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Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Previously, our laboratory established the role of small, noncoding RNA species<jats:italic>, i.e.<\/jats:italic>, microRNA (miRNA) including miR-135a in anti-chlamydial immunity in infected hosts. We report here chlamydial infection results in decreased miR-135a expression in mouse genital tissue and a fibroblast cell line. Several chemokine and chemokine receptor genes (including CXCL10, CCR5) associated with chlamydial pathogenesis were identified<jats:italic>in silico<\/jats:italic>to contain putative miR-135a binding sequence(s) in the 3\u2019 untranslated region. The role of miR-135a in the host immune response was investigated using exogenous miR-135a mimic to restore the immune phenotype associated with decreased miR-135a following<jats:italic>Chlamydia muridarum<\/jats:italic>(Cm) infection. We observed miR-135a regulation of Cm-primed bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDC)<jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>activation of Cm-immune CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells for clonal expansion and CCR5 expression. Using a transwell cell migration assay, we explore the role of miR-135a in regulation of genital tract CXCL10 expression and recruitment of CXCR3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells<jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>the CXCL10\/CXCR3 axis. Collectively, data reported here support miR-135a affecting multiple cellular processes in response to chlamydial infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.638058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]],"date-time":"2021-04-13T06:34:06Z","timestamp":1618295646000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Modulation of Immune Response to Chlamydia muridarum by Host miR-135a"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jonathon","family":"Keck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James P.","family":"Chambers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jieh-Juen","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingguo","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lane K.","family":"Christenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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