{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T08:52:00Z","timestamp":1790844720843,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,8]],"date-time":"2018-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1528416000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,8]],"date-time":"2018-06-08T01:06:57Z","timestamp":1528420017000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Lipid A Has Significance for Optimal Growth of Coxiella burnetii in Macrophage-Like THP-1 Cells and to a Lesser Extent in Axenic Media and Non-phagocytic Cells"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Tao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonghui","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofei","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengdong","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zemin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihui","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongqiang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Omsland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4740","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)61258-X","article-title":"Structure and biological relationships of Coxiella burnetii lipopolysaccharides","volume":"262","author":"Amano","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3245","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01767-06","article-title":"T cells are essential for bacterial clearance, and gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and B cells are crucial for disease development in Coxiella burnetii infection in mice","volume":"75","author":"Andoh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.07.016","article-title":"Q Fever","volume":"140","author":"Angelakis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2174\/138920108783497668","article-title":"Mechanism and inhibition of LpxC: an essential zinc-dependent deacetylase of bacterial lipid A synthesis","volume":"9","author":"Barb","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-4315-1_13","article-title":"Genetic manipulation of Coxiella burnetii","volume":"984","author":"Beare","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1261-2_19","article-title":"Gene inactivation in Coxiella burnetii","volume":"1197","author":"Beare","year":"2014","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00175","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00175-11","article-title":"Dot\/Icm type IVB secretion system requirements for Coxiella burnetii growth in human macrophages","volume":"2","author":"Beare","year":"2011","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27646","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.46.27646","article-title":"Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and cell growth following inactivation of the kdtA gene in Escherichia coli","volume":"270","author":"Belunis","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6194","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.9.6194-6197.2005","article-title":"Viability of a capsule- and lipopolysaccharide-deficient mutant of Neisseria meningitidis","volume":"73","author":"Bos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1021\/jm2014748","article-title":"Potent inhibitors of LpxC for the treatment of Gram-negative infections","volume":"55","author":"Brown","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002056","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002056","article-title":"The Coxiella burnetii Dot\/Icm system delivers a unique repertoire of type IV effectors into host cells and is required for intracellular replication","volume":"9","author":"Carey","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1016462108","article-title":"Dioxygenases in Burkholderia ambifaria and Yersinia pestis that hydroxylate the outer Kdo unit of lipopolysaccharide","volume":"108","author":"Chung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1038\/nsb948","article-title":"Structure of the LpxC deacetylase with a bound substrate-analog inhibitor","volume":"10","author":"Coggins","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Biol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7344","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.21.7344-7352.2004","article-title":"Temporal analysis of Coxiella burnetii morphological differentiation","volume":"186","author":"Coleman","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-017-0992-8","article-title":"Chlamydia spp. development is differentially altered by treatment with the LpxC inhibitor LPC-011","volume":"17","author":"Cram","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-4315-1_8","article-title":"The Coxiella burnetii parasitophorous vacuole","volume":"984","author":"Ghigo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.56.4.802-807.1988","article-title":"Steric hindrance of antibody binding to surface proteins of Coxiella burnetti by phase I lipopolysaccharide","volume":"56","author":"Hackstadt","year":"1988","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268899003763","article-title":"Long-term persistence of Coxiella burnetii in the host after primary Q fever","volume":"124","author":"Harris","year":"2000","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-4315-1_1","article-title":"History and prospects of Coxiella burnetii research","volume":"984","author":"Hechemy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3465","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00406-10","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii phase I and II variants replicate with similar kinetics in degradative phagolysosome-like compartments of human macrophages","volume":"78","author":"Howe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1080\/13543776.2017.1360282","article-title":"LpxC inhibitors: a patent review (2010-2016)","volume":"27","author":"Kalinin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Ther. Pat."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2015.08.006","article-title":"Biogenesis of the lysosome-derived vacuole containing Coxiella burnetii","volume":"17","author":"Kohler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microbes Infect."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.02763-14","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii effector proteins that localize to the parasitophorous vacuole membrane promote intracellular replication","volume":"83","author":"Larson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb-2016-0044","article-title":"Right on Q: genetics begin to unravel Coxiella burnetii host cell interactions","volume":"11","author":"Larson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Future Microbiol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2010.11.011","article-title":"Species-specific and inhibitor-dependent conformations of LpxC: implications for antibiotic design","volume":"18","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chem. Biol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2010.12.017","article-title":"Syntheses, structures and antibiotic activities of LpxC inhibitors based on the diacetylene scaffold","volume":"19","author":"Liang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.12.4.518","article-title":"Q fever","volume":"12","author":"Maurin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-4315-1_12","article-title":"Developmental biology of Coxiella burnetii","volume":"984","author":"Minnick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4971","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00834-10","article-title":"Colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii is mediated by complete loss of lipopolysaccharide production","volume":"54","author":"Moffatt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.55.5.1144-1150.1987","article-title":"Comparative virulence of intra- and interstrain lipopolysaccharide variants of Coxiella burnetii in the guinea pig model","volume":"55","author":"Moos","year":"1987","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02313","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02313-16","article-title":"Elevated cholesterol in the Coxiella burnetii intracellular niche is bacteriolytic","volume":"8","author":"Mulye","year":"2017","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-4315-1_4","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide of Coxiella burnetii","volume":"984","author":"Narasaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10284","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1107478108","article-title":"Lipooligosaccharide is required for the generation of infectious elementary bodies in Chlamydia trachomatis","volume":"108","author":"Nguyen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-4315-1_11","article-title":"Axenic growth of Coxiella burnetii","volume":"984","author":"Omsland","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3720","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02826-10","article-title":"Isolation from animal tissue and genetic transformation of Coxiella burnetii are facilitated by an improved axenic growth medium","volume":"77","author":"Omsland","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4430","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0812074106","article-title":"Host cell-free growth of the Q fever bacterium Coxiella burnetii","volume":"106","author":"Omsland","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7569","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.11.7569-7577.2005","article-title":"Moraxella catarrhalis bacterium without endotoxin, a potential vaccine candidate","volume":"73","author":"Peng","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.76.010307.145803","article-title":"Lipid A modification systems in gram-negative bacteria","volume":"76","author":"Raetz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3042","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00261-16","article-title":"Complementation of arginine auxotrophy for genetic transformation of Coxiella burnetii by use of a defined axenic medium","volume":"82","author":"Sandoz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8722","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501863102","article-title":"Virulent Coxiella burnetii does not activate human dendritic cells: role of lipopolysaccharide as a shielding molecule","volume":"102","author":"Shannon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B41","first-page":"241","article-title":"Analysis of the 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid region in a lipopolysaccharide isolated from Coxiella burnetii strain Nine Mile in phase II","volume":"38","author":"Toman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta. Virol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01551","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01551-14","article-title":"LpxC inhibitors as new antibacterial agents and tools for studying regulation of lipid A biosynthesis in Gram-negative pathogens","volume":"5","author":"Tomaras","year":"2014","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00190","article-title":"Physicochemical and nutritional requirements for axenic replication suggest physiological basis for Coxiella burnetii niche restriction","volume":"7","author":"Vallejo Esquerra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.08.002","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii: host and bacterial responses to infection","volume":"25","author":"Waag","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8146","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1432990100","article-title":"Crystal structure of LpxC, a zinc-dependent deacetylase essential for endotoxin biosynthesis","volume":"100","author":"Whittington","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.110.1.368-377.1972","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of two cell types of Coxiella burneti phase I","volume":"110","author":"Wiebe","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2013.09.007","article-title":"On the essentiality of lipopolysaccharide to Gram-negative bacteria","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2016.11.014","article-title":"Structure, inhibition, and regulation of essential lipid A enzymes","volume":"1862","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00192\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]],"date-time":"2022-08-25T03:17:04Z","timestamp":1661397424000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00192\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,8]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00192"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00192","relation":{},"ISSN":["2235-2988"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2235-2988","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,8]]},"article-number":"192"}}