{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T18:41:31Z","timestamp":1792262491492,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":238,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004337","name":"St. George's, University of London","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004337","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    species are the leading cause of invasive fungal infections worldwide and are associated with acute mortality rates of ~50%. Mortality rates are further augmented in the context of host immunosuppression and infection with drug-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    species. In this review, we outline antifungal drugs already in clinical use for invasive candidiasis and candidaemia, their targets and mechanisms of resistance in clinically relevant\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    species, encompassing not only classical resistance, but also heteroresistance and tolerance. We describe novel antifungal agents and targets in pre-clinical and clinical development, including their spectrum of activity, antifungal target, clinical trial data and potential in treatment of drug-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Lastly, we discuss the use of combination therapy between conventional and repurposed agents as a potential strategy to combat the threat of emerging resistance in\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.759408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T09:23:23Z","timestamp":1639473803000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Drug Resistance and Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Invasive Candidiasis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tihana","family":"Bicanic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6020066","article-title":"Encochleated Amphotericin B: Is the Oral Availability of Amphotericin B Finally Reached","volume":"6","author":"Aigner","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Fungi"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz136","article-title":"Diagnostic Performance of T2Candida Among ICU Patients With Risk Factors for Invasive Candidiasis","volume":"6","author":"Arendrup","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01225-18","article-title":"APX001A In Vitro Activity Against Contemporary Blood Isolates and Candida Auris Determined by the EUCAST Reference Method","volume":"62","author":"Arendrup","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E246","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2012.03880.x","article-title":"EUCAST Technical Note on the EUCAST Definitive Document EDef 7.2: Method for the Determination of Broth Dilution Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of Antifungal Agents for Yeasts EDef 7.2 (EUCAST-AFST)","volume":"18","author":"Arendrup","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00429-20","article-title":"Manogepix (APX001A) Displays Potent In Vitro Activity Against Human Pathogenic Yeast, But With an Unexpected Correlation to Fluconazole MICs","volume":"64","author":"Arendrup","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.02.021","article-title":"Multicentre Determination of Rezafungin (CD101) Susceptibility of Candida Species by the EUCAST Method","volume":"24","author":"Arendrup","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000111","article-title":"Echinocandin Resistance: An Emerging Clinical Problem","volume":"27","author":"Arendrup","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.06369-11","article-title":"Differential in Vivo Activities of Anidulafungin, Caspofungin, and Micafungin Against Candida Glabrata Isolates With and Without FKS Resistance Mutations","volume":"56","author":"Arendrup","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1080\/13543784.2020.1791820","article-title":"Oral Ibrexafungerp: An Investigational Agent for the Treatment of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis","volume":"29","author":"Azie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Invest Drugs"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5344","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.9.5344-5354.2003","article-title":"Calcineurin Is Essential for Virulence in Candida Albicans","volume":"71","author":"Bader","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4366","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00142-06","article-title":"Role of Calcineurin in Stress Resistance, Morphogenesis, and Virulence of a Candida Albicans Wild-Type Strain","volume":"74","author":"Bader","year":"2006","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1021\/cb100399x","article-title":"Identification, In Vitro Activity and Mode of Action of Phosphoinositide-Dependent-1 Kinase Inhibitors as Antifungal Molecules","volume":"6","author":"Baxter","year":"2011","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Biol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2302.161486","article-title":"Multidrug-Resistant Candida Haemulonii and C. Auris, Tel Aviv, Israel","volume":"23","author":"Ben-Ami","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerging Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00655-16","article-title":"Heteroresistance to Fluconazole Is a Continuously Distributed Phenotype Among Candida Glabrata Clinical Strains Associated With In Vivo Persistence","volume":"7","author":"Ben-Ami","year":"2016","journal-title":"MBio."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00435-17","article-title":"In Vitro Activity of a Novel Glucan Synthase Inhibitor, SCY-078, Against Clinical Isolates of Candida Auris","volume":"61","author":"Berkow","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2017.10.021","article-title":"Activity of CD101, a Long-Acting Echinocandin, Against Clinical Isolates of Candida Auris","volume":"90","author":"Berkow","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-019-0322-2","article-title":"Drug Resistance and Tolerance in Fungi","volume":"18","author":"Berman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"B18","article-title":"AD and MAD Studies in Healthy Subjects Demonstrate Safety and Pharmacokinetics of MGCD290, an Oral Fungal Hos2 Inhibitor \u00b1 Fluconazole","volume":"1619","author":"Besterman","year":"2012","journal-title":"IDWeek 2012, San Diego, Abstract"},{"key":"B19","volume-title":"\u201cMGCD290, an Oral Fungal Hos2 Inhibitor, Enhances the Antifungal Properties of Fluconazole Following Multiple-Or Single-Dose Oral Administration in Pre-And Post-Infection Settings.\u201d in Abstr ICAAC\/ICC 2015, San Diego, Abstr M-1711","author":"Besterman","year":"2015"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41513-6","article-title":"Gene Duplication Associated With Increased Fluconazole Tolerance in Candida Auris Cells of Advanced Generational Age","volume":"9","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.0c00721","article-title":"Combining Colistin and Fluconazole Synergistically Increases Fungal Membrane Permeability and Antifungal Cidality","volume":"7","author":"Bibi","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Infect. Dis"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.105901","article-title":"Colistin Interacts Synergistically With Echinocandins Against Candida Auris","volume":"55","author":"Bidaud","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"B23","unstructured":"BioPharmaM.\n          \u201cMAT8800 Discovery Program: Matinas BioPharma Holdings, Inc. (MTNB)2014"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00189-16","article-title":"Comparative Pathogenicity of United Kingdom Isolates of the Emerging Pathogen Candida Auris and Other Key Pathogenic Candida Species","volume":"1","author":"Borman","year":"2016","journal-title":"MSphere"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.03.001","article-title":"A Phase 2, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Ranging Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Orally Administered VT-1161 in the Treatment of Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis","volume":"218","author":"Brand","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstetrics Gynecol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2006.12.043","article-title":"Hyphal Orientation of Candida Albicans Is Regulated by a Calcium-Dependent Mechanism","volume":"17","author":"Brand","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky170","article-title":"VT-1598 Inhibits the in Vitro Growth of Mucosal Candida Strains and Protects Against Fluconazole-Susceptible and -Resistant Oral Candidiasis in IL-17 Signalling-Deficient Mice","volume":"73","author":"Break","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx352","article-title":"VT-1161 Protects Mice Against Oropharyngeal Candidiasis Caused by Fluconazole-Susceptible and -Resistant Candida Albicans","volume":"73","author":"Break","year":"2018","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01188-06","article-title":"Oral Versus Intravenous Flucytosine in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis","volume":"51","author":"Brouwer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13575","article-title":"Antifungal Drug Resistance Evoked via RNAi-Dependent Epimutations","volume":"513","author":"Calo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.07.008","article-title":"First Report of Candida Auris in America: Clinical and Microbiological Aspects of 18 Episodes of Candidemia","volume":"73","author":"Calvo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.03333-20","article-title":"Genome-Wide Analysis of Experimentally Evolved Candida Auris Reveals Multiple Novel Mechanisms of Multidrug Resistance","volume":"12","author":"Carolus","year":"2021","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2016.02.009","article-title":"Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of a Global Collection of Fungal Isolates: Results of the SENTRY Antifungal Surveillance Program, (2013)","volume":"85","author":"Castanheira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1007957","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1007957","article-title":"Broad Antifungal Resistance Mediated by RNAi-Dependent Epimutation in the Basal Human Fungal Pathogen Mucor Circinelloides\u201d Edited by A. Chowdhary","volume":"15","author":"Chang","year":"2019","journal-title":"PloS Genet."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-013-2027-1","article-title":"Multidrug-Resistant Endemic Clonal Strain of Candida Auris in India","volume":"33","author":"Chowdhary","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx480","article-title":"A Multicentre Study of Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns Among 350 Candida Auris Isolate","volume":"73","author":"Chowdhary","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1910.130393","article-title":"New Clonal Strain of Candida Auris, Delhi, India","volume":"19","author":"Chowdhary","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerging Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B38","unstructured":"\u201cStudy of Rezafungin Compared to Standard Antimicrobial Regimen for Prevention of Invasive Fungal Diseases in Adults Undergoing Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.Gov2020"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822009000400028","article-title":"Mutants With Heteroresistance to Amphotericin B And Fluconazole in Candida","volume":"40","author":"Claudino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"B40","volume-title":"M38-A_reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Yeasts","year":"2017"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.105.054767","article-title":"A Mutation in Tac1p, a Transcription Factor Regulating CDR1 and CDR2, Is Coupled With Loss of Heterozygosity at Chromosome 5 to Mediate Antifungal Resistance in Candida Albicans","volume":"172","author":"Coste","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2184","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00274-06","article-title":"Genetic Architecture of Hsp90-Dependent Drug Resistance","volume":"5","author":"Cowen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eukaryotic Cell"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1118370","article-title":"Hsp90 Potentiates the Rapid Evolution of New Traits: Drug Resistance in Diverse Fungi","volume":"309","author":"Cowen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2818","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0813394106","article-title":"Harnessing Hsp90 Function as a Powerful, Broadly Effective Therapeutic Strategy for Fungal Infectious Disease","volume":"106","author":"Cowen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00041-08","article-title":"Stress, Drugs, and Evolution: The Role of Cellular Signaling in Fungal Drug Resistance","volume":"7","author":"Cowen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eukaryotic Cell"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/21.4.546","article-title":"Calcineurin Is Essential for Survival During Membrane Stress in Candida Albicans","volume":"21","author":"Cruz","year":"2002","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics11030099","article-title":"The Development of Oral Amphotericin B to Treat Systemic Fungal and Parasitic Infections: Has the Myth Been Finally Realized","volume":"11","author":"Cuddihy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3396","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V128.22.3396.3396","article-title":"Efficacy of CD101, a Novel Echinocandin, in Prevention of Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP): Thwarting the Biphasic Life Cycle of Pneumocystis","volume":"128","author":"Cushion","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-016-0153-1","article-title":"Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Species Isolated From Bloodstream Infections in Konya, Turkey","volume":"15","author":"Dagi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrobials"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1110404","article-title":"Combination Antifungal Therapy for Cryptococcal Meningitis","volume":"368","author":"Day","year":"2013","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.591140","article-title":"Identification and Characterization of Mediators of Fluconazole Tolerance in Candida Albicans","volume":"11","author":"Delarze","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofw172.1335","article-title":"VT-1129 and VT-1161 Have in Vitro Activity Against Candida Isolates From Patients With Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis","volume":"3","author":"Desai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18071414","article-title":"Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors as Anticancer Drugs","volume":"18","author":"Eckschlager","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00058-14","article-title":"Antimicrobial Heteroresistance: An Emerging Field in Need of Clarity","volume":"28","author":"El-Halfawy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1714373","article-title":"A Candida Auris Outbreak and Its Control in an Intensive Care Setting","volume":"379","author":"Eyre","year":"2018","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1086\/431586","article-title":"The Hepatotoxicity of Antifungal Medications in Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients","volume":"41","author":"Fischer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00215-12","article-title":"Gain-Of-Function Mutations in UPC2 Are a Frequent Cause of ERG11 Upregulation in Azole-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Candida Albicans","volume":"11","author":"Flowers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eukaryotic Cell"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.03470-14","article-title":"Contribution of Clinically Derived Mutations in ERG11 to Azole Resistance in Candida Albicans","volume":"59","author":"Flowers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00129-11","article-title":"Stress Alters Rates and Types of Loss of Heterozygosity in Candida Albicans","volume":"2","author":"Forche","year":"2011","journal-title":"MBio."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.00662","article-title":"The Evolution of Drug Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Candida Albicans","author":"Ford","year":"2015","journal-title":"ELife"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1093\/clind\/15.6.1003","article-title":"Evolving Role of Flucytosine in Immunocompromised Patients: New Insights Into Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Anti0066ungal Therapy","volume":"15","author":"Francis","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3690","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00443-09","article-title":"Effect of Candida Glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 Mutations on Echinocandin Sensitivity and Kinetics of 1,3-\u03b2-D-Glucan Synthase: Implication for the Existing Susceptibility Breakpoint","volume":"53","author":"Garcia-Effron","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.702779","article-title":"Critical Assessment of Cell Wall Integrity Factors Contributing to In Vivo Echinocandin Tolerance and Resistance in Candida Glabrata","volume":"12","author":"Garcia-Rubio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01959-21","article-title":"Multifactorial Role of Mitochondria in Echinocandin Tolerance Revealed by Transcriptome Analysis of Drug-Tolerant Cells","volume":"12","author":"Garcia-Rubio","year":"2021","journal-title":"MBio."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5567","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00185-15","article-title":"Efficacy of the Clinical Agent VT-1161 Against Fluconazole-Sensitive and -Resistant Candida Albicans in a Murine Model of Vaginal Candidiasis","volume":"59","author":"Garvey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6010028","article-title":"Aspiring Antifungals: Review of Current Antifungal Pipeline Developments","volume":"6","author":"Gintjee","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Fungi"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00520","article-title":"Candida Albicans Heat Shock Proteins and Hsps-Associated Signaling Pathways as Potential Antifungal Targets","volume":"7","author":"Gong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect Microbiol."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-5521(02)00092-3","article-title":"Deacetylase Enzymes: Biological Functions and the Use of Small-Molecule Inhibitors","volume":"9","author":"Grozinger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chem. Biol."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02319-17","article-title":"In Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation of the Antifungal Activity of APX001A\/APX001 Against Candida Auris","volume":"62","author":"Hager","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-013-0069-4","article-title":"Amphotericin B Formulations: A Comparative Review of Efficacy and Toxicity","volume":"73","author":"Hamill","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4543","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00366-11","article-title":"Efficacy of Oral E1210, a New Broad-Spectrum Antifungal With a Novel Mechanism of Action, in Murine Models of Candidiasis, Aspergillosis, and Fusariosis","volume":"55","author":"Hata","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7983","DOI":"10.1021\/bi952910c","article-title":"Fluorescence Studies on the Molecular Action of Amphotericin B on Susceptible and Resistant Fungal Cells","volume":"35","author":"Haynes","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01427-18","article-title":"Limited ERG11 Mutations Identified in Isolates of Candida Auris Directly Contribute to Reduced Azole Susceptibility","volume":"62","author":"Healey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01995","article-title":"Genetic Drivers of Multidrug Resistance in Candida Glabrata","volume":"7","author":"Healey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints201808.0306.v1","article-title":"Fungal Resistance to Echinocandins and the MDR Phenomenon in Candida Glabrata","volume":"4","author":"Healey","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Fungi"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.08.099","article-title":"A Multicenter, Randomized, Evaluator Blinded, Active-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Oral SCY-078 vs. Oral Fluconazole in 96 Subjects With Moderate to Severe Vulvovaginal Candidiasis","volume":"217","author":"Helou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstetrics Gynecol"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1086\/507547","article-title":"Mycograb for the Treatment of Invasive Candidiasis","volume":"43","author":"Herbrecht","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S534","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofx163.1390","article-title":"Phase 1 Study to Assess Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of Single and Multiple Oral Doses of APX001 and to Investigate the Effect of Food on APX001 Bioavailability","volume":"4","author":"Hodges","year":"2017","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S526","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofx163.1370","article-title":"First-In-Human Study to Assess Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of APX001 Administered by Intravenous Infusion to Healthy Subjects","volume":"4","author":"Hodges","year":"2017","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2014.05.068","article-title":"Design and Optimization of Highly-Selective Fungal CYP51 Inhibitors","volume":"24","author":"Hoekstra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem. Lett."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00089808","article-title":"Mechanisms of Heteroresistance to Isoniazid and Rifampin of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Tashkent, Uzbekistan","volume":"33","author":"Hofmann-Thiel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3680","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00369-06","article-title":"Derivation of an In Vivo Drug Exposure Breakpoint for Flucytosine Against Candida Albicans and Impact of the Mic, Growth Rate, and Resistance Genotype on the Antifungal Effect","volume":"50","author":"Hope","year":"2006","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2019.10.008","article-title":"Antibiotics: Past, Present and Future","volume":"51","author":"Hutchings","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3793","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms10093793","article-title":"Trehalose Metabolism: From Osmoprotection to Signaling","volume":"10","author":"Iturriaga","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3550","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02367-14","article-title":"Echinocandin Failure Case Due to a Previously Unreported Fks1 Mutation in Candida Krusei","volume":"58","author":"Jensen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00833-17","article-title":"De Novo Acquisition of Resistance to SCY-078 in Candida Glabrata Involves FKS Mutations That Both Overlap and Are Distinct From Those Conferring Echinocandin Resistance","volume":"61","author":"Jim\u00e9nez-Ortigosa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.1911.11008","article-title":"Development of Non-Immunosuppressive FK506 Derivatives as Antifungal and Neurotrophic Agents","volume":"30","author":"Jung","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbr.2014.02.004","article-title":"Calcineurin as a Multifunctional Regulator: Unraveling Novel Functions in Fungal Stress Responses, Hyphal Growth, Drug Resistance, and Pathogenesis","volume":"28","author":"Juvvadi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fungal Biol. Rev."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2016.1201250","article-title":"Calcineurin in Fungal Virulence and Drug Resistance: Prospects for Harnessing Targeted Inhibition of Calcineurin for an Antifungal Therapeutic Approach","volume":"8","author":"Juvvadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01387-19","article-title":"Evaluation of Resistance Development to the GWT1 Inhibitor Manogepix (APX001A) in Candida Species","volume":"64","author":"Kapoor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.05037.x","article-title":"CRZ1, a Target of the Calcineurin Pathway in Candida Albicans","volume":"59","author":"Karababa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02529-18","article-title":"Genetic Analysis of Candida Auris Implicates Hsp90 in Morphogenesis and Azole Tolerance and Cdr1 in Azole Resistance","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"MBio."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-783X-16-4-159","article-title":"Pharmacology and Metabolism of Anidulafungin, Caspofungin and Micafungin in the Treatment of Invasive Candidosis - Review of the Literature","volume":"16","author":"Kofla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Res."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7115","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01061-16","article-title":"The Celecoxib Derivative AR-12 Has Broad-Spectrum Antifungal Activity In Vitro and Improves the Activity of Fluconazole in a Murine Model of Cryptococcosis","volume":"60","author":"Koselny","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.5b00134","article-title":"Antitumor\/Antifungal Celecoxib Derivative AR-12 Is a Non-Nucleoside Inhibitor of the ANL-Family Adenylating Enzyme Acetyl CoA Synthetase","volume":"2","author":"Koselny","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02603-17","article-title":"Population Pharmacokinetic Analyses for Rezafungin (CD101) Efficacy Using Phase 1 Data","volume":"62","author":"Lakota","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix597","article-title":"The Candida Auris Alert: Facts and Perspectives","volume":"217","author":"Lamoth","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02396-16","article-title":"The Emerging Pathogen Candida Auris: Growth Phenotype, Virulence Factors, Activity of Antifungals, and Effect of SCY-078, a Novel Glucan Synthesis Inhibitor, on Growth Morphology and Biofilm Formation","volume":"61","author":"Larkin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02611-18","article-title":"A Novel 1,3-Beta-D-Glucan Inhibitor, IbrexafungeRP (Formerly SCY-078), Shows Potent Activity in the Lower PH Environment of Vulvovaginitis","volume":"63","author":"Larkin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00156-18","article-title":"Acylhydrazones as Antifungal Agents Targeting the Synthesis of Fungal Sphingolipids","volume":"62","author":"Lazzarini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01627-18","article-title":"In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of FK506 Analogs as Novel Antifungal Drug Candidates","volume":"62","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00683-11","article-title":"Elevated Cell Wall Chitin in Candida Albicans Confers Echinocandin Resistance In Vivo","volume":"56","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02268-19","article-title":"Penetration of Ibrexafungerp (Formerly SCY-078) at the Site of Infection in an Intra-Abdominal Candidiasis Mouse Model","volume":"64","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a019653","article-title":"Antifungal Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics","volume":"5","author":"Lepak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harbor Perspect. Med."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.04445-14","article-title":"Pharmacodynamic Target Evaluation of a Novel Oral Glucan Synthase Inhibitor, SCY-078 (MK-3118), Using an in Vivo Murine Invasive Candidiasis Model","volume":"59","author":"Lepak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01572-18","article-title":"Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Rezafungin (CD101) Against Candida Auris in the Neutropenic Mouse Invasive Candidiasis Model","volume":"62","author":"Lepak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02154-17","article-title":"Pharmacodynamics of a Long-Acting Echinocandin, CD101, in a Neutropenic Invasive-Candidiasis Murine Model Using an Extended-Interval Dosing Design","volume":"62","author":"Lepak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg117","article-title":"Caspofungin: The First Representative of a New Antifungal Class","volume":"51","author":"Letscher-Bru","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001325","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1001325","article-title":"Bet Hedging in Yeast by Heterogeneous, Age-Correlated Expression of a Stress Protectant","volume":"10","author":"Levy","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS Biol."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00261-20","article-title":"Enhanced Efflux Pump Expression in Candida Mutants Results in Decreased Manogepix Susceptibility","volume":"64","author":"Liston","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90124-H","article-title":"Calcineurin Is a Common Target of Cyclophilin-Cyclosporin A and FKBP-FK506 Complexes","volume":"66","author":"Liu","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2122","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00327-07","article-title":"Genome-Wide Expression and Location Analyses of the Candida Albicans Tac1p Regulon","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eukaryotic Cell"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6100","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00620-16","article-title":"Characterization of In Vitro Resistance Development to the Novel Echinocandin CD101 in Candida Species","volume":"60","author":"Locke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw691","article-title":"Simultaneous Emergence of Multidrug-Resistant Candida Auris on 3 Continents Confirmed by Whole-Genome Sequencing and Epidemiological Analyses","volume":"64","author":"Lockhart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1177\/106002808001400303","article-title":"A Review of Complications of Amphotericin-B Therapy: Recommendations for Prevention and Management","volume":"14","author":"Maddux","year":"1980","journal-title":"Drug Intell. Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S472","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofx163.1209","article-title":"Absorption, Distribution, and Excretion of 14C-APX001 After Single-Dose Administration to Rats and Monkeys","volume":"4","author":"Mansbach","year":"2017","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2932","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.11.2932-2938.2000","article-title":"Fluconazole Plus Cyclosporine: A Fungicidal Combination Effective Against Experimental Due to Candida Albicans","volume":"44","author":"Marchetti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.9.2373-2381.2000","article-title":"Potent Synergism of the Combination of Fluconazole and Cyclosporine in Candida Albicans","volume":"44","author":"Marchetti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.1.52-59.2001","article-title":"Inducible Azole Resistance Associated With a Heterogeneous Phenotype in Candida Albicans","volume":"45","author":"Marr","year":"2001","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01663.x","article-title":"Role of Trehalose in Resistance to Macrophage Killing: Study With a Tps1\/Tps1 Trehalose-Deficient Mutant of Candida Albicans","volume":"13","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Esparza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.07.036","article-title":"Diverse Cellular Functions of the Hsp90 Molecular Chaperone Uncovered Using Systems Approaches","volume":"131","author":"McClellan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7148","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1601774113","article-title":"Structures of Trehalose-6-Phosphate Phosphatase From Pathogenic Fungi Reveal the Mechanisms of Substrate Recognition and Catalysis","volume":"113","author":"Miaoa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ571","article-title":"Isavuconazole: A New Broad-Spectrum Triazole Antifungal Agent","volume":"61","author":"Miceli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01159-07","article-title":"In Vitro and in Vivo Antifungal Activities of T-2307, a Novel Arylamidine","volume":"52","author":"Mitsuyama","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4652","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00291-11","article-title":"In Vitro Activity of E1210, a Novel Antifungal, Against Clinically Important Yeasts and Molds","volume":"55","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1710922","article-title":"Antifungal Combinations for Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis in Africa","volume":"378","author":"Molloy","year":"2018","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02114-18","article-title":"Azole Resistance Reduces Susceptibility to the Tetrazole Antifungal VT-1161","volume":"63","author":"Monk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14098","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0702377104","article-title":"Heteroresistance to Penicillin in Streptococcus Pneumoniae","volume":"104","author":"Morand","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00647-15","article-title":"Identification of a New Class of Antifungals Targeting the Synthesis of Fungal Sphingolipids","volume":"6","author":"Mor","year":"2015","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1111\/1567-1364.12204","article-title":"Contribution of the Slt2-Regulated Transcription Factors to Echinocandin Tolerance in Candida Glabrata","volume":"14","author":"Nagayoshi","year":"2014","journal-title":"FEMS Yeast Res."},{"key":"B131","unstructured":"\u201cA Study to Evaluate Oral VT-1161 in the Treatment of Patients With Recurrent Vaginal Candidiasis (Yeast Infection)2014"},{"key":"B132","unstructured":"\u201cAn Active-Controlled, Dose-Finding Study of SCY-078 vs. Oral Fluconazole in Subjects With Acute Vulvovaginal Candidiasis2017"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2020.621366","article-title":"Targeting Unconventional Pathways in Pursuit of Novel Antifungals","volume":"7","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx020","article-title":"In Vitro and in Vivo Antifungal Activities of T-2307, a Novel Arylamidine, Against Cryptococcus Gattii: An Emerging Fungal Pathogen","volume":"72","author":"Nishikawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw095","article-title":"T-2307, a Novel Arylamidine, Is Transported Into Candida Albicans by a High-Affinity Spermine and Spermidine Carrier Regulated by Agp2","volume":"71","author":"Nishikawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq177","article-title":"Uptake of T-2307, a Novel Arylamidine, in Candida Albicans","volume":"65","author":"Nishikawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00341-19","article-title":"In Vitro Activities of the Novel Investigational Tetrazoles Vt-1161 and Vt-1598 Compared to the Triazole Antifungals Against Azole-Resistant Strains and Clinical Isolates of Candida Albicans","volume":"63","author":"Nishimoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.605","article-title":"Systematic Screens of a Candida Albicans Homozygous Deletion Library Decouple Morphogenetic Switching and Pathogenicity","volume":"42","author":"Noble","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.1.196","article-title":"Isolation and Characterization of Fluconazole- and Amphotericin B- Resistant Candida Albicans From Blood of Two Patients With Leukemia","volume":"41","author":"Nolte","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.11.013","article-title":"Heterogeneous Resistance to Vancomycin in Staphylococcus Epidermidis, Staphylococcus Haemolyticus and Staphylococcus Warneri Clinical Strains: Characterisation of Glycopeptide Susceptibility Profiles and Cell Wall Thickening","volume":"27","author":"Nunes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01692-19","article-title":"In Vitro Activity of Ibrexafungerp, a Novel Glucan Synthase Inhibitor Against Candida Glabrata Isolates With FKS Mutations","volume":"63","author":"Nunnally","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02195-19","article-title":"In Vitro Evaluation of Antifungal Drug Combinations Against Multidrug-Resistant Candida Auris Isolates From New York Outbreak","volume":"64","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6872","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00701-16","article-title":"Preclinical Evaluation of the Stability, Safety, and Efficacy of CD101, a Novel Echinocandin","volume":"60","author":"Ong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.3.956-964.2003","article-title":"Ergosterol Biosynthesis Inhibitors Become Fungicidal When Combined With Calcineurin Inhibitors Against Candida Albicans, Candida Glabrata, and Candida Krusei","volume":"47","author":"Onyewu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.033985-0","article-title":"Candida Albicans Sphingolipid C9-Methyltransferase Is Involved in Hyphal Elongation","volume":"156","author":"Oura","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1086\/503428","article-title":"A Randomized, Blinded, Multicenter Trial of Lipid-Associated Amphotericin B Alone Versus in Combination With an Antibody-Based Inhibitor of Heat Shock Protein 90 in Patients With Invasive Candidiasis","volume":"42","author":"Pachl","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ933","article-title":"Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Candidiasis: 2016 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"62","author":"Pappas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.26","article-title":"Invasive Candidiasis","volume":"4","author":"Pappas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.10.005","article-title":"Estimating the Burden of Invasive and Serious Fungal Disease in the United Kingdom","volume":"74","author":"Pegorie","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1086\/649858","article-title":"Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Cryptococcal Disease: 2010 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"50","author":"Perfect","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2020.05.003","article-title":"Emerging Issues in Antifungal Resistance","volume":"34","author":"Perfect","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Clinics North America"},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2016.1195529","article-title":"Trehalose Pathway as an Antifungal Target","volume":"8","author":"Perfect","year":"2017","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S612","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ791","article-title":"Echinocandin Resistance in Candida","volume":"61","author":"Perlin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S79","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofy358","article-title":"Twenty Years of the SENTRY Antifungal Surveillance Program: Results for Candida Species From 1997-2016","volume":"6","author":"Pfaller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2040","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00248-12","article-title":"Wild-Type MIC Distributions and Epidemiological Cutoff Values for Amphotericin B, Flucytosine, and Itraconazole and Candida Spp. As Determined by CLSI Broth Microdilution","volume":"50","author":"Pfaller","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2011.05.001","article-title":"In Vitro Activity of a Novel Broad-Spectrum Antifungal, E1210, Tested Against Candida Spp. As Determined by Clsi Broth Microdilution Method","volume":"71","author":"Pfaller","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3797","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00618-09","article-title":"Activity of MGCD290, a Hos2 Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, in Combination With Azole Antifungals Against Opportunistic Fungal Pathogens","volume":"47","author":"Pfaller","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks466","article-title":"Activity of MK-3118, a New Oral Glucan Synthase Inhibitor, Tested Against Candida Spp. By Two International Methods (CLSI and EUCAST)","volume":"68","author":"Pfaller","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00161-17","article-title":"Differential Activity of the Oral Glucan Synthase Inhibitor SCY-078 Against Wild-Type and Echinocandin-Resistant Strains of Candida Species","volume":"61","author":"Pfaller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2017.03.028","article-title":"CD101, a Long-Acting Echinocandin, and Comparator Antifungal Agents Tested Against a Global Collection of Invasive Fungal Isolates in the SENTRY 2015 Antifungal Surveillance Program","volume":"50","author":"Pfaller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2868","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw214","article-title":"Activity of a Long-Acting Echinocandin, CD101, Determined Using CLSI and EUCAST Reference Methods, Against Candida and Aspergillus Spp., Including Echinocandin- and Azole-Resistant Isolates","volume":"71","author":"Pfaller","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01398-10","article-title":"Geographic Variations in Species Distribution and Echinocandin and Azole Antifungal Resistance Rates Among Candida Bloodstream Infection Isolates: Report From the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, (2008 to 2009)","volume":"49","author":"Pfaller","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2014.11.008","article-title":"In Vitro Activity of a Hos2 Deacetylase Inhibitor, MGCD290, in Combination With Echinocandins Against Echinocandin-Resistant Candida Species","volume":"81","author":"Pfaller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5b00361","article-title":"Pan Assay Interference Compounds (PAINS) and Other Promiscuous Compounds in Antifungal Research","volume":"59","author":"Pouliot","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Med Chem."},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki115","article-title":"Heteroresistance to Carbapenems in Acinetobacter Baumannii","volume":"55","author":"Pournaras","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B166","first-page":"351","article-title":"Candida Efflux ATPases and Antiporters in Clinical Drug Resistance","volume-title":"Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology","author":"Prasad","year":"2016"},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2009.09.002","article-title":"Elucidating the Candida Albicans Calcineurin Signaling Cascade Controlling Stress Response and Virulence","volume":"47","author":"Reedy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fungal Genet. Biol."},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2012.08.035","article-title":"Lysine Deacetylases Hda1 and Rpd3 Regulate Hsp90 Function Thereby Governing Fungal Drug Resistance","volume":"2","author":"Robbins","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00202-07","article-title":"Monoclonal Antibody to Fungal Glucosylceramide Protects Mice Against Lethal Cryptococcus Neoformans Infection","volume":"14","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Vaccine Immunol."},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3412","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.11.3412-3417.2002","article-title":"Evaluation of Differential Gene Expression in Fluconazole-Susceptible and -Resistant Isolates of Candida Albicans by CDNA Microarray Analysis","volume":"46","author":"Rogers","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc-2016-0053","article-title":"Sphingolipids as Targets for Treatment of Fungal Infections","volume":"8","author":"Rollin-Pinheiro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Future Med. Chem."},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04926-x","article-title":"Antifungal Tolerance Is a Subpopulation Effect Distinct From Resistance and Is Associated With Persistent Candidemia","volume":"9","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12781","article-title":"An Outbreak Due to Candida Auris With Prolonged Colonisation and Candidaemia in a Tertiary Care European Hospital","volume":"61","author":"Ruiz-Gait\u00e1n","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-005-0187-3","article-title":"Presence of Glucosylceramide in Yeast and Its Relation to Alkali Tolerance of Yeast","volume":"71","author":"Saito","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01627-16","article-title":"Safety and Pharmacokinetics of CD101 IV, a Novel Echinocandin, in Healthy Adults","volume":"61","author":"Sandison","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03495.x","article-title":"Calcineurin A of Candida Albicans: Involvement in Antifungal Tolerance, Cell Morphogenesis and Virulence","volume":"48","author":"Sanglard","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2356","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.9.2356-2360.2000","article-title":"Efficacy of Oral Cochleate-Amphotericin B in a Mouse Model of Systemic Candidiasis","volume":"44","author":"Santangelo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2012.08210.x","article-title":"The Stepwise Acquisition of Fluconazole Resistance Mutations Causes a Gradual Loss of Fitness in Candida Albicans","volume":"86","author":"Sasse","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-016-0132-5","article-title":"First Hospital Outbreak of the Globally Emerging Candida Auris in a European Hospital","volume":"5","author":"Schelenz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Resist. Infect Control"},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01817-16","article-title":"Fungal CYP51 Inhibitors VT-1161 and VT-1129 Exhibit Strong In Vitro Activity Against Candida Glabrata and C. Krusei Isolates Clinically Resistant to Azole and Echinocandin Antifungal Compounds","volume":"61","author":"Schell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01102-17","article-title":"Antifungal Activity of SCY-078 and Standard Antifungal Agents Against 178 Clinical Isolates of Resistant and Susceptible Candida Species","volume":"61","author":"Schell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2017.08.017","article-title":"Candida Auris: An Emerging Multidrug-Resistant Pathogen","volume":"63","author":"Sears","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.10173","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution After Intravenous Administration of a Single Dose of Amphotericin B Cochleates, a New Lipid-Based Delivery System","volume":"91","author":"Segarra","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000705","article-title":"Acquisition of Aneuploidy Provides Increased Fitness During the Evolution of Antifungal Drug Resistance\u201d Edited by H. D. Madhani","volume":"5","author":"Selmecki","year":"2009","journal-title":"PloS Genet."},{"key":"B185","article-title":"Aneuploidy and Isochromosome Formation in Drug-Resistant Candida Albicans","volume-title":"Science","author":"Selmecki","year":"2006"},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2016.07.003","article-title":"Whole Genome Sequencing of Emerging Multidrug Resistant Candida Auris Isolates in India Demonstrates Low Genetic Variation","volume":"13","author":"Sharma","year":"2016","journal-title":"New Microbes New Infect."},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1080\/03639045.2019.1583757","article-title":"Nanostructured Cochleates: A Multi-Layered Platform for Cellular Transportation of Therapeutics","volume":"45","author":"Shende","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm."},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2302.161320","article-title":"Biofilm-Forming Capability of Highly Virulent, Multidrug-Resistant Candida Auris","volume":"23","author":"Sherry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerging Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5892","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05954-11","article-title":"T-2307 Causes Collapse of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in Yeast","volume":"56","author":"Shibata","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004668","article-title":"Coping With Stress and the Emergence of Multidrug Resistance in Fungi\u201d Edited by J. Heitman","volume":"11","author":"Shor","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS Pathog."},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002718","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002718","article-title":"Global Analysis of the Evolution and Mechanism of Echinocandin Resistance in Candida Glabrata","volume":"8","author":"Singh-Babak","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS Pathog."},{"key":"B192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000532","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000532","article-title":"Hsp90 Governs Echinocandin Resistance in the Pathogenic Yeast Candida Albicans via Calcineurin\u201d Edited by A. P. Mitchell","volume":"5","author":"Singh","year":"2009","journal-title":"PloS Pathog."},{"key":"B193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000848","article-title":"Cryptococcus Neoformans Overcomes Stress of Azole Drugs by Formation of Disomy in Specific Multiple Chromosomes","volume":"6","author":"Sionov","year":"2010","journal-title":"PloS Pathog."},{"key":"B194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3532","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.11.3532-3539.2002","article-title":"Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Enhance Candida Albicans Sensitivity to Azoles and Related Antifungals: Correlation With Reduction in CDR and ERG Upregulation","volume":"46","author":"Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3056","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz277","article-title":"MSG-10: A Phase 2 Study of Oral Ibrexafungerp (SCY-078) Following Initial Echinocandin Therapy in Non-Neutropenic Patients With Invasive Candidiasis","volume":"74","author":"Spec","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI124516","article-title":"Dynamic Ploidy Changes Drive Fluconazole Resistance in Human Cryptococcal Meningitis","volume":"129","author":"Stone","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00038-14","article-title":"Calcineurin-Crz1 Signaling in Lower Eukaryotes","volume":"13","author":"Thewes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eukaryotic Cell"},{"key":"B198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1380","article-title":"Rezafungin Versus Caspofungin in a Phase 2, Randomized, Double-Blind Study for the Treatment of Candidemia and Invasive Candidiasis: The STRIVE Trial","author":"Thompson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"B199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6808a1","article-title":"Population-Based Active Surveillance for Culture-Confirmed Candidemia \u2014 Four Sites, United State","volume":"68","author":"Toda","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWR Surveillance Summaries"},{"key":"B200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03481.x","article-title":"Medicinal Genetics Approach Towards Identifying the Molecular Target of a Novel Inhibitor of Fungal Cell Wall Assembly","volume":"48","author":"Tsukahara","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"B201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-61-2-334","article-title":"Amphotericin B Toxicity","volume":"61","author":"UTZ","year":"1964","journal-title":"Ann. Internal Med."},{"key":"B202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.14121","article-title":"Investigation of the First Seven Reported Cases of Candida Auris, a Globally Emerging Invasive, Multidrug-Resistant Fungus\u2014United States, May 2013\u2013August 2016","volume":"17","author":"Vallabhaneni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Transplant."},{"key":"B203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199707033370103","article-title":"Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis Associated With the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","volume":"337","author":"Van Der Horst","year":"1997","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1772","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.4.1772-1782.2002","article-title":"Disruption of the Candida Albicans TPS2 Gene Encoding Trehalose-6-Phosphate Phosphatase Decreases Infectivity Without Affecting Hypha Formation","volume":"70","author":"Van Dijck","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2303","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00153-10","article-title":"Heteroresistance of Cryptococcus Gattii to Fluconazole","volume":"54","author":"Varma","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01486-12","article-title":"Elevated Chitin Content Reduces the Susceptibility of Candida Species to Caspofungin","volume":"57","author":"Walker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7121","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.03707-14","article-title":"The Clinical Candidate VT-1161 Is a Highly Potent Inhibitor of Candida Albicans CYP51 But Fails to Bind the Human Enzyme","volume":"58","author":"Warrilow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4530","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00349-16","article-title":"The Investigational Drug VT-1129 Is a Highly Potent Inhibitor of Cryptococcus Species CYP51 But Only Weakly Inhibits the Human Enzyme","volume":"60","author":"Warrilow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00731-11","article-title":"E1210, a New Broad-Spectrum Antifungal, Suppresses Candida Albicans Hyphal Growth Through Inhibition of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Biosynthesis","volume":"56","author":"Watanabe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.7.1482","article-title":"Increased MRNA Levels of ERG16, CDR, and MDR1 Correlate, With Increases in Azole Resistance in Candida Albicans Isolates From a Patient Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus","volume":"41","author":"White","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-08248-w","article-title":"Structural Basis for Species-Selective Targeting of Hsp90 in a Pathogenic Fungus","volume":"10","author":"Whitesell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02233-18","article-title":"The Fungal Cyp51-Specific Inhibitor VT-1598 Demonstrates In Vitro and In Vivo Activity Against Candida Auris","volume":"63","author":"Wiederhold","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkv398","article-title":"The Novel Arylamidine T-2307 Demonstrates in Vitro and in Vivo Activity Against Echinocandin-Resistant Candida Glabrata","volume":"71","author":"Wiederhold","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.04228-14","article-title":"The Novel Arylamidine T-2307 Maintains in Vitro and in Vivo Activity Against Echinocandin-Resistant Candida Albicans","volume":"59","author":"Wiederhold","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.03944-14","article-title":"The Investigational Agent E1210 Is Effective in Treatment of Experimental Invasive Candidiasis Caused by Resistant Candida Albicans","volume":"59","author":"Wiederhold","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02198-19","article-title":"The Novel Arylamidine T-2307 Demonstrates in Vitro and in Vivo Activity Against Candida Auris","volume":"64","author":"Wiederhold","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx422","article-title":"Oral Glucan Synthase Inhibitor SCY-078 Is Effective in an Experimental Murine Model of Invasive Candidiasis Caused by WT and Echinocandin-Resistant Candida Glabrata","volume":"73","author":"Wiederhold","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.1146","article-title":"Lack of Impact by SCY-078, a First-In-Class Oral Fungicidal Glucan Synthase Inhibitor, on the Pharmacokinetics of Rosiglitazone, a Substrate for CYP450 2c8, Supports the Low Risk for Clinically Relevant Metabolic Drug-Drug Interactions","volume":"58","author":"Wring","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02068-16","article-title":"Preclinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamic Target of SCY-078, a First-In-Class Orally Active Antifungal Glucan Synthesis Inhibitor, in Murine Models of Disseminated Candidiasis","volume":"61","author":"Wring","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3630","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00355-10","article-title":"T-2307 Shows Efficacy in a Murine Model of Candida Glabrata Infection Despite In Vitro Trailing Growth Phenomena","volume":"54","author":"Yamada","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00374-19","article-title":"The Novel Arylamidine T-2307 Selectively Disrupts Yeast Mitochondrial Function by Inhibiting Respiratory Chain Complexes","volume":"63","author":"Yamashita","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5026","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00516-13","article-title":"Chromosome 5 Monosomy of Candida Albicans Controls Susceptibility to Various Toxic Agents, Including Major Antifungals","volume":"57","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msz104","article-title":"Aneuploidy Enables Cross-Adaptation to Unrelated Drugs","volume":"36","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"B224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00071-17","article-title":"Tolerance to Caspofungin in Candida Albicans Is Associated With at Least Three Distinctive Mechanisms That Govern Expression of FKS Genes and Cell Wall Remodeling","volume":"61","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2017.06.037","article-title":"Design and Optimization of Highly-Selective, Broad Spectrum Fungal CYP51 Inhibitors","volume":"27","author":"Yates","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem. Lett."},{"key":"B226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/mSystems.00257-19","article-title":"Multi-Omics Signature of Candida Auris , an Emerging and Multidrug-Resistant Pathogen","volume":"4","author":"Zamith-Miranda","year":"2019","journal-title":"MSystems"},{"key":"B227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1086\/496922","article-title":"The Epidemiology and Attributable Outcomes of Candidemia in Adults and Children Hospitalized in the United States: A Propensity Analysis","volume":"41","author":"Zaoutis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3809","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.15.3809-3815.1998","article-title":"Disruption of the Candida Albicans TPS1 Gene Encoding Trehalose-6- Phosphate Synthase Impairs Formation of Hyphae and Decreases Infectivity","volume":"180","author":"Zaragoza","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol"},{"key":"B229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.4.1772-1782.2002","article-title":"Disruption in Candida Albicans of the TPS2 Gene Encoding Trehalose-6-Phosphate Phosphatase Affects Cell Integrity and Decreases Infectivity","volume":"148","author":"Zaragoza","year":"2002","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"B230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.6.1463-1469.2000","article-title":"Antifungal Activity of Amphotericin B Cochleates Against Candida Albicans Infection in a Mouse Model","volume":"44","author":"Zarif","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks538","article-title":"Synergy of the Antibiotic Colistin With Echinocandin Antifungals in Candida Species","volume":"68","author":"Zeidler","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq046","article-title":"Polymyxin B, in Combination With Fluconazole, Exerts a Potent Fungicidal Effect","volume":"65","author":"Zhai","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044192","article-title":"Calcineurin Is Required for Pseudohyphal Growth, Virulence, and Drug Resistance in Candida Lusitaniae","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abd6919","article-title":"A Marine Microbiome Antifungal Targets Urgent-Threat Drug-Resistant Fungi","volume":"370","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI145123","article-title":"Turbinmicin Inhibits Candida Biofilm Growth by Disrupting Fungal Vesicle-Mediated Trafficking","volume":"131","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00425-18","article-title":"Significantly Improved Pharmacokinetics Enhances in Vivo Efficacy of APX001 Against Echinocandin-And Multidrug-Resistant Candida Isolates in a Mouse Model of Invasive Candidiasis","volume":"62","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B237","article-title":"In Vivo Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of APX001 Against Candida Spp. in a Neutropenic Disseminated Candidiasis Mouse Model","volume":"62","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01009-17","article-title":"Unraveling Drug Penetration of Echinocandin Antifungals at the Site of Infection in an Intra-Abdominal Abscess Model","volume":"61","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2021.759408\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T09:23:38Z","timestamp":1639473818000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2021.759408\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]]},"references-count":238,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcimb.2021.759408"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2021.759408","relation":{},"ISSN":["2235-2988"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2235-2988","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]]},"article-number":"759408"}}