{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T18:51:54Z","timestamp":1790189514692,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]],"date-time":"2018-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]],"date-time":"2018-11-13T07:53:00Z","timestamp":1542095580000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Histological Disorganization of Spleen Compartments and Severe Visceral Leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Micely d'El-Rei","family":"Hermida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline Vilas Boas","family":"de Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isadora dos Santos","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geraldo Gileno de S\u00e1","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Washington L. C.","family":"dos-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.5433\/1679-0359.2001v22n2p123","article-title":"Aspectos cl\u00ednicos, patol\u00f3gicos e sorol\u00f3gicos da toxoplasmose experimental em c\u00e3es jovens","volume":"22","author":"Abreu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sem. Ci. Agr."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2009.009234","article-title":"Successful therapeutic splenectomy in an HIV patient with relapsing visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"23","author":"Alon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. STD AIDS"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864257","DOI":"10.5402\/2011\/864257","article-title":"Splenic complications of sickle cell anemia and the role of splenectomy","volume":"2011","author":"Al-Salem","year":"2011","journal-title":"ISRN Hematol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2017.06.006","article-title":"Indigofera oblongifolia leaf extract regulates spleen macrophage response during Plasmodium chabaudi infection","volume":"24","author":"Al-Shaebi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-015-0641-3","article-title":"Splenic architecture disruption and parasite-induced splenocyte activation and anergy in Plasmodium falciparum-infected Saimiri sciureus monkeys","volume":"4","author":"Alves","year":"2015","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/162.6.1354","article-title":"Bacterial infections in patients with visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"162","author":"Andrade","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B7","first-page":"259","article-title":"[Some new aspects of the kala-azar pathology. (Morphologic study of 13 autopsy cases)]","volume":"8","author":"Andrade","year":"1966","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo"},{"key":"B8","first-page":"285","article-title":"A patologia da forma hepato-espl\u00eanica da esquistossomose mansoni em sua forma avan\u00e7ada (estudo de 232 necr\u00f3psias completas)","volume":"78","author":"Andrade","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pesq. Vet. Bras"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1038\/35018581","article-title":"A chemokine-driven positive feedback loop organizes lymphoid follicles","volume":"406","author":"Ansel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/his.12143","article-title":"Splenic manifestations of chronic autoimmune disorder: a report of five cases with histiocytic necrotizing change in four cases","volume":"63","author":"Auerbach","year":"2013","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/154.4.639","article-title":"A prospective study of visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic area of Brazil","volume":"154","author":"Badar\u00f3","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2017.11.003","article-title":"Parasitic load and histological aspects in different regions of the spleen of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"56","author":"Bagues","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B13","unstructured":"Canine visceral leishmaniasis in kerman, southeast of Iran: a seroepidemiological, histopathological and molecular study. Iran J342349 BamorovatM. SharifiI. Ali MohammadiM. Fasihi HarandiM. MohebaliM. Malekpour AfsharR. Parasitol92014"},{"key":"B14","first-page":"753","article-title":"Response of spleen and jejunum of mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni to Mulberry treatment","volume":"46","author":"Bauomy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pakistan J. Zool"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1076071","article-title":"Maintenance of serological memory by polyclonal activation of human memory B cells","volume":"298","author":"Bernasconi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxn020","article-title":"Mechanisms of organogenesis of primary lymphoid follicles","volume":"20","author":"Beyer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822005000100008","article-title":"Evaluation of the effect of splenectomy with autologous spleen tissue implantation in some monocyte functions in children with hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis mansoni","volume":"38","author":"Brandt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00701333","article-title":"Outer mantle zone of the follicle in the human spleen","volume":"407","author":"Brozman","year":"1985","journal-title":"Virchows Arch. A Pathol. Anat. Histopathol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2006.00817.x","article-title":"Immunohistological features of visceral leishmaniasis in BALB\/c mice","volume":"28","author":"Carri\u00f3n","year":"2006","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0123009","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0123009","article-title":"parasite load induces progressive spleen architecture breakage and impairs cytokine mrna expression in Leishmania infantum-naturally infected dogs","volume":"10","author":"Cavalcanti","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2011.02.004","article-title":"Innate control of B cell responses","volume":"32","author":"Cerutti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230600867743","article-title":"Normal structure, function, and histology of the spleen","volume":"34","author":"Cesta","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicol. Pathol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822010000400010","article-title":"Is severe visceral leishmaniasis a systemic inflammatory response syndrome? A case control study","volume":"43","author":"Costa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2012.06.015","article-title":"A high-fat diet associated with acute schistosomiasis mansoni causes disorganization in splenic architecture in mice","volume":"132","author":"da Silva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0006445","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006445","article-title":"Morphophysiological changes in the splenic extracellular matrix of Leishmania infantum-naturally infected dogs is associated with alterations in lymphoid niches and the CD4+ T cell frequency in spleens","volume":"12","author":"da Silva","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/59.4.473","article-title":"Hyaline Degeneration of Splenic Follicular Arteries in Infectious Mononucleosis: Histochemical and Electron Microscopic Studie","volume":"59","author":"Daneshbod","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1179\/136485905X51319","article-title":"Murine extramedullary erythropoiesis induced by tick infestation","volume":"99","author":"Dash","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.08.024","article-title":"Apoptosis in T lymphocytes from spleen tissue and peripheral blood of L. (L.) chagasi naturally infected dogs","volume":"184","author":"de Lima","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2012.00201","article-title":"Stromal cells of the mouse spleen","volume":"3","author":"den Haann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00085","article-title":"Babesia microti infection changes host spleen architecture and is cleared by a Th1 immune response","volume":"9","author":"Djokic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/483854","article-title":"The Effect of Babesia divergensInfection on the Spleen of Mongolian Gerbils","volume":"2014","author":"Dkhil","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioMed. Res. Int."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-491","article-title":"A case of conventional treatment failure in visceral leishmaniasis: leukocyte distribution and cytokine expression in splenic compartments","volume":"4","author":"Dos-Santos","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200425442","article-title":"Contribution of stromal cells to the migration, function and retention of plasma cells in human spleen: potential roles of CXCL12, IL-6 and CD54","volume":"35","author":"Ellyard","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80059-8","article-title":"CCR7 coordinates the primary immune response by establishing functional microenvironments in secondary lymphoid organs","volume":"99","author":"F\u00f6rster","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(92)90171-3","article-title":"The pathobiology of HIV infection","volume":"13","author":"Fox","year":"1992","journal-title":"Immunol. Tod."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.17.1.399","article-title":"Development and maturation of secondary lymphoid tissues","volume":"17","author":"Fu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3602","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00333-12","article-title":"Infection with Toxoplasma gondii alters lymphotoxin expression associated with changes in splenic architecture","volume":"80","author":"Glatman Zaretsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0260","article-title":"Elevation of serum B-cell activating factor levels during visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"91","author":"Goto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-43-68","article-title":"Assessment of T-dependent and T-independent immune responses in cattle using a B cell ELISPOT assay","volume":"3","author":"Grant","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.189.3.451","article-title":"Mice lacking expression of secondary lymphoid organ chemokine have defects in lymphocyte homing and dendritic cell localization","volume":"189","author":"Gunn","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s100240010145","article-title":"Asplenic-hyposplenic overwhelming sepsis: postsplenectomy sepsis revisited","volume":"4","author":"Hansen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatr. Dev. Pathol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.1.45","article-title":"A coordinated change in chemokine responsiveness guides plasma cell movements","volume":"194","author":"Hargreaves","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)10178-2","article-title":"Leishmaniasis","volume":"354","author":"Herwaldt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"083","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-970335","article-title":"Extrapulmonary Sarcoidosis","volume":"28","author":"Judson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588402100114","article-title":"Pathology","volume":"21","author":"Keenan","year":"1984","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12005","article-title":"Splenocyte apoptosis in Plasmodium berghei ANKAinfection: possible role of TNF-\u03b1 and TGF-\u03b2","volume":"35","author":"Keswani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.04298-14","article-title":"Systematic review of biomarkers to monitor therapeutic response in leishmaniasis","volume":"59","author":"Kip","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B48","first-page":"213","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus with multiple calcified fibrous nodules of the spleen","volume":"35","author":"Kitamura","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Pathol. Jpn."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7696(08)62453-5","article-title":"Cells in the marginal zone of the spleen","volume":"132","author":"Kraal","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Cytol."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6390","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.10.6390-6398.2005","article-title":"Massive destruction of malaria-parasitized red blood cells despite spleen closure","volume":"73","author":"Krucken","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2005.07.044","article-title":"Evaluation of severe infection and survival after splenectomy","volume":"119","author":"Kyaw","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"B52","first-page":"273","article-title":"Pathologic diagnosis of spontaneous splenic rupture in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Pathol."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e87742","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087742","article-title":"Severe clinical presentation of visceral leishmaniasis in naturally infected dogs with disruption of the splenic white pulp","volume":"9","author":"Lima","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2005.04.009","article-title":"Marginal zone B cells in lymphocyte activation and regulation","volume":"17","author":"Lopes-Carvalho","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Immunol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.12.040194.001001","article-title":"Germinal centers","volume":"12","author":"MacLennan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1669","article-title":"Structure and function of the spleen","volume":"5","author":"Mebius","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"B57","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Casos confirmados de Leishmaniose Visceral. Brasil, Grandes Regi\u00f5es e Unidades Federadas. 1990 a 2009. Boletim epidemiol\u00f3gico","author":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade do Brasil","year":"2010"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.2174\/1871529X10909040240","article-title":"Complications of infective endocarditis","volume":"9","author":"Mocchegiani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Hematol. Disord Drug Targets"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.56.7.481","article-title":"Pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"56","author":"Mok","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"B60","first-page":"547","article-title":"Response of the murine lymphoid system to a chronic infection with Trypanosoma congolense. I. The spleen","volume":"45","author":"Morrison","year":"","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"B61","first-page":"182","article-title":"The pathogenesis of experimentally induced Trypanosoma brucei infection in the dog. II. Change in the lymphoid organs","volume":"102","author":"Morrison","year":"","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2616","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401905","article-title":"CXCL13 responsiveness but not CXCR5 expression by late transitional B cells initiates splenic white pulp formation","volume":"194","author":"Neely","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-736X2009000200008","article-title":"An\u00e1lise imuno-histoqu\u00edmica de c\u00e3es naturalmente infectados pelo parvov\u00edrus canino","volume":"29","author":"Oliveira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pesq. Vet. Bras."},{"key":"B64","first-page":"88","article-title":"Splenomegaly in 2,505 patients at a large university medical center from 1913 to 1995. 1963 to 1995: 449 patients","volume":"169","author":"O'Reilly","year":"1998","journal-title":"West. J. Med."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.401","article-title":"Morphometric study of the spleen in chronic Chagas' disease","volume":"66","author":"Pereira","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2008.10.001","article-title":"Splenomegaly: investigation, diagnosis and management","volume":"23","author":"Pozo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood Rev."},{"key":"B67","first-page":"285","article-title":"Splenectomy in kala-azar","volume":"36","author":"Rees","year":"1984","journal-title":"Trop. Geogr. Med."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2008.01051.x","article-title":"Inflammation and structural changes of splenic lymphoid tissue in visceral leishmaniasis: a study on naturally infected dogs","volume":"30","author":"Santana","year":"2008","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2016.08.007","article-title":"A minimally invasive approach to spleen histopathology in dogs: a new method for follow-up studies of spleen changes in the course of Leishmania infantum infection","volume":"48","author":"Santos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2010.01249.x","article-title":"Dynamics of bovine spleen cell populations during the acute response to Babesia bovis infection: an immunohistological study","volume":"33","author":"Schneider","year":"2010","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.1.650","article-title":"Lymphoid chemokine B cell-attracting chemokine-1 (CXCL13) is expressed in germinal center of ectopic lymphoid follicles within the synovium of chronic arthritis patients","volume":"166","author":"Shi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29103","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029103","article-title":"Low CXCL13 expression, splenic lymphoid tissue atrophy and germinal center disruption in severe canine visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"7","author":"Silva","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0156733","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0156733","article-title":"Disruption of splenic lymphoid tissue and plasmacytosis in canine visceral leishmaniasis: changes in homing and survival of plasma cells","volume":"11","author":"Silva-O'Hare","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3813","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.8.3813","article-title":"Destruction of follicular dendritic cells during chronic visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"158","author":"Smelt","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-736X2009000200010","article-title":"Achados patol\u00f3gicos e imuno-histoqu\u00edmicos em c\u00e3es infectados naturalmente pelo v\u00edrus da cinomose canina","volume":"29","author":"Sonne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pesq. Vet. Bras."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-57088-9","article-title":"Microanatomy and function of the spleen","author":"Steiniger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Adv. Anat. Embryol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2012.07.034","article-title":"Splenic morphological changes are accompanied by altered baseline immunity in a mouse model of sickle-cell disease","volume":"181","author":"Szczepanek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2011.09.001","article-title":"Staying alive: regulation of plasma cell survival","volume":"32","author":"Tangye","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.4322\/rbpv.01801005","article-title":"Parasitological, immunohistochemical and histopathological study for Leishmania chagasi detection in spleenic tissues of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"18","author":"Tasca","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1990.tb00719.x","article-title":"Granulomatous inflammation of the spleen in infectious mononucleosis","volume":"17","author":"Thomas","year":"1990","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(97)80276-0","article-title":"Value of the measurement of portal flow velocity in the differential diagnosis of asymptomatic splenomegaly","volume":"52","author":"Tincani","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin. Radiol."},{"key":"B82","first-page":"942","article-title":"Exploiting the potential of vector control for disease prevention","volume":"83","author":"Townson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.05.014","article-title":"Requirement for lymphoid tissue-inducer cells in isolated follicle formation and T cell-independent immunoglobulin A generation in the gut","volume":"29","author":"Tsuji","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.4.1986-1994.2005","article-title":"Fatal Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Causes Specific Patterns of Splenic Architectural Disorganization","volume":"73","author":"Urban","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B85","first-page":"505","article-title":"Visceral spreading depletion of thymus-dependent regions and amyloidosis in mice and hamsters infected intradermally with Leishmania isolated from Sudanese cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"64","author":"Veress","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br. J. Exp. Pathol."},{"key":"B86","first-page":"605","article-title":"Morphology of the spleen and lymph nodes in fatal visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"33","author":"Veress","year":"1977","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2008.12.028","article-title":"Splenic infarction and abscess complicating infective endocarditis","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0988-x","article-title":"The formation of egg granulomas in the spleens of mice with late Schistosoma japonicum infection alters splenic morphology","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Paras. Vect."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18984","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R115.643973","article-title":"Nramp1 and Other Transporters Involved in Metal Withholding during Infection","volume":"290","author":"Wessling-Resnick","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8553(05)70262-4","article-title":"Visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"25","author":"Wilson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2011.08.012","article-title":"Spontaneous splenic rupture resulted from infectious mononucleosis","volume":"3","author":"Won","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg. Case Reports"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.16250\/j.32.1374.2017127","article-title":"[Observation on destroyed architecture of splenic lymphoid follicles in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicumby immunohistochemistry]","volume":"29","author":"Yan-Juan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00394\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T01:10:52Z","timestamp":1694049052000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00394\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]]},"references-count":92,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00394"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00394","relation":{},"ISSN":["2235-2988"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2235-2988","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]]},"article-number":"394"}}