with cell separation of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"178","author":"Yamada","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,29]],"date-time":"2020-08-29T07:49:24Z","timestamp":1598687364000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fcimb.2015.00001\/abstract"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,28]]},"references-count":109,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2015.00001","relation":{},"ISSN":["2235-2988"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2235-2988","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,28]]}}}