{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T18:29:14Z","timestamp":1774549754402,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]],"date-time":"2021-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI146065-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI146065-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04469\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04469\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection in women of reproductive age and has been associated with serious health complications, mainly in pregnant women. It is characterized by a decrease in the number of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> species in the healthy vaginal microbiota and an overgrowth of strict and facultative anaerobic bacteria that develop a polymicrobial biofilm. Despite over 60 years of research investigating BV, its etiology is not fully understood. <jats:italic>Gardnerella<\/jats:italic> spp. is a crucial microorganism that contributes to the formation of the biofilm and the development of BV, but the role of other BV-associated bacteria is not clear. Nevertheless, <jats:italic>Fannyhessea vaginae<\/jats:italic> (previously known as <jats:italic>Atopobium vaginae<\/jats:italic>) is a highly specific species for BV, and co-colonization with <jats:italic>Gardnerella<\/jats:italic> is thought to be a very specific diagnostic marker. The diagnosis of BV still presents some limitations, since currently used methods often fail to accurately detect BV. This work aims to develop a novel peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probe targeting <jats:italic>F. vaginae<\/jats:italic>. This probe was further validated in a multiplex assay, which included a <jats:italic>Gardnerella-<\/jats:italic>specific PNA probe, as a possible method for diagnosis of BV, and was compared with quantification by qPCR. The new PNA probe showed excellent sensitivity and specificity and could discriminate <jats:italic>F. vaginae<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>Gardnerella<\/jats:italic> biofilms, confirming the potential to be used for the detection of BV-associated pathogens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.779376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]],"date-time":"2021-11-18T09:37:02Z","timestamp":1637228222000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A New PNA-FISH Probe Targeting Fannyhessea vaginae"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"L\u00facia G. 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