{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:16:53Z","timestamp":1791937013733,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]],"date-time":"2020-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003663","name":"Small and Medium Business Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.571515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]],"date-time":"2020-11-16T08:25:31Z","timestamp":1605515131000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Prediction of Chronic Periodontitis Severity Using Machine Learning Models Based On Salivary Bacterial Copy Number"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Eun-Hye","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seunghoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun-Joo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyoung-oh","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaewoong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinho","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Young","family":"Joo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yerang","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihoon","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ae Kyung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ju-Youn","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Semin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2012.03857.x","article-title":"Identifying a healthy oral microbiome through metagenomics","volume":"18","author":"Alcaraz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/259074","article-title":"Relationship between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis: review of the literature","volume":"2015","author":"Ara\u00fajo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.1999.4.1.1","article-title":"Development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions","volume":"4","author":"Armitage","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann. Periodontol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3121","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2010.764","article-title":"The balanced accuracy and its posterior distribution","volume-title":"2010 20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition","author":"Brodersen","year":"2010"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2016.08.004","article-title":"Identification of informative genes and pathways using an improved penalized support vector machine with a weighting scheme","volume":"77","author":"Chan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput. Biol. Med."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3130607","article-title":"Composition analysis and feature selection of the oral microbiota associated with periodontal disease","volume":"2018","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"BioMed. Res. Int."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2002.73.4.360","article-title":"Subgingival microbiota of Brazilian subjects with untreated chronic periodontitis","volume":"73","author":"Colombo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2014.1005","article-title":"Emerging horizons of salivary diagnostics for periodontal disease","volume":"217","author":"Fuentes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. Dent. J."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(03)00177-X","article-title":"The diagnostic odds ratio: a single indicator of test performance","volume":"56","author":"Glas","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.21873\/cgp.20063","article-title":"Applications of Support Vector Machine (SVM) Learning in Cancer Genomics","volume":"15","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Genomics Proteomics"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-008-0787-6","article-title":"Periodontal disease and coronary heart disease incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Humphrey","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Gen. Internal Med."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1109\/MCSE.2007.55","article-title":"Matplotlib: A 2D graphics environment","volume":"9","author":"Hunter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Computing Sci. Eng."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2016.865","article-title":"The oral microbiome - an update for oral healthcare professionals","volume":"221","author":"Kilian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. Dent. J."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0200900","article-title":"Grading system for periodontitis by analyzing levels of periodontal pathogens in saliva","volume":"13","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034511399908","article-title":"Saliva\/pathogen biomarker signatures and periodontal disease progression","volume":"90","author":"Kinney","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Dental Res."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2446","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02560-06","article-title":"Population-based study of salivary carriage of periodontal pathogens in adults","volume":"45","author":"K\u00f6n\u00f6nen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12103","article-title":"Personalized medicine: an update of salivary biomarkers for periodontal diseases","volume":"70","author":"Korte","year":"2016","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2014.11.005","article-title":"Machine learning applications in cancer prognosis and prediction","volume":"13","author":"Kourou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v028.i05","article-title":"Building predictive models in R using the caret package","volume":"28","author":"Kuhn","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2012.01.087","article-title":"SVM-T-RFE: a novel gene selection algorithm for identifying metastasis-related genes in colorectal cancer using gene expression profiles","volume":"419","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1967.38.6.610","article-title":"The Gingival Index, the Plaque Index and the Retention Index Systems","volume":"38","author":"Loe","year":"1967","journal-title":"J. Periodontol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00216","article-title":"Identification of Salivary Microbiota and Its Association With Host Inflammatory Mediators in Periodontitis","volume":"9","author":"Lundmark","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect Microbiol."},{"key":"B23","first-page":"2579","article-title":"Visualizing data using t-SNE","volume":"9","author":"Maaten","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.25080\/Majora-92bf1922-00a","article-title":"Data structures for statistical computing in python","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 9th Python in Science Conference","author":"McKinney","year":"2010"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12353","article-title":"Salivary pathogen and serum antibody to assess the progression of chronic periodontitis: a 24-mo prospective multicenter cohort study","volume":"51","author":"Morozumi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Periodontal Res."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1206-1565","article-title":"What is a support vector machine","volume":"24","author":"Noble","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1972.43.1.38","article-title":"The plaque control record","volume":"43","author":"O\u2019Leary","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Periodontol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01824-08","article-title":"Detection of multiple pathogenic species in saliva is associated with periodontal infection in adults","volume":"47","author":"Paju","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9092945","article-title":"Microbial Analysis of Saliva to Identify Oral Diseases Using a Point-of-Care Compatible qPCR Assay","volume":"9","author":"Paque","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"B30","first-page":"2825","article-title":"Scikit-learn: Machine learning in Python","volume":"12","author":"Pedregosa","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1984.55.9.499","article-title":"Molar and nonmolar teeth compared over 6 1\/2 years following two methods of periodontal therapy","volume":"55","author":"Pihlstrom","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67728-8","article-title":"Periodontal diseases","volume":"366","author":"Pihlstrom","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2342-y","article-title":"Periodontitis and diabetes: a two-way relationship","volume":"55","author":"Preshaw","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3380","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01007-08","article-title":"Disease severity associated with presence in subgingival plaque of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Tannerella forsythia, singly or in combination, as detected by nested multiplex PCR","volume":"46","author":"Ready","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12226","article-title":"Role of periodontal therapy in management of common complex systemic diseases and conditions: An update","volume":"78","author":"Sabharwal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2015.00069","article-title":"Quantitative PCR analysis of salivary pathogen burden in periodontitis","volume":"5","author":"Salminen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02419.x","article-title":"Microbial complexes in subgingival plaque","volume":"25","author":"Socransky","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2005.00107.x","article-title":"Periodontal microbial ecology","volume":"38","author":"Socransky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.03534-14","article-title":"High-resolution taxonomic profiling of the subgingival microbiome for biomarker discovery and periodontitis diagnosis","volume":"81","author":"Szafranski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12010","article-title":"Lessons learned and unlearned in periodontal microbiology","volume":"62","author":"Teles","year":"2013","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S159","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.18-0006","article-title":"Staging and grading of periodontitis: Framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition","volume":"89","author":"Tonetti","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-020-0772-5","article-title":"SciPy 1.0\u2013Fundamental Algorithms for Scientific Computing in Python","volume":"17","author":"Virtanen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-516X.149217","article-title":"Relationship between periodontal diseases and preterm birth: Recent epidemiological and biological data","volume":"5","author":"Walia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Basic Med. Res."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/srep01843","article-title":"Metagenomic sequencing reveals microbiota and its functional potential associated with periodontal disease","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2017.10.004","article-title":"Salivary biomarker combination prediction model for the diagnosis of periodontitis in a Taiwanese population","volume":"117","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Formosan Med. Assoc."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2020.571515\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]],"date-time":"2020-11-16T08:25:35Z","timestamp":1605515135000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2020.571515\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcimb.2020.571515"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2020.571515","relation":{},"ISSN":["2235-2988"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2235-2988","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]]},"article-number":"571515"}}