{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T13:44:57Z","timestamp":1782481497814,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]],"date-time":"2021-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010035","name":"Outstanding Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010035","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The current methods of treating toxoplasmosis have a number of side effects, and these therapies are only effective against the acute stage of the disease. Thus, development of new low toxicity and efficient anti-<jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic> drugs is extremely important. Natural products are important sources for screening new drugs; among them, essential oils (EOs) have efficacy in anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-insect, and other aspects. In this study, 16 EOs were screened for their anti-<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> activity. <jats:italic>Lavandula angustifolia<\/jats:italic> essential oil (<jats:italic>La<\/jats:italic> EO)was found to have an anti-parasitic effect on <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>. The cytotoxicity of <jats:italic>La<\/jats:italic> EO was firstly evaluated using the MTT assay on human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells, and then the anti-<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> activity was evaluated by plaque assay.\u00a0Finally, the invasion experiment and electron microscope observation were used to study the mechanism of <jats:italic>La<\/jats:italic> EO in anti-toxoplasma activity. The results indicated that the CC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of <jats:italic>La<\/jats:italic> EO was 4.48 mg\/ml and that <jats:italic>La<\/jats:italic> EO had activity against <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> and the inhibition was in a dose-dependent manner under safe concentrations. <jats:italic>La<\/jats:italic> EO was able to reduce <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> invasion, which may be due to its detrimental effect on changes of the morphology of tachyzoites. These findings indicated that <jats:italic>La<\/jats:italic> EO could be a potential drug for treating toxoplasmosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.755715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]],"date-time":"2021-09-29T11:07:21Z","timestamp":1632913641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["In Vitro Evaluation of Lavandula angustifolia Essential Oil on Anti-Toxoplasma Activity"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Na","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Kang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhao-Feng","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Jun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-Ping","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si-Yang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01442-18","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01442-18","article-title":"Effects of PERK Eif2\u03b1 Kinase Inhibitor Against Toxoplasma Gondii","volume":"62","author":"Augusto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. 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