{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T03:25:16Z","timestamp":1787714716769,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,4]],"date-time":"2018-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536019200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007459","name":"Multiple Sclerosis International Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Du Pre Award 2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Du Pre Award 2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007459","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001407","name":"Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BT\/PR20922\/MED\/122\/37\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BT\/PR20922\/MED\/122\/37\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001501","name":"University Grants Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001501","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,4]],"date-time":"2018-09-04T13:01:43Z","timestamp":1536066103000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Intracranial Inoculation Is More Potent Than Intranasal Inoculation for Inducing Optic Neuritis in the Mouse Hepatitis Virus-Induced Model of Multiple Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Manmeet","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reas S.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Dine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayasri","family":"Das Sarma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth S.","family":"Shindler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(93)90045-H","article-title":"Two neurotropic viruses, herpes simplex virus type 1 and mouse hepatitis virus, spread along different neural pathways from the main olfactory bulb","volume":"57","author":"Barnett","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1993.1248","article-title":"The olfactory nerve and not the trigeminal nerve is the major site of CNS entry for mouse hepatitis virus, strain JHM","volume":"194","author":"Barnett","year":"1993","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00686390","article-title":"Olfactory neural pathway in mouse hepatitis virus nasoencephalitis","volume":"76","author":"Barthold","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8173","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.17.8173-8186.2001","article-title":"Targeted disruption of the Ceacam1 (MHVR) gene leads to reduced susceptibility of mice to mouse hepatitis virus infection","volume":"75","author":"Blau","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902420410","article-title":"Endocytic and exocytic pathways of the neuronal secretory process and trans-synaptic transfer of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase in vivo","volume":"242","author":"Broadwell","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2007.03.025","article-title":"Intranasal delivery: physicochemical and therapeutic aspects","volume":"337","author":"Costantino","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9206","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.19.9206-9213.2000","article-title":"Demyelination determinants map to the spike glycoprotein gene of coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus","volume":"74","author":"Das Sarma","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5519","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01488-07","article-title":"Demyelinating and nondemyelinating strains of mouse hepatitis virus differ in their neural cell tropism","volume":"82","author":"Das Sarma","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10272","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1975-09.2009","article-title":"Mechanisms of primary axonal damage in a viral model of multiple sclerosis","volume":"29","author":"Das Sarma","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280260422686","article-title":"Enhanced green fluorescent protein expression may be used to monitor murine coronavirus spread in vitro and in the mouse central nervous system","volume":"8","author":"Das Sarma","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurovirol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.21924","article-title":"Intranasal delivery to the central nervous system: mechanisms and experimental considerations","volume":"99","author":"Dhuria","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21327","article-title":"The olfactory vector hypothesis of neurodegenerative disease: is it viable?","volume":"63","author":"Doty","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10156","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.18.10156-10165.2004","article-title":"Ceacam1a-\/- mice are completely resistant to infection by murine coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus A59","volume":"78","author":"Hemmila","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-5823-7_79","article-title":"Localization of virus and antibody response in mice infected persistently with MHV-JHM","volume":"276","author":"Jacobsen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41768","DOI":"10.1038\/srep41768","article-title":"Intranasal delivery of a novel amnion cell secretome prevents neuronal damage and preserves function in a mouse multiple sclerosis model","volume":"7","author":"Khan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/2051-5960-2-3","article-title":"SIRT1 activating compounds reduce oxidative stress mediated neuronal loss in viral induced CNS demyelinating disease","volume":"2","author":"Khan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3029","article-title":"Microbes' roadmap to neurons","volume":"12","author":"Kristensson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00688493","article-title":"Uptake of exogenous proteins in mouse olfactory cells","volume":"19","author":"Kristensson","year":"1971","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"B19","first-page":"31","article-title":"Limbic encephalitis after inhalation of a murine coronavirus","volume":"58","author":"Lavi","year":"1988","journal-title":"Lab Invest."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-9373-7_24","article-title":"MHV-A59 pathogenesis in mice","volume":"173","author":"Lavi","year":"1984","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70326-5","article-title":"Strategies to advance translational research into brain barriers","volume":"7","author":"Neuwelt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.172.4.1127","article-title":"Effect of olfactory bulb ablation on spread of a neurotropic coronavirus into the mouse brain","volume":"172","author":"Perlman","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-1899-0_10","article-title":"Spread of MHV-JHM from nasal cavity to white matter of spinal cord. Transneuronal movement and involvement of astrocytes","volume":"380","author":"Perlman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"B24","first-page":"1883","article-title":"Ocular tropisms of murine coronavirus (strain JHM) after inoculation by various routes","volume":"32","author":"Robbins","year":"1991","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/26.8.937","article-title":"Intranasal inoculation with the olfactory bulb line variant of mouse hepatitis virus causes extensive destruction of the olfactory bulb and accelerated turnover of neurons in the olfactory epithelium of mice","volume":"26","author":"Schwob","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chem. Senses"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e31821da499","article-title":"Macrophage-mediated optic neuritis induced by retrograde axonal transport of spike gene recombinant mouse hepatitis virus","volume":"70","author":"Shindler","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8882","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00920-08","article-title":"Experimental optic neuritis induced by a demyelinating strain of mouse hepatitis virus","volume":"82","author":"Shindler","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.31.1.38","article-title":"Chronic central nervous system demyelination in mice after JHM virus infection","volume":"31","author":"Stohlman","year":"1981","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.69.2.633-641.1995","article-title":"Spread of a neurotropic coronavirus to spinal cord white matter via neurons and astrocytes","volume":"69","author":"Sun","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)00637-6","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of the olfactory pathway for drug delivery to the brain","volume":"692","author":"Thorne","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.05.029","article-title":"Delivery of insulin-like growth factor-I to the rat brain and spinal cord along olfactory and trigeminal pathways following intranasal administration","volume":"127","author":"Thorne","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.10.090","article-title":"Direct transport of VEGF from the nasal cavity to brain","volume":"449","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00311\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,8]],"date-time":"2020-11-08T22:01:50Z","timestamp":1604872910000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00311\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,4]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00311"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00311","relation":{},"ISSN":["2235-2988"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2235-2988","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,4]]},"article-number":"311"}}